Mosyr (Kaliningrad)
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Mosyr
Klein Gnie Мозырь
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Mosyr ( Russian Мозырь , German Klein Gnie , 1938–1947 Kleingnie ) is a place in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad and is located in the northeast of Pravdinsk Rajon . Mosyr is part of the Pravdinsk district self-government .
Geographical location
The village is located in the historical region of East Prussia on the right bank of the Swine (also pigs or ashons , in Russian Putilowka ), about 31 kilometers east of the city of Prawdinsk ( Friedland ) and 16 kilometers northeast of Schelesnodoroschny ( Gerdauen ).
history
The place Gnye emerged in the course of the 16th century in the area of the Gnye forest and was first mentioned in 1567. By division, the goods Groß Gnie and Klein Gnie were created in 1627 , whereby Groß Gnie was for a long time a preliminary work of Klein Gnie.
Klein Gnie initially belonged to the von Schlieben family's wall paints complex . By marriage, Klein Gnie came to the Rollas du Rosey family, and Maria Rollas du Rosey (1738–1813) sold it in 1770 to Lieutenant Jacob Friedrich Hoffmann († 1773). After his death, his nephew, War Councilor Friedrich von Fahrenheid (1747–1834) inherited the property. In 1785 Groß Gnüe and Klein Gnüe are referred to as a noble farm with a grinding and fulling water mill and 17 fireplaces (households) or as a noble estate with twelve fireplaces, both lands are owned by the Farenheid War Council.
The next owner was bailiff Carl Gutzeit (1789-1852), who moved into the new classical manor house in 1842. The estate remained in the possession of the Gutzeit family until 1938, when it was then taken over by Chief Inspector Fritz Schwill, who had previously managed it. In 1939, the 2000 hectare farm was named a model farm by the Chamber of Agriculture.
In January 1871 a post office was opened in Klein Gnie. On April 9, 1874, Klein Gnie became the administrative seat and name-giving place of the newly established district of Klein Gnie. It belonged to 1945 the district Gerdauen in the administrative district of Kaliningrad in the Prussian province of East Prussia .
In 1889 parts of the manor district of Arklitten , namely the Mulker and the Wilhelmshöher forest , were incorporated into the manor district of Klein Gnie, followed in 1897 by the two rural communities Christophsdorf and Groß Dwillin (1938–1945 Großwillingen ).
In the 1920s, several reclassifications took place between Klein Gnie and the neighboring communities, until the two manor districts of Klein Gnie and Sechshuben finally merged to form the new rural community of Klein Gnie. The population rose to 1030 by 1933 and was 1014 in 1939.
In 1938 the name spelling was changed to "Kleingnie", but this did not really take hold. On January 21, 1945, due to the war, the population of Klein Gnie was ordered to flee. The trek went under the direction of the squire Fritz Schwill via Pomerania to Mecklenburg , where he arrived with heavy losses. The Red Army took the place two days later without a fight, but the manor house, the rectory, the shop and three farm workers' houses burned down.
After the Second World War , Klein Gnie was temporarily placed under Soviet administration by the Soviet occupying power in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement, along with the entire northern half of East Prussia. In 1947, the place name Mosyr was introduced for Klein Gnie , named after the Belarusian city of Mosyr , from which most of the migrants to Klein Gnie had immigrated after the end of the war. At the same time the place became the seat of a village soviet in Sheleznodorozhny district . After its dissolution in 1962, the place came to Pravdinsk Raion . The region was part of the Russian Socialist Federal Soviet Republic until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 and has been part of the Russian Federation ever since . In late 2004, Mosyr became a rural community, which was dissolved in late 2015. The place has belonged to the Pravdinsk district since 2016.
Population development until 1945
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1816 | 300 | 188 of them on Gut Klein Gnie and 112 on Vorwerk Groß Gnie |
| 1831 | 405 | 201 of them on Gut Klein Gnie and 204 on Vorwerk Groß Gnie |
| 1858 | 536 | all Protestants, including 314 on the Klein Gnie manor, 182 on the noble Vorwerk Groß Gnie and 40 on the noble Vorwerk Gnie |
| 1864 | 955 | on December 3rd |
| 1885 | 391 | |
| 1905 | 763 | |
| 1910 | 732 | . |
| 1933 | 1,030 | |
| 1939 | 1.014 |
District of Klein Gnie / Gnie 1874–1945
On April 9, 1874, the newly established Klein Gnie district was formed from seven communal units:
| Surname | Remarks |
|---|---|
| Rural communities : | |
| Christophsdorf | In 1897 incorporated into the Klein Gnie manor district |
| Friedrichsfelde | In 1897 incorporated into the Groß Gnie manor district |
| Groß Dwillin, from 1938 "Großwillingen" |
In 1897 incorporated into the Klein Gnie manor district |
| Loenkendorf | 1928 in the new rural community of Great Compagnie incorporated |
| Manor : | |
|
Klein Gnie , from 1938: Kleingnie |
Converted to a rural community in 1928 |
| Vorwerk : | |
| Big Gnie | In 1897 in an estate district, in 1928 in a rural community |
| Six-hats | 1928 incorporated into the new rural community of Klein Gnie |
In 1932 the Klein Gnie district was renamed the Gnie district. It belonged to 1945 the district Gerdauen in Administrative district Königsberg the province of East Prussia .
Mosyrski selski Sowet / okrug 1947–2004
The village soviet Mosyrski selski Sowet (ru. Мозырьский сельский Совет) was initially set up in Pravdinsk district in June 1947. In July 1947 he was then classified in the newly formed Zheleznodorozhny district . After the dissolution of this district at the end of 1962, the village soviet came (again) to Pravdinsk district. After the collapse of the Soviet Union , the administrative unit existed as the village district Mosyrski selski okrug (ru. Мозырьский сельский округ). At the end of 2004, within the framework of local self-government, the places of the Mosyrsky village district were taken over into the newly formed rural community Mosyrskoje selskoje posselenije.
| Place name | Name until 1947/50 | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Baranowo (Бараново) | Christophsdorf | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Frolowo (Фролово) | Annawalde (good) | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Gordejewo (Гордеево) | Nunnery | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Gussewo (Гусево) | Big Gnie | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Ivanovka (Ивановка) | Nendrinn, 1938–1945 "Altlugau" |
The place was renamed in 1950. |
| Klyuchi (Ключи) | Mauenfelde | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Korostelewo (Коростелево) | at Kiehlendorf | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Kovalevskoye (Ковалевское) | Trenkensrest | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1988. |
| Luzhki (Лужки) | Petrineusaß | The place was renamed in 1947 and deleted from the place register in 1997. |
| Mosyr (Мозырь) | Little Gnie | Administrative headquarters |
| Obuchowo (Обухово) | Nubertshöfen | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Perowo (Перово) | Sokallen | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Pechorskoye (Печорское) | Friedrichsfelde | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1976. |
| Prudki (Прудки) | Loenkendorf | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1988. |
| Rogowo (Рогово) | Rosanna, 1938–1945 "Rosenflur" |
The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Scheludjowo (Желудёво) | Cheers | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Severny (Северный) | Mulk | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially assigned to the Podlipowski Village Soviet . |
| Simovskoye (Зимовское) | Schönwiese | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially assigned to the Podlipowski Village Soviet. It was left before 1988. |
| Smolnoe (Смольное) | Annawalde (village) | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Tichoje (Тихое) | Kiehlendorf | The place was renamed in 1950 and (wrongly?) Initially assigned to the Novo-Bobruiski village soviet . |
| Werschiny (Вершины) | Werschen | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Vyazemskoye (Вяземское) | Peterehlen | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
The two places, renamed in 1947, Borodino (Barragin / Georgenhain) and Oserki (Georgenfelde) as well as the three places renamed in 1950, Iljuschino (Melchersdorf) , Poleschajewo (Georgenwalde) and Rylejewo (Bettyhof) were also initially included in the Mosyrski selski Sowet, then (before 1975) came to the Vishnevsky selski Sowet .
In 2001 the village district Novo-Bobruiski selski okrug with the places Novo-Bobruisk, Bystrjanka , Linjowo , Okhotnitschje , Perevalowo , Shcherbinino and Tscherepanowo was connected to the Mosyrski selski okrug.
Mosyrskoye selskoye posseleniy 2004–2015
As part of local self-government, the rural community Mosyrskoje selskoje posselenije (ru. Мозырьское сельское поселение) was established at the end of 2004 . A total of 25 localities classified as settlements belonged to their area. At the turn of the year 2015/2016 the community was dissolved again and its places incorporated into the newly formed Pravdinsk district.
| Place name | German name |
|---|---|
| Belkino (Белкино) | Abelischken, 1938–1945: Ilmenhorst |
| Borodino (Бородино) | Barragin, 1938–1945: Georgenhain |
| Bystryanka (Быстрянка) | Muldszen / Muldschen settlement , 1938–1945: Mulden settlement |
| Frunsenskoje (Фрунзенское) | Bells |
| Gussewo (Гусево) | Big Gnie |
| Ivanovka (Ивановка) | Nendrinn, 1938–1945: Altlugau |
| Korolenkowo (Короленково) | Oschkin, 1938–1945: Oschern |
| Krasnoye (Красное) | (Large) Astrawischken, 1938–1945: Astrau |
| Lasarewo (Лазарево) | Grüntann |
| Linjowo (Линёво) | Schönlinde, Jodeglienen / Wiedenau, Budwischken / Oberndorf |
| Liskino (Лискино) | Lieskendorf |
| Malodworki (Малодворки) | Six-hats |
| Mosyr (Мозырь) | Klein Gnie, 1938–1947: Kleingnie |
| Novo-Bobruisk (Ново-Бобруйск) | Ilmsdorf |
| Ochotnitschje (Охотничье) | Klein Ilmsdorf |
| Perevalovo (Перевалово) | Muldszen / Muldschen, 1938–1945: Mulden |
| Podlipowo (Подлипово) | Hochlindenberg |
| Scheludjowo (Желудёво) | Cheers |
| Schtscherbinino (Щербинино) | Schönrade |
| Sergejewka (Сергеевка) | Small pentlack |
| Severny (Северный) | Mulk |
| Tichoje (Тихое) | Kiehlendorf |
| Tchaikovskoye (Чайковское) | Lugowen, 1938–1945: Großlugau |
| Cherepanovo (Черепаново) | Reichau (from 1928 to Schönrade) |
| Werschiny (Вершины) | Werschen |
traffic
Regional road 27A-027 (ex R 508 ) runs through Mosyr - here from southeast to northwest in the section from Kamenka on regional road 27A-044 (ex A 197 ) to Znamensk on regional road 27A-037 (ex R 514 ). The further regional road 27A-049 leads east from Mosyr to the regional road 27A-044 to Korolenkowo .
Municipal road 27K-127 runs in a north-easterly direction and reaches municipal road 27K-137 in Krasnoye . The southern settlement of Scheludjowo is reached via the municipal road 27K-315 .
Since 1894 the place was a train station (Klein Gnie or Mosyr-Nowy) on the railway line Toruń – Chernyachovsk (Thorn – Insterburg), until in 2009 the passenger traffic in the section on the Russian territory was stopped.
church
Church building
The neo-Gothic church in Klein Gnie was designed by the architect Bergmann from Rastenburg (now in Polish: Kętrzyn). It was inaugurated on April 18, 1901. The church had a 45 meter high spire with three bells and offered space for 400 people.
After 1945, a school used the church space as a gym and added classrooms for a primary school. The high pitched roof was removed in 1965/66 and replaced by a flat gable roof covered with asbestos cement panels.
Parish
The parish Klein Gnie with its extensive parish was located between the parishes Gerdauen and Nordenburg in the south and the parish Muldszen (1938-1945 Mulden ) in the north and was traversed by the Aschwöne (Swine) and the Wickerau.
Since 1601 Klein Gnie belonged to the parish of Muldszen. It was not until 1897 that the independent parish of Klein Gnie was established, with the parish of the three parishes of Gerdauen, Nordenburg and Muldszen being re-parish. In the same year a parish office was set up.
During the time of the Soviet Union , church life was severely restricted. It was not until the 1990s that new Protestant congregations formed in the Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, since 1991/92. Mosyr lies in the area of the newly established parish in Chernyakhovsk , which belongs to the Kaliningrad provost within the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia (ELCER).
Parish places
Until 1945, the parish of Klein Gnie comprised four rural communities with a total of 26 villages:
- Barragin (1938–1945 Georgenhain ), with: Bettyhof, Georgenfelde , Georgenwalde and Nonnenhof
- Groß Gnie with: Annawalde (village), Annawalde (estate), Bolzhinshof, Friedrichsfelde, Lönkendorf, Mühlenkrug and Neusorge
- Klein Gnie with: Christophsdorf, Groß Dwillin (1938–1945 Großwillingen ), Karlshof, Klein Dwillin (1938–1945 Kleinwillingen ), Prosit , Rosanna (1938–1945 Rosenflur ) and Sechshuben
- Wesselowen (1938–1945 Wesselau ) with: Franzenshof, Hedwigsfelde, Mulk and Schönwiese.
Pastor
In the period up to 1945 there were two pastors in Klein Gnie, the first of whom had already been serving as vicar three years earlier:
- Julius Bernhard K. Fürstenau, 1898–1902
- Ernst Lappoehn, 1903–1945.
Church records
The church registers for the parish of Klein Gnie have been completely preserved: baptisms, weddings, and burials from the years 1897 to 1944 and are kept in the Evangelical Central Archives in Berlin-Kreuzberg .
school
Already before 1945 there was a school in Klein Gnie, the building of which - like the church interior of the old parish church - is still used for school purposes today.
literature
- Leopold Krug : The Prussian Monarchy - topographically, statistically and economically represented , Part 1: Province of East Prussia , Berlin 1833, pp. 381–483, item 16.
- Wulf D. Wagner, Culture in Rural East Prussia. History, goods and people in the Gerdauen district , 2008
Web links
- Gnie District (Rolf Jehke, 2005)
- Table sheet 1594 Kleingnie (status 1938) in the digital collections of the University of Greifswald
Individual evidence
- ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ^ Mosyr - Small Gnie and Gusevo - Large Gnie
- ^ Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Part I, Königsberg / Leipzig 1785, p. 55.
- ^ Official Journal of the North German Postal Administration No. 3, January 1871, p. 11.
- ↑ a b Rolf Jehke, Klein Gnie / Gnie district
- ↑ Rolf Jehke, Arklitten / Molthainen / Molteinen district
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Gerdauen (Russian Schelesnodoroschnyj). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ a b The Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 июня 1947 г. "Об образовании сельских советов, городов и рабочих поселков в Калининградской области" (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of 17 June 1947: On the Formation of village Soviets , Cities and workers' settlements in Kaliningrad Oblast)
- ↑ Alexander August Mützell and Leopold Krug : New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 2: G – Ko , Halle 1821, p. 44, paragraphs 1584–1585.
- ↑ Leopold Krug : The Prussian Monarchy - topographically, statistically and economically represented , Part 1: Province of East Prussia , Berlin 1833, p. 381, item 16.
- ↑ Adolf Schlott: Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Königsberg, based on official sources . Hartung, Königsberg 1861, p. 91, paragraph.
- ^ Prussian Ministry of Finance: The results of the property and building tax assessment in the Koenigsberg administrative district : Berlin 1966, Gerdauen district, pp. 1–35.
- ^ A b c Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. gerdauen.html # ew33grdnkleingnie. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Little Gnie
- ↑ Uli Schubert, municipality directory
- ↑ Through the Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 25 июля 1947 г. "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Калининградской области" (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of July 25, 1947: Establishment of the Oblast-Kaliningrad)
- ↑ Through the Закон Калининградской области от 21 декабря 2004 г. № 476 «О наделении муниципального образования" Правдинский район "статусом муниципального района и об установлении границ и наделении соответствующим статусом муниципальных образований , находящихся на его территории" (Law of the Kaliningrad Oblast of 21 December 2004, No. 476. About the equipping of municipal Education "Pravdinsk Raion" with the status of municipal Raion and about setting the boundaries and equipping with the corresponding status of municipal formations located on its territory)
- ↑ Photo of the former church in Mosyr (Klein Gnie) from 2009
- ↑ Ev.-luth. Provosty Kaliningrad ( Memento of the original dated August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ The parish of Klein Gnie
- ↑ Friedwald Moeller, Old Prussian Protestant Pastor's Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945 , Hamburg, 1968
- ↑ Christa Stache, Directory of the Church Books in the Evangelical Central Archive in Berlin , Part 1: The Eastern Church Provinces of the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union , Berlin, 1992³
- ↑ Photo of the school in Mosyr ( Klein Gnie ) from 2009
