Vershiny (Kaliningrad)
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Vershiny /
Werchen Вершины
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Werschiny ( Russian Вершины , German Werschen ) is a place in the Russian Kaliningrad Oblast (region Königsberg (Prussia) ) and belongs to Mosyrskoje selskoje posselenije (Town Mozyr (small Compagnie) ) within the Pravdinsky District (county Friedland (East Prussia.) ). As one of the few places in the former northeastern part of East Prussia, the place was able to keep its name in Slavic form.
Geographical location
Vershiny is 31 kilometers northeast of the district capital Pravdinsk (Friedland (Ostpr.)) And 18 kilometers northeast of the former district town of Gerdauen, the current Schelesnodoroschny .
The river Aschwönen (Swine, Russian: Putilowka) runs through Werschen, which was dammed in the former and now defunct district of Sokallen (Russian: Perovo) about 1 km to the west for the operation of the water mill.
traffic
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The Russian trunk road R 508 runs through the village in the section between Osjorsk ( Darkehmen , 1938–1945 Angerapp , 48 km) and Znamensk ( Wehlau , 25 km). In town, a side road joins, which comes from Winogradnoje (Stutterei) in the Chernyachovsk district (district Insterburg ) via Perewalowo ( Muldszen , 1936–1938 Muldschen , 1938–1945 Mulden ) and Tichoje (Kiehlendorf) to here.
The place is connected to the public bus network, which connects Vershiny over the bus line 536к Kaliningrad - Mosyr (Königsberg - Klein Gnie) in both directions up to three times a day with the capital of the oblast. The bus stop is right at the intersection in the direction of Tichoje.
A rail link has not existed since passenger traffic on the Russian section of the Toruń – Chernyachovsk (Thorn – Insterburg) railway with the Mosyr-Nowy (formerly Klein Gnie station) four kilometers away was discontinued in 2009.
history
The village was first mentioned as Peslekem in 1592 . Another verifiable place name was Perszlkem (1596) and Warsagey (also 1596), from which the later place name Werschken (1603) and the variant Wersßen (1785) were formed. After that, the later spelling Werschen became common .
The village formerly called Werschen belonged between 1874 and 1945 to the district of Muldszen (1936–1938 Muldschen , 1938–1945 Mulden , since 1947: Perewalowo) in the district of Gerdauen in the administrative district of Königsberg in the Prussian province of East Prussia .
In 1910 there were 129 people living here. On March 21, 1928, the rural communities of Werschen and Sokallen (after 1950: Perowo) merged to form the new rural community of Werschen. The population rose to 187 by 1933 and was 192 in 1939.
As a result of the Second World War , northern East Prussia and with it the village of Werschen came to the Soviet Union in 1945 and was renamed "Verhiny" in 1947. Until 2009 it belonged to the Mosyrsky soviet (Dorfsovjet Mosyr (Klein Gnie) ) within the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad since 1991/92 and since then - due to a structural and administrative reform - it has been classified as a “settlement” (possjolok) within the Mosyrskoje selskoje posselenije (rural municipality Mosyr) in Pravdinsk district .
The actual location of the former Werchen originally extended along both sides of the Swine, the bridge over the river actually marked the center of the place. Other, but only isolated, buildings or farmsteads were located a little further away, directly on the main road Mulden - Groß Gnie. Werschen was an almost exclusively agricultural village. There was also a forge and a carpentry shop in the village. Hardly anything is left of the old town center today. If one compares the current building stock with that of the year 1945, only one of the former 6 farmsteads and some other buildings remained west of the Swine. On the eastern side of the river, there is hardly any old building fabric to be seen. However, most of the buildings on the main road at the crossroads to Kiehlendorf are still preserved today. The current Vershiny extends over a length of around 500 meters along the eastern side of the main street with simple buildings from the post-war period. The village no longer has an actual center. Old streets in the original place, especially the one between the main street and the river Swine, are difficult or impossible to make out.
Sights (as of 2012)
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Only a few buildings from the pre-war period can still be found, some with stables. The massive bridge over the Swine has been preserved, but it is severely damaged. The original cobblestone pavement in the village is still visible in some places, especially near the bridge.
From the former German cemetery of the village, which is located approx. 500 meters east of the village directly above the Swine, there are only a few old German gravestones with inscriptions from the pre-war period, but a larger number of grave borders, some even with names . The cemetery was no longer used by the Russian settlers after the German population was driven out.
church
With its predominantly Protestant population, Werschen was parish in the parish of Muldszen (1936–1938 Muldschen , 1938–1945 Mulden , since 1947: Perewalowo) until 1945 . It belonged to the church district Gerdauen (since 1946: Schelesnodoroschny) within the church province of East Prussia of the church of the Old Prussian Union .
Today Verzhiny is in the catchment area of the newly formed township of Chernyakhovsk (Insterburg) , which has been incorporated into the also new provost of Kaliningrad within the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia (ELKER).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ↑ Timetable on avtovokzal39.ru
- ↑ http://www.bildarchiv-ostpreussen.de/cgi-bin/bildarchiv/suche/show_ortsinfos.cgi?id=62246
- ^ Rolf Jehke, Mulden district
- ^ Uli Schubert, municipality register Landkreis Gerdauen
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Gerdauen (Russian Schelesnodoroschnyj). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Through the Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 ноября 1947 г. «О переименовании населённых пунктов Калининградской области» (Ordinance of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR "On the Renaming of Places of the Kaliningrad Oblast" of November 17, 1947)
- ↑ According to the Law on the Composition and Territories of Municipal Forms of the Kaliningrad Oblast of June 25th / 1. July 2009, along with Law No. 476 of December 21, 2004, specified by Law No. 370 of July 1, 2009
- ^ Parish of Muldszen
- ↑ Ev.-luth. Provosty Kaliningrad ( Memento of August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive )