Hans Moritz Hauke

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Count Hans Johann Moritz Hauke (born October 26, 1775 in Seifersdorf near Dresden , † November 29, 1830 in Warsaw ) was a professional soldier who rose to become Deputy Minister of War of Congress Poland .

Hans Moritz Hauke
The obelisk in Warsaw, which was removed in 1917, in its original place in front of the Saxon Palace
The Capuchin Church in Warsaw
The Count's coat of arms of the Hauke-Bosak (1829)

biography

Hans Johann Moritz Hauke's father Friedrich Karl Emanuel Hauke ​​(1737–1810) - born as Johann Friedrich Michael Hauck - came from Mainz ; however, the family's origins were in Wetzlar . He had come to Dresden and later to Poland as the secretary of the Saxon Count Brühl . In Dresden he met the pastor's daughter, who came from Rechtenbach in the southern Palatinate, and who worked in the Palais Brühl, maid Maria Salomea Schweppenhäuser (1755-1833), whom he married. Around 1780 Alois von Brühl sold his Polish offices and retired to Saxony. Friedrich Hauke ​​stayed in Warsaw because of his Polonized children and opened a private school. Later he worked as a mathematics teacher at the German-speaking “ Royal Prussian Lyceum in Warsaw ” (founded in 1805).

The couple had six children, five of whom were born in Seifersdorf, while the youngest, Josef (1790–1837, who became a Russian general and count ), was born in Warsaw. The eldest son of the two, Hans Moritz, grew up with Carl von Brühl in Seifersdorf (Wachau) for the first few years . His godfather was Hanns Moritz von Brühl , the youngest son of Heinrich von Brühl , after whom he was named. Carl von Brühl and Hauke ​​continued to exchange correspondence for many years. After leaving Seifersdorf, Hauke ​​became a professional soldier, joined the Polish army in 1790 and took part in the Kościuszko uprising in 1794 . He fought with Napoleon's armies and later in the army of the Duchy of Warsaw in Austria, Italy, Germany and Spain and from 1815 served in the army of Congress Poland. In 1826 he and his brothers Josef and Ludwig August (1779-1851) received the hereditary Polish nobility (without the predicate of ). Tsar Nicholas I appointed him Deputy Minister of War of Congress Poland and in 1829 elevated him to the rank of count. Later his brother Joseph was raised to the rank of Russian count.

During the November uprising of 1830, when Hauke rushed to the aid of the Governor General of Poland, Grand Duke Konstantin , was killed by the rebels in Warsaw in front of his wife Sophie, née. Lafontaine and his younger children, including Julia and Sophie Salomea (1816–1861), were killed. He rode next to his wife's carriage from the official apartment in the Saxon Palace to the Belvedere Palace , the property of the Grand Duke, and met a crowd of rebels who began to shout: "General, lead us!" When he started a sermon calling the uprising "stupidity and childish stuff" and called on the cadets to return to the barracks , the barracks opened fire and he fell riddled with 19 bullets. His widow died in 1831 and the daughters became wards of the tsar. Of the sons, the older ones, including Moritz Leopold Josef (1814–1831), did not share the father's loyal views to the Tsar and joined the rebellious army. Moritz Leopold died on May 18, 1831 in the battle of Ostrołęka .

General Hauke ​​was buried with his wife and brothers in the crypt of the Capuchin Church in Warsaw. His wife Sophie was the daughter of the well-known and respected military doctor Franz Leopold Lafontaine , who came from Biberach an der Riss and had moved to Poland around 1780.

Nicholas I had a huge obelisk erected in front of the Saxon Palace in Warsaw in 1841 , dedicated to Hauke ​​and five other Polish generals who “remained loyal to their monarch”. The obelisk, an object of hate among the people of Warsaw, was removed in 1917.

Hauke's daughter Julia married Prince Alexander of Hesse-Darmstadt on October 28, 1851 and was taken over by his brother, Grand Duke Ludwig III. von Hessen-Darmstadt, in 1851 as Countess of Battenberg and on December 16, 1858 as Duchess of Battenberg with the title " Highness ". She became the founder of the Battenberg- Mountbatten family .

Emilie Elfriede Luise Hauke ​​married into the von Stackelberg family.

Offspring

The couple Moritz and Sophie Hauke, geb. Lafontaine had eleven children:

Awards

See also

literature

  • Eckhart G. Franz : The House of Hesse. A European family. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-17-018919-0 , pp. 164-170 ( Urban pocket books 606).
  • Polski Słownik Biograficzny. ( Polish Biographical Dictionary ). Volume 9: Gross Adolf - Horoch Kalikst. Polska Akademia Nauk - Instytut Historii, Warsaw 1961.
  • Руccкиӣ биoгpaфичecкиӣ cлoвaрь. Saint Petersburg 1896–1918.
  • Eugeniusz Szulc: Cmentarz ewangelicko-augsburski w Warszawie . Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, Warsaw 1989, ISBN 83-06-01606-8 ( Biblioteka Syrenki ).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ SLUB Dresden: The archives of the counts Brühl family, Seifersdorf - Mscr.Dresd.App.514
personal data
SURNAME Hauke, Hans Moritz
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hauke, Count Hans Moritz (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish general; Deputy Minister of War of Congress Poland
DATE OF BIRTH October 26, 1775
PLACE OF BIRTH Seifersdorf near Dresden , Electorate of Saxony
DATE OF DEATH November 29, 1830
Place of death Warsaw