Heyde (noble family)

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Coat of arms of those von der Heyde

Heyde is the name of an old Silesian noble family . The gentlemen von der Heyde originally belonged to the Lower Silesian nobility . The family, some of whose branches still exist today, is related to the von Heydebrand family . There is no tribal relationship to other noble families with a similar spelling such as von der Heyden and von Heyden , who come from other areas and have different coats of arms .

history

origin

The family with Heinrich von Berolisdorf ( Bärsdorf ) was first mentioned in a document on January 25, 1287 in Heinrichsdorf ( Heinersdorf ) in the Duchy of Liegnitz . The unbroken line of the family begins with him .

Heinrich Sigismund von der Heyde (1703–1765)
Hermann von der Heyde (1857–1942)

Niklin de Hayda in Liegnitz, who appears in a document in 1342 and was a descendant of Heinrich, who was mentioned in a document in 1287, is the first to use the name Hayda or Heyde. Around 1320, the Haidau property that gave it its name was separated from Heinrichsdorf. The von der Heyde name appeared from the second half of the 14th century.

Spread and personalities

After Sinapius , some members of the family acquired citizenship of the city of Liegnitz without prejudice to their nobility. At the end of the 13th century (1294) Stephan von der Heyde was in high favor with Duke Heinrich von Breslau because of his loyalty . Jesco von der Heyde was a judge in Sommerfeld in 1389. In 1469, King Matthias Corvinus appointed Johannes von der Heyde as Vice-Captain of the Principality of Wroclaw . He is probably identical with Hans von Heyde auf Seiffersdorf, councilor of Bishop Rudolph von Breslau and vice-governor of the principality of Breslau. In 1529 Erasmus and Just von der Heyde were in Vienna when the city was besieged by the Turks . In 1603 Wilhelm von der Heyde appears as Marshal of Duke Karl II. Von Münsterberg und Oels and in 1663 Melchior von Heyde auf Pangel as Burgrave of Duke Georg III. from Liegnitz and Brieg to Strehlen .

At the beginning of the 17th century the family split into two lines. The founders of the lines were the two brothers Friedrich and Jakob von der Heyde, sons of Georg Abraham von der Heyde († around 1620) auf Großsärchen (until 1598) and Tschorne and his wife Barbara von Wiedebach.

First line

Friedrich von der Heyde (* around 1590–1666), the founder of the first line in Tschaksdorf, married Eva von Oppel from the Leuthen family in 1617. One of their descendants was Heinrich Sigismund von der Heyde (1703–1765), who in 1755 became the commandant of the Friedrichsburg Fortress near Königsberg . At the beginning of the Seven Years' War he defended the fortress against the Russians. In 1758 he had to withdraw with the occupation to Pomerania, where the Prussian King Friedrich II appointed him commander of Kolberg . He successfully defended the city against Russians and Swedes twice, only after a third siege did he have to surrender the fortress and was taken prisoner. He died in 1765 as a Prussian colonel in Kolberg. Because of his services, Heinrich Sigismund appears in the frieze of the equestrian statue of Frederick the Great in Berlin Unter den Linden. Johann Daniel von der Heyde (1750–1808), Prussian captain in the “Prince of Orange” regiment , married Johanna Dorothea Le Tannuex de Saint-Paul (1765–1854) in Kolberg in 1784. The couple was able to continue the line with eight children, four sons and four daughters. The sons Detloff August (also Detlaw ) and Friedrich Wilhelm divided the first line into two further branches.

Detloff August von der Heyde (* 1785), the founder of the first branch, was major general and commandant of the Neisse fortress . He died in 1863 as a Prussian lieutenant general ret. D. His son Friedrich Heinrich von der Heyde (1816–1900), a Prussian lieutenant colonel , emerged from his marriage to Wilhelmine Chelmeck (1790–1879) in 1815 . In 1854 he married Laura von der Heyde (1831–1875), a distant relative. Their son Hermann Heinrich Sigismund von der Heyde (* 1857) died in 1942 as a major general a. D. From his marriage to Agnes von Schloten in 1887, he left behind the daughter Laura Eva Sismonda Agnes (* 1890) and the son Karl Rochus Heinrich-Sigismund (* 1891).

Friedrich Wilhelm von der Heyde (* 1798), the founder of the second branch, last served in the 22nd Infantry Regiment and died in 1864 as a Prussian major retired. D. He married Ida Pauline Louise von Wedel (1806–1846) in 1829 and left behind a daughter and two sons. Paul Heinrich Sigismund August von der Heyde (1836–1910), the youngest child, became a Prussian major general. Of his sons, Paul Heinrich Sigismund Adrian von der Heyde (1862–1946) became Lieutenant General and Knight of Honor of the Order of St. John , Robert Heinrich Sigismund Gustav von der Heyde (1866–1928) and Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Sigismund von der Heyde (1867–1918), Prussian colonels . Hans Wolf Berthold Heinrich Sigismund von der Heyde died in 1919 as a Prussian major a. D. All brothers who also had three sisters left descendants. Heinrich Sigismund von der Heyde (* 1896), a son of Robert Heinrich Sigismund Gustav, died in 1944 as major general in the Air Force .

Second line

Jakob von der Heyde (* around 1600, † around 1636) was the founder of the second line to Trebatsch or Kremlin ( Cremlin ). His third generation descendant was Johann Adolf von der Heyde auf Richlich bei Schönlanke . He married Abigail Judith von Krockow in 1735 . Their son Johann Kaspar von der Heyde (* 1740), on the Kremlin and Sabow with the Tangerhof farm in the former district of Soldin , died in 1807 as a Prussian major general. In 1779 he married Karoline Wilhelmine Helene von Belling (1759-1813). The couple had two sons. Christian Adolf Ludwig Gottlob von der Heyde (* 1785) died unmarried on January 5, 1847. The second son Friedrich Wilhelm von der Heyde (* 1787) became a Prussian Rittmeister . He last served in the Blücher Hussar Regiment. With his death on November 15, 1847, this line became extinct in the male line . His marriage to Karoline Mathilde Isenburg (1803–1882), which he entered into in 1821, had only one daughter: Antonie Helene Adolfine von der Heyde (* 1826) married Karl Friedrich Wilhelm von Sydow in 1850 .

Possessions

The family temporarily owned goods in Lauterbach, Hennersdorf, Altstadt, Nimptsch and Pangel . Later property in Niederlausitz and the Mark Brandenburg could also be acquired. In Lower Lusatia, Starzeddel near Guben was already in their possession in 1550, as well as Tzschacksdorf and Zschorne not far from Sorau around 1600 and Dubrauke and Trebbus near Luckau in 1629.

More recently, members of the family in Silesia were still wealthy in Habendorf in the Duchy of Schweidnitz in 1797 and in the province of Brandenburg in Cremlin in the district of Soldin in 1847.

coat of arms

Family coat of arms

The coat of arms shows a retro-looking red lion in silver . On the helmet with red-silver helmet covers a hermelingestulpte , with red and silver cord diagonally right enwound and four (red, silver, red, silver) ostrich feather besteckte red Tatar cap. The coat of arms appears on a seal from 1444.

The coat of arms of the Liegnitzer and Breslau branches as well as that of Heydebrand is split. On the right, in silver, a red diagonal bar, accompanied by two red stars (coat of arms of those from Pack on Priebus), on the left, in blue, a crowned golden lion facing inwards. On the helmet with red and silver helmet covers on the right and blue and gold on the left, the lion grows between a blue and silver flight and under a bar broken in the shield colors, which is covered with a red star on the silver half and a gold star on the blue .

Heraldic saga

An old legend says, the family because of their special bravery because they head a distinguished Tatars it brought, after the (1241) Battle of Legnica this coat of arms received as well as other Silesian noble families who lead a Tatar cap in her arms.

Known family members

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ State Archives Wroclaw; Principality of Brieg III, 19a, fol. 29
  2. ↑ a b c d Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon. Volume V, Volume 84 of the complete series, pp. 186-187.
  3. ↑ Schlesische Regesten, 6359
  4. ↑ Silesian curiosities in it the handsome families of the Silesian nobility. Volume 1, pp. 469-471.
  5. ↑ a b c Yearbook of the German Nobility . Volume 1, pp. 793-798.
  6. ^ A b Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelige Häuser A Volume VIII, Volume 38 of the complete series, pp. 213–218.
  7. ↑ a b New General German Adels Lexicon Volume 4, pp. 354–355.
  8. ^ Wroclaw Cathedral Archives, Chronological Document G 8
  9. ↑ Johann Georg Theodor Grasse : Legends of gender, name and coat of arms of the nobility of the German nation. Reprint-Verlag, Leipzig 1999, ISBN 3-8262-0704-1 , p. 68.