Hrachoviště (Býšť)

Hrachoviště
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Pardubický kraj
District :	Pardubice
Municipality :	Býšť
Area :	446 ha
Geographic location :	50 ° 7 ' N , 15 ° 53' E Coordinates: 50 ° 7 '26 " N , 15 ° 53' 3" E
Height:	249 m nm
Residents :	88 (2011)
Postal code :	533 22
License plate :	E.
traffic
Street:	Bukovina nad Labem - Svoboda

Anger

Cross and bell tree

Hrachoviště (German Streitdorf ) is a district of the municipality Býšť in the Czech Republic . It is located ten kilometers southeast of the city center of Hradec Králové and belongs to the Okres Pardubice .

geography

The rural village of Hrachoviště is located at the foot of the Třebechovická tabule ( Hohenbruck table ) in the Pardubická kotlina ( Pardubice basin ). A nameless tributary flows to the Bohumilečský potok on the northern edge of the village. In the north rises the Korejtek (291 m nm). Dálnice 35 is currently being built southwest of the village .

Neighboring towns are Nový Hradec Králové , Malšovice, Malšova Lhota , Koliba and Svinary in the north, Rybníčky and Hoděšovice in the Northeast, Býšť and Svoboda in the east, Chvojenec and Nový Drahoš the southeast, Rokytno in the south, Bohumileč , Újezd u Sezemic and Zástava in the southwest, Bukovina nad Labem and Borek in the west and Vysoká nad Labem , Na Podlesí, Roudnička and Kluky in the northwest.

history

In the course of the raabization , numerous new villages were created between 1777 and 1780 on the territory of the Pardubice camera rule . The settlers in Streitdorf, Trauerdorf , Dreidorf ( Platěnsko ), Reudorf ( Jiříček ), Sehndorf ( Moravanský ), Kleindorf ( Malolánské ), Neu Hradischt , Maydorf , Gunstdorf , Weska ( Veská ), Neu Jesnitschan and Klein Jesnitschan were emphatically given over to land , were German emigrants from Silesia and the County of Glatz . Their settlement is mostly seen in connection with the journey of Emperor Joseph II to the Eagle Mountains in 1779. There he met emigrants from the county of Glatz in the villages along the Prussian border, who had been oppressed in their homeland after the transition to Prussia in 1742 and 1763 because of their Catholic denomination and had therefore fled over the nearby border to Bohemia, where they now lived in needy circumstances. In Kronstadt , a delegation of emigrants handed over to Joseph II, who was also the sovereign of the Bohemian Glatzer country, the application for admission as a resident of Bohemia. However, several of these German-speaking local foundations took place in the years 1777 and 1778. The exact date of the founding of Streitdorf is not known. The new village was built on the edge of the Kingdom Forest on the road from Býšť to Borek on poorly productive alder forest soil . In contrast to the other local foundations of this time, Streitdorf did not emerge as a street village or simple row of houses. Along the path, which runs straight from east to west, a wide meadow was created, on both sides of which ten even settlement areas were allocated with areas for buildings, courtyards and gardens. The rulers assigned wood from the kingdom forest to the settlers to build the houses. The townscape was uniformly designed, behind the living area of each property there was a stable and a small barn with a wooden threshing barn, behind which there were smaller sheds. In front of each house there was a cistern as a water reservoir on the lawn. The two entrances to the village were fenced in and provided with gates to prevent the poultry from reaching the fields. It is not known where the place name Streitdorf comes from. Around the same time, the village of Svoboda , whose settlers were Czechs, arose east of Streitdorf .

The first written mention of Streitdorf took place in 1780. With its 20 properties, Streitdorf was one of the largest of the German-speaking settlements of the Pardubitz cameramen. Initially, the new settlement was under the control of Rychtář von Borek; Michael Wolf has been the first to have his own Rychtář in Streitdorf since 1790. Due to the close contacts with the surrounding Czech-speaking villages, the assimilation of the German-born settlers of Streitdorf took place. The Czech name Hrachovišťata originated in the 19th century and is derived from the peas that were mainly grown at that time. In addition to agriculture, fish farming in the nearby ponds was one of the main sources of income. later the ponds were gradually drained and turned into arable land.

In 1835 the Dominikaldorf Streitdorf or Hrachowissťota in the Chrudim district consisted of 25 houses in which 194 people, including a Protestant family, lived. There was a windmill in the village. The parish was Beyscht . From 1837 Hrachovišťata was used as an official place name. Until the middle of the 19th century the village remained subordinate to the Imperial and Royal Chamber of Commerce Pardubitz.

After the abolition of patrimonial Hrachovišťata formed from 1849 a municipality in the judicial district of Pardubice . In 1850 a large fire destroyed two houses. In 1855 the village had grown to 30 houses. From 1868 the municipality belonged to the political district of Pardubitz . In 1865 the industrialist Johann Liebieg acquired the forests on the Hohenbrucker Tafel, from 1884 they belonged to Alexander Margrave von Pallavicini on Jemnice . 1869 Hrachovišťata to Rokytno incorporated, at that time, the village had 238 inhabitants and consisted of 32 houses. With 241 inhabitants, Hrachovišťata reached its highest population in 1880. In 1900 there were 197 people in the village, compared to 217 in 1910. Between 1906 and 1908, with financial support from the church and Margrave Pallavicini, the inhabitants built a waterworks in the woods two kilometers north of the village; Every homeowner had to dig a 40 m long trench section for the cast iron pipeline from the water tank to the village. In the interwar period and during the Second World War, the construction of water pipes was continued; now the house connections were made.

The post mill at house number 22 was demolished in 1914 because the miller thought the house tree was rotten and feared the mill would collapse. Long before that, he had asked the Monument Office in Pardubice for financial support for the repair of the culturally and historically valuable mill without any response. During the demolition it turned out that the oak of the house tree was completely healthy and would have fulfilled its function for a long time. Three months after the demolition, the Monument Office approved the requested repair subsidy.

A school with a teacher's apartment was built between 1919 and 1921. After the establishment of Czechoslovakia in 1921, the forest dominion of the Margrave of Pallavicini was expropriated and nationalized in the course of the land reform. The village has been called Hrachoviště since 1924 . In 1930 the village had 158 inhabitants. In 1931 part of the forests was sold to the city of Hradec Králové , the remaining part was divided; the new forest owners established a forest cooperative. During this time, the forests began to be developed for tourism. In 1949 Hrachoviště was assigned to the Okres Holice. The school was closed in the 1950s and the children were retrained to Býšť. At that time, a building for the local national committee was built , which was later expanded to include a small hall and a fire department depot. In 1957 it was incorporated into Býšť. Since 1960 Hrachoviště belongs again to the Okres Pardubice . The school, which was previously used as a warehouse, was converted into a senior citizens' home in the 1990s. At the same time, the former municipal office was converted into the “Bumbálka” inn. At the 2001 census, there were 77 people in the 32 houses in Hrachoviště.

Of the descendants of the original settlers, the Šrom family - formerly Schramm - still live on the property where Johan Schrome built his house when the town was founded.