St. Andrä (Freising)

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The Andreas Church (right) next to the cathedral and the residence (after a copper engraving by Michael Wening )
The collegiate church on an engraving in the "Topographia Germaniae" by Matthaeus Merian , 1642; above the left church below the right church on Toompea

The collegiate foundation St. Andreas was a collegiate foundation on the Domberg in Freising (Domannexstift). The buildings of the monastery were on the western part of Toompea, west of the Prince-Bishop's Residence . The collegiate church was the second largest church in Freising after the cathedral; the monastery also had eight parishes with 30 branches.

history

There was a pen at this point as early as the 8th century. This was called Hugibertsmünster and was founded before 720 by Hugibert, a priest, as a clan monastery foundation. Around the year 770 there was a donation to the monastery Hukiperthi and the church of St. Andrew. While the Benedictine monastery probably did not survive the 10th century, the church dedicated to the Apostle Andrew continued to exist .

The St. Andreas Abbey was founded by Bishop Ellenhard before 1062 . A written document dated October 24, 1062 exists in the form of a deed of donation from Henry IV , in which some fiscal goods in Pirano and Cittanova in Istria were transferred to the monastery. He took the goods that Ellenhard had transferred to the monastery from the bishopric and his parents' inheritance near Merano . The parish of the same name also belonged to the monastery ; until secularization one of the three parishes in Freising - next to St. Veit on the eastern slope of the Weihenstephaner mountain and St. Georg in the middle of the city. In addition to the Domberg, the parish of St. Andreas only comprised the area Am Wörth and a few houses in front of the Münchner Tor. The main task of the 21 canons of St. Andreas at the beginning was assisting the liturgy in Freising Cathedral . Over time, the number of canons decreased. In 1601 the monastery had 18 members and from the 17th century only twelve.

Korbinian and Nonnosushof; Former canons of St. Andreas

The monastery was abolished on November 27, 1802 in the course of secularization . At the end of 1803 all associated churches were closed. The furnishings were auctioned and on December 23, 1803, Elector Maximilian IV Joseph ordered the building to be demolished. The parish of St. Andreas was incorporated into the parish of St. Georg .

The archbishop's seminary for boys was later built on the premises of the Propsteihof, making use of the building structure, which is now the seat of the Freising Diocesan Museum . The Andreasbrunnen from 1697 also reminds of the monastery. In addition, some manors of the canons have been preserved. The free-standing building - southwest of the Diocesan Museum - the former archive of St. Andrä has also been preserved.

people

Memorial stone for Placidus von Camerloher at the Diocesan Museum

One of the first canons was Batho von Freising . The bishops were awarded the title of provost to support their travel activities with the benefices associated with this dignity . It is not known whether they fulfilled their provost dignity in Freising.

Row of provosts

source

  • Rudolph, 1104
  • Gottfried, around 1125, 1129
  • Wichmann, 1129-1147
  • Otto von Moosen, 1147, † 1165
  • Henry I, 1168, 1170
  • Conrad I. Wittelzhofer, 1180-1198
  • Henry II, 1206, 1220
  • Friedrich von Schwabing, 1224, 1267
  • Emicho von Alzey, 1267, 1277
  • Gerhard von Alzey, 1283, † 1312
  • Conrad II von Ehrenfels , 1312–1341
  • Wernher, 1345, 1346
  • Conrad III. from Schaumberg, 1349
  • Ulrich I. von Massenhausen, 1354, † 1369
  • Conrad IV. Von Grunertshofen, 1369-1390
  • Hermann von Pillefeld, 1392, 1298
  • George I of Aresing, 1405, 1407
  • Hildebrand von Kammer, 1408, 1409
  • Johann I. Durlacher, 1410-1415
  • Henry III. Fleckel, 1415-1418
  • Johann II. Türndl, 1421, 1431
  • Heinrich IV. Fleckel, 1433, 1436
  • George II of Egling, 1436, 1437
  • Ulrich II of Nussdorf , 1440, 1444
  • Diepold Aichberger, 1445, † 1447
  • Johann III. Simonis, 1447-1461
  • Paul Neumaier, 1462-1471
  • Heinrich Baruther, 1471–1481
  • Conrad V. Kranz, 1484, † 1485
  • Markus Hörnlein, 1486–1517
  • Matthäus Hörnlein, 1517–1535
  • Hieronymus Busilidius, 1535–1558
  • Otto von Waldburg , 1558
  • Johann IV. Pfister, 1560–1562
  • Ludwig Schrenk, 1583–1608
  • Johann V Baptist Rembold, 1608
  • Rupert Auer, 1621
  • Melchior Klesl , 1627-1630
  • Ernst Adalbert von Harrach , 1630–1667
  • Andreas Hülling, 1668-1670
  • Andreas Graf von Lanterini, 1670–1707
  • Alexander Clemens von Scarlatti, 1707–1725
  • Christoph Ignaz Franz Benno von Eckher, 1725–1770
  • Josef Dominik von Taufkirchen, 1770–1772
  • Ernest Johann Nepomuk von Herberstein , 1772–1788
  • Franz Josef von Stengel, 1788
  • Ludwig Adam Graf von Ezdorf, 1789–1802 (Cathedral Chapter in Freising and Regensburg, Probst of St. Emmeram in Spalt , Grand Cross of the Order of St. Michael , Princely Freisingscher Hofkastner)

Well-known canons

building

Collegiate church

The Collegiate Church of St. Andrew was a Romanesque basilica with three naves . There were a total of ten altars in the interior. From 1756 the church was refurbished by Johann Baptist Zimmermann ( stucco ), Franz Xaver Wunderer ( frescoes ) and Ignaz Günther . Previously, paintings by Hans von Aachen , Peter Candid , Joachim Sandrart , Johann Sebastian Degler , Andreas Wolff and Franz Joseph Lederer were part of the equipment. Parts of the choir stalls and life-size figures of the apostles originated from the Gothic period . In the course of secularization , the church was closed on December 31, 1802 and later demolished. Ignaz Günther's high altar came to Partenkirchen and burned there in 1865.

Martin's Chapel

The chapel was built after the fire in 1159, which destroyed all the buildings on Toompea. The brick building was 12 m long and 8 m wide with an apse facing east . Within the monastery, the chapel served as a cemetery and parish church.

In the course of secularization, the chapel was profaned and used to store the fire fighting equipment. For this purpose, a new, larger gate was broken into the west side and the south entrance walled up. From the middle of the 19th century, the room served as the forerunner of today's Diocesan Museum. The works of art collected from the seminary were exhibited there before this exhibition was relocated to the southern cathedral tower. Ultimately, the building was used as a storage room for potatoes and cabbage.

When building an extension to the seminary (today Cardinal-Döpfner House) from 1900, consideration was given to the chapel. In 1959, however, it was demolished when the new extension was built, despite protests from several sides.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Frank G. Hirschmann, article Domannex pens , in: Historisches Lexikon Bayerns, available online
  2. ↑ Michael Hartig : Die Oberbayerischen Stifts , Volume II: The Premonstratensian Monasteries, the Altomünster and Altenhohenau Monasteries, the Collegiate Monasteries, the Order of German and the Order of Malta, the post-medieval wealthy medals and pens . Publisher vorm. G. J. Manz, Munich 1935, DNB 560552157 , p. 59.
  3. ↑ [1]
  4. ↑ Article on the former Peterskapelle
  5. ↑ Schematism of the Diocese of Passau, p. 15
  6. ^ Felix Joseph Lipowsky, Urgeschichten von München. With writings by Franz Storno, Volume 2, Munich 1815, p. 149, column 1
  7. ^ Report in the Freisinger Magazin Fink about the demolition of the Martinskapelle , issue 09/2009 (October) pp. 12-13 (PDF; 7.8 MB).

Coordinates: 48 ° 23 ′ 56.3 "  N , 11 ° 44 ′ 38.5"  E