Jänschwalde village

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Jänschwalde municipality
Coordinates: 51 ° 51 ′ 34 "  N , 14 ° 29 ′ 43"  E
Height : 64 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 690  (December 31, 2016)
Incorporation : October 26, 2003
Postal code : 03197
Area code : 035607

Jänschwalde-Dorf , Janšojce-Wjas in Lower Sorbian , is a district of the official municipality Jänschwalde in the Spree-Neisse district in Brandenburg . Until October 26, 2003, Jänschwalde-Dorf was an independent municipality that was administered by the Jänschwalde Office, today the place belongs to the Peitz Office .

location

Jänschwalde-Dorf is located in Lower Lusatia and forms the community center of the Jänschwalde community. The town of Peitz is about seven kilometers west and the town of Cottbus about 19 kilometers southwest of the village. Surrounding villages are Drewitz in the north, Jänschwalde-Ost in the northeast, Grießen in the east, the municipality parts Sawoda and Radewiese belonging to the municipality Heinersbrück in the southeast, the district Neuendorf in the municipality Teichland in the south, the town Peitz in the southwest and west as well as Preilack and Tauer in the north-west.

The residential areas Jänschwalde-Kolonie and Friedrichshof belong to Jänschwalde-Dorf . The village is separated from the colony to the east by the Puschelnitza moat. The state road L 502 and the Cottbus – Guben railway line run through Jänschwalde-Dorf .

Jänschwalde-Dorf is part of the Lusatian lignite mining area . The Jänschwalde open-cast lignite mine is located east of the village between Jänschwalde-Kolonie and Grießen. The Jänschwalde power plant is located southwest of the village, but administratively belongs to the neighboring municipality of Teichland.

history

Jänschwalde village was probably created in the 13th century by Wendish settlers. The Sorbian name Janšojce means in German that belonging to Jan and denotes a settlement on the Malxebogen under the direction of Jan. 1346 the place was first mentioned as a church village in the Meißner diocese articles as Gentzschwalde , which had to pay three groschen church tax to the diocese.

From 1357 the city of Peitz maintained a customs office near the place . Jänschwalde-Dorf belonged together with ten other villages to the Peitz Domain Office . The drainage and deforestation of the Malxebruch in the 17th century resulted in large arable land around Jänschwalde , which enabled good yields. In the 18th century, Saxon colonists were settled near Jänschwalde . At that time, Jänschwalde-Dorf was almost entirely Sorbian-speaking. This settlement resulted in today's Jänschwalde colony.

The church in Jänschwalde was built in 1806. In 1844 Jänschwalde had 556 inhabitants who lived in 89 buildings. There was a forester's house in the village, and Jänschwalde-Dorf and its district Jänschwalde-Kolonie were under the administration of the Cottbus Rent Office . In 1871 the place was connected to the Cottbus – Guben line of the Halle-Sorau-Guben Railway . The construction of the railway line as well as the work at as railway personnel created new jobs for many residents. In 1897 Jänschwalde was flooded, the same happened in 1926, 1930 and 1958, which meant bad harvests and thus high losses in those years . Until the end of the 19th century, Jänschwalde-Dorf was almost a purely Sorbian-speaking village; Arnošt Muka counted a total of 792 inhabitants for his statistics on the Sorbian population of Lusatia in 1884, 768 of whom were Sorbs (97%) and 24 were Germans. Since then, the number of Sorbian residents has declined, Ernst Tschernik determined a Sorbian-speaking population of 58.5% with 1,297 inhabitants in 1956.

Jänschwalde-Dorf was initially part of the Kingdom of Saxony and became part of the Kingdom of Prussia after the Congress of Vienna . There, the village was in the district of Cottbus in the administrative district of Frankfurt . On July 25, 1952, the Jänschwalde community was assigned to the newly formed Guben district in the Cottbus district . In the same year, the district Jänschwalde-Ost was built northeast of the village , which was laid out as a housing estate for the professional soldiers and employees of the National People's Army , which operated the Cottbus-Drewitz military airport nearby . After the reunification , Jänschwalde-Dorf was initially in the district of Guben and joined the Jänschwalde office on December 28, 1992 . In the course of the Brandenburg district reform of December 6, 1993, the community was assigned to the Spree-Neisse district . On October 26, 2003, Jänschwalde-Dorf was merged with the communities of Drewitz and Grießen to form the new community of Jänschwalde , the Jänschwalde office was dissolved and Jänschwalde part of the Peitz office .

Population development

Population development in Jänschwalde-Dorf from 1875 to 2002
year Residents year Residents year Residents
1875 743 1939 853 1981 2.137
1890 812 1946 1,282 1985 2.005
1910 853 1950 1,204 1989 2,539
1925 866 1964 1,904 1995 2,198
1933 854 1971 1.910 2002 1,797

Personalities

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Community and district directory of the state of Brandenburg. Land surveying and geographic base information Brandenburg (LGB), accessed on June 21, 2020.
  2. ↑ R. Lehmann: History of the turning point in Niederlausitz
  3. ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer : The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin. Age - origin - meaning . be.bra Wissenschaft, Berlin 2005, p. 83 .
  4. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the administrative district of Frankfurt ad O. 1844, p. 41 ( bsb-muenchen.de ).
  5. ↑ Ernst Tschernik: The development of the Sorbian population . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954, p. 72 .
  6. ^ Ludwig Elle: Language policy in the Lausitz . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1995.
  7. ↑ Jänschwalde-Dorf in the historical directory. Retrieved April 17, 2018 .
  8. ↑ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. (PDF; 331 KB) District Spree-Neisse. State Office for Data Processing and Statistics State of Brandenburg, December 2006, accessed on April 17, 2018 .