Jacob Zanusi
Jacob Zanusi (also Jakob , Jacopo , Giacomo ; also Zanussi , Zanussy , Zanus ; * 1679 in Buchenstein / Fodom ; † December 24, 1742 in Salzburg ) was an Austrian baroque painter .
Life
Jacob Zanusi was born as the son of the carpenter Johann Baptist Zanus in the hamlet of Col in Ornela in Buchenstein, Ladin . He received his first artistic training in 1696 from the Brixen court painter Nikolaus Weis. Nothing certain is known about his further training, possibly he learned from Giuseppe Alberti in Cavalese and on the occasion of a study visit to Venice from Johann Carl Loth .
In 1705 he appeared in Salzburg as a fully trained painter. Since this was the only way to stay and work for a foreign painter, he became a journeyman with the painter Johann Martin Schaumberger. On September 7, 1705 he married his eldest daughter Ursula and became court painter to the new Bishop of Seckau , Franz Anton Adolph von Wagensperg . He was an open-minded and art-loving patron who gave him access to the court and aristocratic circles. Zanusi lived with his family in Styria until 1708/09 and worked as court painter and steward at Seggau Castle , the seat of the Seckau bishops.
From the spring of 1709 he was resident in Salzburg again and gained access to circles of the court, particularly through Wagensperg's influence. In 1714 he was granted court protection by Archbishop Franz Anton von Harrach , which enabled him to work in competition with the guild painters with the permission of the sovereign and frequently earned him orders from the court.
Zanusi's first wife Ursula died on January 19, 1724 giving birth to their 13th child. In October of the same year he married Maria Ursula Theresia Kastner from Innsbruck, with whom he had six other children.
The 1730s were the high point of Zanusi's artistic work, he received large commissions and several times he was given the task of designing all the altars in a church. He was promoted by the new Archbishop Leopold Anton von Firmian and was friends with his nephew and chief steward , Franz Laktanz von Firmian . Another friendship connected him with the painter Paul Troger , who was called to Salzburg in 1727 and whose influence is evident in his works.
Zanusi suffered from illnesses again and again, for example in the winter of 1729/30 from a severe eye ailment, which almost made him blind, and in 1742 from a stomach ailment. On December 24th, 1742, at the age of 63, he died of a stroke and was buried in the Sebastian Cemetery in Salzburg .
To Zanusis works include portraits , mezzotints and especially altarpieces , which he created for numerous churches in the Archdiocese of Salzburg and neighboring areas. His work shows the influence of the Venetians , from Luca Giordano , Francesco Solimena , Johann Michael Rottmayr and from 1727, especially in the coloring, from Paul Troger. Zanusi played an important role in the development of Salzburg Baroque painting up to the end of the 18th century, his influence can be seen in the works of Benedikt Werkstätter , Peter Paul Perwanger , Pietro Antonio Lorenzoni , Matthias Siller , Joseph Ramsperger and Franz Xaver König .
Works
- eight large-format paintings in the dining room of Seggau Castle , around 1708
- High altar picture Transfiguration of St. Augustinus , Augustinerkirche Rattenberg , 1709 (attributed)
- Altarpiece St. Andreas Avellino , left side chapel and ceiling painting in the Kreuzkapelle of the Kajetanerkirche , Salzburg, 1712
- Murals with scenes from the life of St. Wolfgang, Wolfgang chapel , parish and pilgrimage church of St. Wolfgang , 1714
- Side altar paintings Finding the cross by St. Helena and Emperor Heraclius with the cross , St. Leonhard branch church, Holzhausen near Teisendorf , around 1715
- Altarpiece of the Coronation of Mary , Trinity Chapel (Viehhausen) , Viehhausen, around 1715
- Altarpiece, Filialkirche St. Brigida in Oelling, Henndorf am Wallersee , around 1715
- Side altarpiece communion of St. Maria Magdalena , Church of Santa Maria Assunta, Arco , around 1715
- Altarpiece instruction of Mary , miner's altar , parish church Rattenberg , 1718
- High altar picture hl. Leonhard , branch church St. Leonhard in Aufhausen, Piesendorf , 1718
- Side altarpiece hll. Joachim and Anna , pilgrimage church Maria Kirchental , 1719
- In the side niches on the high altar hll. Petrus and Paulus , Kajetanerkirche , Salzburg, 1720
- Side altar paintings St. Wenceslas and St. Johannes Nepomuk , Franciscan Church , Salzburg, around 1720
- Altarpiece of the Holy Kinship , parish church of St. Martin near Lofer , 1721
- High altar picture of the Assumption of Mary , parish church Gmünd in Carinthia , 1722
- Altarpiece hll. Sigmund and Helena in Adoration of Our Lady , Sighartstein Castle Chapel , around 1725 (attributed)
- Painting Death of St. Benedict and Martyrdom of St. Blasius , Admont Collegiate Church , around 1727
- High altar picture Glory of St. Virgil , Parish Church Rattenberg , 1728
- Altarpiece of the Sacrifice of the Virgin Mary and image of St. Joseph , left side altar, Schwaz parish church , 1730
- Side altarpiece St. Georg , Laufen Collegiate Church , around 1730
- Side altarpiece St. Trinity , Altötting Abbey Parish Church , around 1730
- Altarpiece St. Florian , Sacellum of the Old University , Salzburg, around 1730
- Altarpiece Immaculata , Baumburg Monastery , today in the Bavarian State Painting Collections , 1731
- Side altarpiece of the Annunciation , Parish Church of St. Andrä im Lavanttal , 1733
- High altar picture hl. Margaretha , parish church St. Margarethen im Lungau , 1733
- High altar picture hl. Michael in adoration before the Holy Trinity , Mattsee Collegiate Church , 1733
- Altarpiece of Pope Pius V in prayer in front of the Mother of God , Kajetanerkirche Salzburg, 1733
- Altarpiece of the Mother of God with angels and saints in the Prielau branch church for the Holy Trinity , transferred from the castle chapel to the church in 1733.
- Side altar paintings St. Sebastian and St. Anna and essay pictures, parish church Großgmain , 1734
- High altar painting Engelssturz , left side altar painting Seven Refuge , right side altar painting St. Johannes Nepomuk , Gnigl parish church , 1734–1738
- High altar pictures Adoration of the Mariahilf picture by the angels , St. Anthony of Padua , stigmatization of St. Francis , essay picture God the Father and St. Spirit , side altar paintings St. Joseph of Leonessa and Martyrdom of St. Fidelis von Sigmaringen , Capuchin Church Werfen , 1737
- High altar picture of the Assumption , side altar pictures hll. Barbara and Maria Magdalena , St. Johannes Nepomuk , St. Francis , St. Dominikus , top pictures, parish church St. Johann in Tirol , 1730/1740
- Side altarpiece St. Felix von Cantalizio and the Holy Family , Capuchin Church Radstadt , around 1740
- Altarpieces Holy Family , St. Antonius , Instruction of Mary , Mondsee Collegiate Church , 1741
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Zanusi, Jacob . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 59th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1890, p. 175 ( digitized version ).
- F. Martin: Zanusi (Zanussi), Jakob (Jacopo) . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 36 : Wilhelmy-Zyzywi . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1947, p. 411-412 .
- Edmund Blechinger: The Salzburg court painter Jacob Zanusi 1679–1742. In: Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Salzburger Landeskunde , 97 (1957), pp. 113-136. ( PDF on ZOBODAT )
- Kerstin Hederer: The Salzburg court painter Jacob Zanusi (1679–1742). In: Ladinia , Vol. XXIV-XXV (2000-2001), pp. 51-60. ( PDF; 3.5 MB )
- Johann Kronbichler: The artistic work of Jacob Zanusis. In: Ladinia , Vol. XXIV-XXV (2000-2001), pp. 61-88. ( PDF; 3.3 MB )
- Anna Walser: ZANUSI, Jacob. In: Artisti Italiani in Austria , University of Innsbruck, 2007
Web links
Notes and individual references
- ↑ Salzburg-St. Andrä: Death Book, Vol. I, p. 514, incorrectly in older sources 1755
- ^ Salzburg cathedral parish, marriage book V, p. 340 | ( online )
- ↑ Salzburg-St.Andrä, Trauungsbuch I, p. 217 | ( online )
- ^ Edmund Blechinger: The court painter Jacob Zanusi 1679-1742, in: MGSLK, vol. 97, p. 115.
- ↑ Reinhard Weidl: The churches of Rattenberg. Christian Art Centers in Austria, No. 564, Verlag St. Peter, Salzburg 2014 ( online )
- ^ Roland Peter Kerschbaum: Stiftspfarrkirche St. Michael in Mattsee. Christian Art Places in Austria, No. 520, Verlag St. Peter, Salzburg 2010 ( online )
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Zanusi, Jacob |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Zanusi, Jakob; Zanusi, Jacopo; Zanussi, Jakob; Zanussi, Jacob |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian baroque painter |
DATE OF BIRTH | 1679 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Buchenstein / Fodom |
DATE OF DEATH | December 24, 1742 |
Place of death | Salzburg |