Johann Michael Moscherosch

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Johann Michael Moscherosch , pseudonym Philander (born March 7, 1601 in Willstätt , † April 4, 1669 in Worms ), was a German statesman , satirist and educator in the Baroque period .

Life

Moscherosch grew up in Willstätt in Hanau-Lichtenberg on his parents' farm. At the age of 11 he went to high school in Strasbourg and then studied law , philosophy and literature at the university there. We owe the only eyewitness account of Caspar Brülow's theater performances to his diary entries . In September 1623, Moscherosch, under the chairmanship of Matthias Bernegger, defended his dissertation In C. Suetonii Tranquilli XII. Caesares diatribe XV . After receiving his master's degree on April 8, 1624, he enrolled at the University of Geneva . After completing his studies, Moscherosch first went on educational trips to France and Switzerland and then worked as a tutor . From 1631 to 1634 Moscherosch was one of the bailiffs of the Lutheran branch of the Counts of Kriechingen in Kriechingen and as such was employed in Saarwellingen , which at that time was half of Kreching . In 1636 the Pomeranian Duke von Croy-Arschot hired him as a bailiff of his share in the “six-lordship” Finstingen not far from Criechingen . This place, where Moscherosch had to assert the rights of his sovereign against the officials of the other five sovereigns, the Counts of Croy-Havre and the four lines of the Wild and Rhine Counts, in a small area , he held from 1635 to 1642. 1643 was he lived in Benfeld for a few months until his death, secretary to Friedrich Richard Mockhel , the Swedish resident in Alsace . He then worked until 1645 for the Benfeld commandant Colonel Friedrich Moser von Filseck († 1671). After these activities in the Lorraine border area, Moscherosch fled the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War to Strasbourg, where he was police chief and tax officer from 1645 to 1655. From 1656 he worked as legal advisor to Count Friedrich Casimir von Hanau . Due to financial mismanagement, the relatives of the count, especially the guardians of his nephews and successors, Duke Christian II of Pfalz-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld and Countess Palatine Anna Magdalena of Pfalz-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld , obtained compulsory administration of the county on the part of the emperor and secured a right for themselves on co-government. The count's advisors, including Johann Michael Moscherosch, were dismissed. After he had also been in the service of the Mainz Elector Johann Philipp von Schönborn , he moved to the Hesse-Kassel court in 1664 .

Moscherosch's lifetime spanned the entire Thirty Years War (1618–1648), the cruelty and excesses of which are also reflected in his work in detail.

Memorial plaque in Fénétrange

family

Johann Michael Moscherosch was the oldest of 11 children of the farmer Michael Moscherosch (1578–1636) and his wife Veronika Beck. A younger brother Quirinus Moscherosch became a Lutheran pastor. Moscherosch married the merchant's daughter Esther Ackermann (* 1602 in Frankenthal ) on September 9, 1628 , who died in the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War in December 1632. On August 20, 1633, Moscherosch married the civil servant's daughter Maria Barbara Paniel, who died of the plague in Lützelstein on November 6, 1634 at the age of twenty . On October 4, 1636 he married Anna Maria Kilburger (* 1615 in Finstingen , † 1694 in Frankfurt am Main ), a daughter of the clerk of Finstingen, Johannes Kilburg. These three marriages resulted in a total of fourteen children, many of whom did not survive childhood. One son, Johann Balthasar Moscherosch , became a Romanist and court librarian in Darmstadt. Moscherosch died on April 4, 1669 in Worms of "hot fever". He was on his way to see his son Ernst Bogislav (1637–1702), who lived in Frankfurt am Main and was a teacher at a Frankfurt grammar school.

plant

Part 2 of his Gesichte (1650) with the separate title page for the "Ala mode Kherauß"

Moscherosch published essays, poems and stories in Latin and German language under the pseudonym Philander of custom wood. The Strasbourg Sincere Fir Society , founded in 1633 by Jesaias Rompler and Johannes Freinsheim , counted alongside Johann Matthias Schneuber and Moscherosch among its most notable members.

In 1645 he was accepted into the Fruit-Bringing Society by Prince Ludwig I of Anhalt-Köthen . The dreaming was given to him as the company name and high things as the motto . Nightshade ( Solanum nigrum L. ) has been assigned to him as an emblem . Moscherosch's entry can be found in the Koethen society book under the number 436. There the rhyme law is also recorded, with which he thanks for the admission:

Nightshade tends to gently instill sleep,
and shows dreams on it, therefore I choose
the name with the herb: I want to flow
When I was earlier, when I told the dream
to dream more and more, by night and daylight
And with an open eye: It should be undisguised
What will dream of skill, my diligence, '
To that of the dreaming', I want a lot of high things.

Moscherosch's best-known work is Philander von Sittewald's miraculous and true stories, a collection of fourteen satirical stories published from 1640, an adaptation of the Spanish book Sueños by Francisco de Quevedo y Villegas . "Sittewald" is a rough anagram of Moscherosch's birthplace Willstätt. One of the stories, Soldiers' Life , was reissued in 1996 (see Newer Editions of Moscherosch Works ).

Des Knaben Wunderhorn by Clemens Brentano and Achim von Arnim contains a song by Moscherosch: The praiseworthy society Mosel - Saar .

In many German and French editions of the Baedeker travel guide before the Second World War, a sentence by Moscherosch on traveling was printed, the one with Philander von Sittewald. 1650 is signed.

Günter Grass lets Moscherosch appear in his story Das Treffen in Telgte from 1979.

Works (selection)

  • Wonderful satyrical faces Germanized by Philander von Sittewald. Strasbourg 1640 (other prints under different titles, e.g. Wonder bier and true stories of Philander von Sittewald. )
  • Insomnis cura parentum. Christian legacy or guilty provision of a faithful father. Strasbourg 1643.
  • (Ex.) Samuel Bernhardt: Instructions for an aristocratic life. Strasbourg 1645.
  • Güldner Zanck-Apfel, That is: Judicial and maturity-considered final judgment: So by the praiseworthy-lovely women people use and protection in secret advice Apollinis of the Parnassschen Rath-House concluded and read. Hoffmann, Nuremberg 1666. ( digitized version )
  • Centuria prima epigrammatum. Glaser, Strasbourg 1630. ( digitized version ) (6 volumes in total)
  • Alamodischer Politicus Which today's extras Machiavellian grip and arcana status suns clearly on day. Sampt the final Oration of the bawren on the Donaw. To the magistrate of Rome. Bingehn, Cölln 1647. ( digitized version )
  • (Ed.) Jacob Wimpheling: Tutschland Jacob Wympfflingers von Slettstatt, to Ere the place of Strasbourg and the Rinstroms. Strasbourg 1648.
  • (Ed.) Jacob Wimpheling: Catalogus episcoporum Argentinensium. Strasbourg 1651.
  • (Ed.) Georg Gumpelzhaimer: Gymnasma de exercitiis academicorum. Strasbourg 1652.
  • HMM Technologie allemande & françoise, that is art-customary word-teaching. German and French. Strasbourg 1656.

Newer editions

  • Visiones De Don Quevedo. Whimsical and true stories of Philander von Sittewald. Reprint of the original edition from 1642. Olms, Hildesheim u. New York 1974, ISBN 3-487-05288-1 .
  • Walter E. Schäfer (Ed.): Among robbers: Johann Michael Moscherosch "Soldiers Life". Braun, Karlsruhe 1996. ISBN 3-7650-8170-1 .

literature

  • Claudia Bubenik: "I am what you want". Values ​​and norms in Johann Michael Moscherosch's "Gesichten Philander von Sittewald". Lang, Frankfurt am Main a. a. 2001, ISBN 3-631-37381-3 .
  • Jürgen Donien: "As that sage says ...". Quotation functions in Johann Michael Moscherosch's "Gesichten Philander von Sittewald". Lang, Frankfurt am Main a. a. 2003, ISBN 3-631-39883-2 .
  • Gerhard Dünnhaupt : Johann Michael Moscherosch (1601–1669). In: Personal bibliographies on Baroque prints. Volume 4, Hiersemann, Stuttgart 1991, ISBN 3-7772-9122-6 , pp. 2849-2886 (list of works and literature).
  • Walter Gretz: On the way to Moscherosch. Fr.-Reinhard, Basel 2004, ISBN 3-7245-1323-2 .
  • Stefan F. Grunwald: A Biography of Johann Michael Moscherosch. Lang, Bern 1969.
  • Kenneth G. Knight: Johann Michael Moscherosch. Seventeenth-century satirist and moralist. Translated by Michael Amerstorfer. Academic publishing house, Stuttgart 2000 (Stuttgart work on German studies).
  • Walter E. Schäfer: Oh, so please my poor fatherland! German Schiller Society, Marbach 1982.
  • Walter E. Schäfer: Johann Michael Moscherosch. Statesman, satirist and educator in the Baroque age. Beck, Munich 1982, ISBN 3-406-08589-X .
  • Franz Muncker :  Moscherosch, Johann Michael . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1885, pp. 351-357.
  • Wolfgang Harms:  Moscherosch, Johann Michael. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-428-00199-0 , pp. 166-168 ( digitized version ).
  • Irene-Annette Bergs: [Catalog] Johann Michael Moscherosch. Baroque author on the Upper Rhine, satirist and moralist, [an exhibition by the Badische Landesbibliothek Karlsruhe in cooperation with the Stadtarchiv Offenburg], Karlsruhe: Badische Landesbibliothek, 1981, 100 pp.
  • Gerhard Römer; Christel Römer: On the difficulty of making Baroque writers understandable today, or a report on exhibitions and lectures at the Badische Landesbibliothek Karlsruhe in the baroque year 1981/1982 . In: Wolfenbütteler Barock-Nachrichten 9 (1982), pp. 389-392.

swell

  • Heinrich Schlosser: Moscheroschiana: Contributions to a representation of the life of Moscherosch during his repeated stay in the current district of Lorraine. Yearbook of the Society for Lorraine History and Archeology, Volume 25, 1913.

Web links

Wikisource: Johann Michael Moscherosch  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The sentence in the German and French-speaking Baedekern reads: "Whoever wants to travel, keep quiet, walk steadily, don't take much with you, start early in the morning and leave your worries home." see. z. B. Karl Baedeker: Handbook for travelers in Germany and the Austrian imperial state. Verlag Karl Baedeker, Coblenz 1853, p. II.
personal data
SURNAME Moscherosch, Johann Michael
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Philander (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German statesman, satirist and educator in the Baroque period
DATE OF BIRTH March 7, 1601
PLACE OF BIRTH Willstätt
DATE OF DEATH April 4, 1669
Place of death Worms