Karpniki
| Karpniki Fischbach |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lower Silesia | ||
| Powiat : | Jelenia Gora | ||
| Gmina : | Mysłakowice | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 51 ' N , 15 ° 52' E | ||
| Height : | 370-410 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 742 (2011) | ||
| Postal code : | 58-533 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 75 | ||
| License plate : | DJE | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Next international airport : | Wroclaw | ||
Karpniki ( German Fischbach ) is a place of the rural community Mysłakowice in the Polish Voivodeship of Lower Silesia .
geography
Geographical location
Karpniki is located about nine kilometers east of the municipality seat Mysłakowice (German Zillerthal-Erdmannsdorf ), about thirteen kilometers southeast of the district town of Jelenia Góra ( Hirschberg ) and 108 kilometers southwest of the voivodeship capital Wroclaw .
Karpniki is located at the northern foot of the Giant Mountains in the Hirschberg Valley . To the north and east are the Sokole Góry (Falkenberge) and the Landeshuter Kamm . To the north of the village lies the 654 m high local mountain Krzyżna Góra (Kreuzberg) .
Neighboring places
Neighboring places of Karpniki are in the northwest Łomnica (German Lomnitz ) and Wojanów ( Schildau ), in the north Bobrów (Polish Boberstein ) and Trzcińsko ( Rohrlach ), in the southeast Strużnica ( New Fischbach ) and in the southwest Krogulec (German Södrich ).
history
The village is first mentioned as Wysbach in 1300 . In the same year the village belonged to the Duchy of Jauer. In 1364 the Falkenstein Castle is mentioned for the first time on the Falkenberge, which was built to protect the Hirschberg Valley. In 1369 Clericus Bolczen was prince of the castle. Three years later the castle went to the Duchy of Schweidnitz-Jauer as a fief . The castle was destroyed in the 2nd half of the 15th century and not rebuilt. Remnants of the wall have been preserved to this day.
In 1393 the village was again mentioned as Vischbach . In 1399 a church was first mentioned in Fischbach. In 1438 the village became the property of Cuncze Bieler von Reichenbach. The Church of St. Hedwig was built in the 2nd half of the 15th century. In 1532 the Reformation entered Fischbach. The village church became a Protestant church in 1589. After the village and Fischbach Castle were defeated by the von Schaffgotsch family for a while , it was sold to Friedrich von Kanitz for 25,000 thalers in 1580 . The von Kanitz family owned the castle and the village of Fischbach until 1648. Fischbach Castle burned down in 1593 and was rebuilt a year later.
During the Thirty Years' War the village was badly devastated. In 1632, the plague struck the villagers, killing 55 people, including the castle owner Christoph Frederick von Kanitz. Between 1633 and 1634 Fischbach was looted and destroyed by imperial and Swedish troops. Until 1648 the estate was managed by the widow Lucrezia von Kanitz.
In 1651 the castle and the village of Fischbach changed hands to the von Winterfeld family. In 1652 peasant protests against serfdom broke out in the village . Around the same time there was a brewery, several water mills and ten fish ponds in the village. In 1654 the village church was "re-Catholicized". Evangelical services were held secretly in the surrounding woods. From 1709 Protestants from Fischbach were able to visit the Protestant Gnadenkirche in Hirschberg .
In the following decades, Fischbach and the castle changed hands several times. Between 1658 and 1679, Anne Elisabeth von Schönaich owned Fischbach. In 1679 the village changed hands to Count Balthasar von Hoynow, who sold it on in 1725. The Protestant church was built in Fischbach in 1748. Between 1777 and 1784 the village belonged to the Grüssau monastery . From 1787 to 1789 the Fischbach palace complex belonged to the Minister of State Karl Georg von Hoym . In 1789 the village became the property of Caspar Conrad Freiherr von Zedlitz. His grandson sold the village and castle in 1822 to Prince Wilhelm of Prussia , a brother of King Friedrich Wilhelm III. and Governor General of the Prussian Rhine Province . Under him, the palace was rebuilt in the neo-Gothic style in 1844 according to a design by Friedrich August Stüler . In this phase Fischbach experienced a cultural heyday. An art collection and a large library were set up in the castle. In addition, high-ranking guests stayed there in the summer months, including King Friedrich Wilhelm III., Tsar Nicholas I and Tsar Alexander II. In 1836 a new schoolhouse was built in Fischbach. After the death of Wilhelm von Prussia in 1851, the castle and the village of Fischbach came to this family through the marriage of their daughter Elisabeth to Prince Karl von Hessen-Darmstadt ; the castle remained in the ownership of the House of Hesse until 1945 .
In the second half of the 19th century, the village was very popular with tourists. There were two inns in the village. In the absence of the castle owner, the guests were able to visit the art collections in Fischbach Castle. In the course of time Fischbach became more and more a tourist destination, mainly due to its location in the Giant Mountains. In the interwar period there were more than 100 guest beds in the village.
In 1933 there were 968 inhabitants in Fischbach, in 1939 there were 1010 inhabitants. Between 1943 and 1945 numerous works of art were kept in Fischbach Castle, including the Darmstadt Madonna . Until 1945 Fischbach belonged to the district of Hirschberg in the Giant Mountains .
In 1945 the previously German town of Fischbach came under Polish administration and was renamed Karpniki and joined the Silesian Voivodeship. In 1950 the place was assigned to the Wroclaw Voivodeship. In 1999 the place came to the powiat Jeleniogórski .
Attractions
- Fischbach Castle - neo-Gothic castle construction
- Schlosspark - member of the garden culture trail on both sides of the Neisse
- St. Hedwig's Church - built in the second half of the 15th century
- Ruins of the Protestant church - formerly built in 1748 and destroyed in 1945
- Ruins of Falkenstein Castle
- Villa Anny Aichinger - built in 1878, today Pałac Dębowy
- Preserved cross of the memorial to the fallen of the First World War
Personalities
- Prince Wilhelm of Prussia (1783–1851), owner of Fischbach Castle
- Princess Marianne of Prussia (1785–1846) wife of Prince Wilhelm
- Adalbert von Prussia (1811–1873), Prince of Prussia, grew up in Fischbach
- Elisabeth of Prussia (1815–1885), Princess of Hesse-Darmstadt, grew up in Fischbach
- Waldemar von Prussia (1817–1849), Prince of Prussia, grew up in Fischbach
- Marie Friederike von Prussia (1825–1889), Queen of Bavaria, grew up in Fischbach
- Ulrich von Saint-Paul-Illaire (1833–1902), court marshal, builder of a villa in Fischbach
- Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Wander (1803–1879), German educator and proverb collector, was born in Fischbach
literature
- Hugo Weczerka (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical places . Volume: Silesia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 316). Kröner, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-520-31601-3 , pp. 94-95.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ CIS: Population figures in Poland, as of March 31, 2011
- ^ Administrative history - Hirschberg district in the Riesengebirge ( Memento from September 3, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Illustration from 1839: Fischbach Castle in Silesia ( digitized version )