Kanitz (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those of Kanitz

Kanitz or Canitz is the name of an old noble family of West Slavic origin from the margraviate of Meißen , Silesia and Upper Lusatia , which was also based in Prussia from the 15th century . His presumed ancestral seat in Canitz in Wurzen Abbey is in an old Sorbian settlement area - Wends . Already in the late 12th or early 13th century, another branch of the family (presumably coming from Brandenburg) settled in Norway and changed its family name to Kane - omitting the originally Slavic patronymic suffix -itz .

history

The exact origin of the sex cannot be determined with absolute certainty, as this can be traced around the turn of the 12th century both in Meißen and in Upper Lusatia and occurs early in several tribes whose connection, which has been proven through borrowing, can no longer be precisely determined is. Its earliest documented mention on August 2, 1185 in the form of Marcellus de Kanicz is located in Lausitz.

Margraviate of Meissen

In the margraviate of Meissen, the family with Konrad von Canitz first appeared in a document on November 9, 1214. There three places with this name with a secure genealogical reference to the family are proven:
(1) Canitz , which is located in the area of ​​the Wurzen Abbey , later became part of the immediately neighboring Thallwitz manor and is commonly declared in the genealogical literature to be the “ancestral home” of the family ,
(2) The Canitz manor , first mentioned in 1221 as the manor of Bero de Kaniz , located in the former Oschatz office near Riesa , which is probably the original Meißnian knight seat of the family, and (3) a place called Kanitz near Dommitzsch near Torgau , which was obviously given up at a later time, as it was called the " desert village mark" from the early 16th century . The oldest seal of the family can be found on a deed of Meissen based in Oschatz Ulcz of Canitz (previously also: Ulz de Canytz ) Amtshauptmann the men to Ileburg in Liebenwerda , which dates from 13 September 1347th

According to a document dated May 17, 1373, Duke Wenzelslaw von Sachsen authorized a bearer of the same name to exchange a plot of land near Mügeln near Oschatz with the Meissen Monastery . For the year 1389 a Bernhard von Canitz is supposed to be proven as lord of Watzschwitz (since 1500 Jahnishausen ) near Riesa .

Even in the 15th to 18th centuries, the Meissnian branch of the family remained mainly located in the Wurzen - Grimma - Oschatz area and was documented there for various periods of time as the owner of the following, mostly immediately neighboring manors or other lords: Thallwitz (until 1592), Püchau , Unteritzschka , Zschorna , Döben , Burkartshain , Mühlbach , Trebelshain , Sachsendorf , Streuben , Wäldgen , Treben , Gröppendorf and Mutzschen .

In 1458, Ullrich von Kanitz was named as the landlord of Treben , who offered the Rothenfeld estate to the Saxon Elector Friedrich II . The von Kanitz family provided several provosts of the monastery on the Petersberg near Halle as early as the 14th and 15th centuries . Johann von Kanitz (provost of this monastery from 1507 to 1538) should the Elector Friedrich III. of Saxony in 1522 to hold on to the Reformation .

Elsa (Elisabeth) von Canitz , daughter of Hieronymus von Canitz , from the Wurzen area, probably from Unternitschka or Thallwitz, was one of the nine nuns who lived in Holy Week in 1523 with the support of Martin , along with the later famous Katharina von Bora Luther's were able to flee from the Nimbschen monastery near Grimma ("nuns' escape"). Elisabeth initially stayed with her parents, which was made easier by the fact that they were resident in the territory of the aforementioned Lutheran-friendly elector. In a letter dated August 22, 1527, she invited Martin Luther to teach girls in Wittenberg with free board and lodging for a while and to be a role model for others. However, she did not comply with this request. Around 1537 she is proven in Grimma, where she owned a house.

According to older reports, Hans von Kanitz , court master of the Groitzsch monastery, had to resign during this time because of his transition to the Reformation confession, but was resigned.

Ulrich von Kanitz auf Treben and Michael von Kanitz are said to have been captured with the latter in 1547 as followers of the Protestant Elector Johann Friedrich I (the Magnanimous) of Saxony in the battle of the Lochauer Heide near Mühlberg .

Thallwitz Castle, 1st half of the 19th century

Around 1580, the Lords of Kanitz, who are documented as fief owners of Thallwitz between 1502 and 1592 , built a castle of the type of a Renaissance manor house there. The representatives of the line previously documented in Thallwitz ("Haus Dallwitz"), who have been mainly resident in Silesia since the end of the 16th century, now usually have their name with an addition that refers to this former manor house, but which occurs in different spellings (e.g. "Von Canitz zu Dalewitz" or "von Kanitz and Talowitz" and since the 18th century "von Canitz and Dallwitz").

The brothers Friedrich and Elias von Kanitz (Canitz) , who came from Thallwitz, were in the service of Albrecht I of Brandenburg-Ansbach as treasurers, councilors and envoys around the middle of the 16th century - regardless of their status as electoral Saxon feudal people . This was the last Grand Master of the Teutonic Order and the later founder of the Protestant Duchy of Prussia . Both brothers were inevitably involved - albeit in different ways - in the power struggles and intrigues that strained the relationship between the duke, who was under Polish feudal sovereignty, and the Prussian estates and ultimately led to the intervention of his Polish liege lord. They held a special position in that they did not come from the influential local nobility, but on the other hand were not counted among the growing group of foreign advisors and scholars with whom the duke liked to surround himself, but who were viewed by the estates as upstart were.

Stanislav Pavao Skalić or Paul Scalich alias Principe della Scala (1534–1574), a supposedly Protestant refugee of alleged Veronese origin, adventurer and scholar who, although actually coming from Croatia, was convincing one of the key figures in this dispute Boasted kinship to the duke. The chamberlain Friedrich von Kanitz , who had been in Prussian service since 1557, had expressly recommended his appointment to the ducal court in 1561. Scalich, who quickly rose to become the Duke's influential favorite, to whom Elias von Kanitz soon came into opposition, not only managed to secure extensive personal advantages (such as the acquisition of the Kreuzburg rule ). The disempowerment of all persons previously entrusted with higher offices in the duchy was also largely due to his instigation. Some of them were temporarily expelled from the country, which also applied to Elias von Kanitz , whom the duke had even declared to be his personal enemy.

For these and other reasons, at the insistence of the Prussian estates, a commission appointed by the Polish king and equipped with extensive powers, accompanied by Elias von Kanitz , brought about an extensive restoration of the previous situation in 1566 against the will of the duke. Some of the Duke's close advisers, the theologian Johann Funck and the councilors Matthias Horst and Johann Schnell , were sentenced to death and executed at the instigation of the commission. Paul Skalich , whose property was confiscated, had already left the country the previous year. A lawsuit brought by Elias von Kanitz against the duke before a newly created court was settled in 1566 in such a way that the duke undertook to pay him 2,000 thalers in cash and 8,000 thalers in goods. The Rastenburg office was not pledged to Elias von Kanitz , however, as the estates refused to do so because of his lack of nationality. Elias von Kanitz left Prussia in the following years and returned to his home in Meißniche.

Apparently largely unaffected by these events, his brother Friedrich von Kanitz developed for Duke Albrecht in the 1560s, mainly in his complicated Livonian affairs, as a special envoy to the parties involved, including the King of Poland and the Duke of Courland, in particular the Archbishop of Riga , Wilhelm von Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach , a brother of the duke, included extensive diplomatic activities. At that time he was mainly based on the former Livonian order castle Allschwangen ( Alsunga ) in what is now Latvia , which had been awarded since 1560 , where he had a school and a Lutheran wooden church built in 1567. After the Duke's death (1568) he was temporarily in the service of the regents for his underage son Albrecht II Friedrich and - with their consent - for the Duke of Courland, for whom he was ambassador at the Polish court until 1574, but then left this region for good.

He is likely to be identical to Friedrich von Kanitz (and Talowitz) of Meißnian origin, mentioned several times in the literature , who acquired 1580 for Fischbach ( Karpniki ) and Neudorf (Strużnica) near Hirschberg (Jelenia Góra) in Silesia, built at Fischbach Castle and died there in 1585 . This was inherited by his younger brother Elias , who died in 1590 , who - depending on the sources - is said to have been court councilor at Weimar or princely council at Liegnitz and whose tribe continued in the lines of Urschkau and Radschütz in Silesia.

As the electoral Saxon councilor and court master of August I of Saxony , Wolf von Kanitz directed the construction of Annaburg Castle from 1572 to 1575 .

Mutzschen Castle main entrance

Kanitze served the Saxon electors in the Thirty Years' War and in the Great Northern War . In the latter, the Royal Polish and Electoral Saxon General did Christoph Heinrich von Kanitz 1701 in defending the near Riga located Dünamünder Lair (1701) and the city of Thorn (1703) against superior and ultimately victorious forces of the Swedish King Karl XII. emerged. This Kanitz, who died in 1718, had Mutzschen Castle, which was completely destroyed by fire at the end of the 17th century, rebuilt in the baroque style in Mutzschen .

Around 1740 the family still owned the Treben , Mutzschen , Wäldgen (Waldingen), Streuben and Sachsendorf estates in the Meißnischen area .

The von Kanitz family, located in Meissen, died out in the 18th century.

Lordship of Storkow (formerly part of Niederlausitz)

Until 1506 a family v. Kanitz the watermill north of the center of Bugk ( Lkr. Oder-Spree , Brandenburg) on ​​the Wucksee river. In that year the mill was given to the v. Lawald in Klein Rietz (living space in the municipality of Rietz-Neuendorf , district of Oder-Spree) sold. The previous owner of the mill was the family v. Queis in Groß Schauen (today part of the city of Storkow (Mark) , Lkr. Oder-Spree), who owned the mill until 1489. When exactly the v. Kanitz bought the Bugker mill is not known.

The family v. Already before 1509 Kanitz had from the v. Queis also acquired the high and low jurisdiction over a farmer in Groß Eichholz (district of the city of Storkow (Mark)). In 1509 they sold this share back to the v. Lawald to Klein Rietz. Bugk and Groß Eichholz were then part of the Storkow lordship , which was still part of Niederlausitz around 1500 .

Upper Lusatia

Possible traces of gender in Upper Lusatia can also be found in the Görlitz area, where Kanitze were represented on the city council. In 1301 Heinrich and Wittig von Canitz turned the village of Reichenau to the Hospital of the Holy Spirit in Görlitz. Strange. Bernhardt von Kanitz was mayor of Görlitz around 1399, Andrea von Kanitz around 1458. A Görlitz councilor Franz von Kanitz is proven as late as 1622 .

Christoph Friedrich von Kanitz , the eldest son of the aforementioned Elias von Kanitz , who was also wealthy in Lower Silesia on Fischbach ( Karpniki ), is said to have fallen out of favor with the German Emperor Ferdinand II in 1620 and lost his lands in Lusatia - Rietschen - because he lived in the services of the newly elected Bohemian king, Elector Friedrich V of the Palatinate , had entered. In fact, Christoph Friedrich had accepted the offices of councilor and magistrate in Amberg and caretaker in Hirschau in the Electoral Palatinate .

Only through Otto Ludwig von Kanitz and Samuel Friedrich von Kanitz from the Prussian line of the family did the aristocratic family regain possessions in Upper Lusatia for a few decades in the 18th century.

Silesia

In Silesia the sex of Kanitz (Canitz) according to Sinapius be also been resident in the 12th century. So it seems - besides the line of Meißnian origin ("Haus Dallwitz") - to have already existed an earlier line of the family.

The name Niczke , Nitczke or Nitschke , which appeared several times in Glogau documents of the 15th century , is assigned to the family of von Kanitz of Meißnian origin in the genealogical literature. It can still be found in later times as a document added to the name of Silesian Kanitze. Thus, on March 10, 1418, a "merciful Nikkel Nitczke" is documented as the owner of Groß Würbitz (Wierzbnica) in the Freystadt district , who was court judge in 1422 and 1428 at the same time Zaudenrichter in Glogau ( Głogów ) and in 1440 appeared as a witness to his duke. The later Silesian representatives of the sex appeared in the older line Dieban, which was resident in the Duchy of Wohlau and which became extinct in 1617 in the male line, as well as in the younger lines Urschkau (Orsk) and Radschütz (Radoszyce). The latter go back to the half-brothers Hieronymus Augustinus (August) von Kanitz (on Urschkau) and Israel ( Posthumus ) von Kanitz (on Radschütz), both younger sons of the aforementioned Elias von Kanitz from the originally Meißnische Haus Dallwitz ( Thallwitz ).

Dieban Castle around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

Dieban (Dziewin) near Steinau an der Oder ( Ścinawa ) was acquired in 1508 by Friedrich and Siegmund von Kanitz ("Gebrüderen Nitzkern") in Porschwitz (Parszowice) through an exchange from the Münsterberg dukes Albrecht I and Charles I, who were then jointly ruling . In 1558 the "unseparated brothers" Lassel (Ladislaus) , Siegmund and Wolf built a castle there "in the good old German style", which remained in the possession of changing lines of the family until the end of the 17th century.

A descendant of the same name of the above-mentioned Friedrich von Kanitz auf Dieban was Vogt of the Leubus Monastery and was enfeoffed in 1541 with the monastery estate Gross-Sürchen (Żerków), which he inherited in a female line. His son, Gottfried von Kanitz made by Dieban acquired in 1552 (with purchase and Lehnbrief of 28 May 1553) from the last Bishop of the Mark Brandenburg belonging Bishopric of Lebus , John VIII. Horne castle in circles chasing ( Strzelin location), five Dominion "Halt Großburg" ( Borek Strzeliński ), which had belonged to the diocese since 1234, encompassing localities . The transfer took place "to the whole hand" with the involvement of Gottfried's brothers Friedrich, Ladislaus, Sigismund and Wolf von Kanitz . Renewed and expanded joint enfeoffments of the named took place - now through the Margrave Johann Georg von Brandenburg as administrator of the now reformed diocese - on April 14, 1556 and August 10, 1564. The latter also related to the distantly related brothers Friedrich, Elias and Hieronymus von Kanitz from the Meißnischen Haus Dallwitz as a fief candidate, to whose descendants from Haus Urschkau the hold of Großburg passed in the early 17th century and remained in the family's possession until the end of the 18th century.

The Lords of Kanitz on Großburg were accordingly Brandenburg feudal people . With reference to the resulting feudal obligations, they refused in later years the provision of corresponding services to the Imperial and Royal Oberamt in Wroclaw. The Großburgische possessions also represented an area of ​​the Reformed faith. When the Evangelical Church in Großburg was to be forcibly recatholized by appointing a priest in 1654 in the course of counter-reformation efforts in the Habsburg Empire , to which Silesia had belonged as the territory of the Bohemian crown since 1526, intervened at the complaint of the Hans Siegmund brothers , Melchior Friedrich and Georg Siegmund von Kanitz from the House of Urschkau, the Elector of Brandenburg was successful, to which, however, the fact that the Habsburg court at that time was dependent on the benevolence of the Brandenburg Elector had made a significant contribution. The church in Großburg still shows three alliance coats of arms of the von Kanitz family in its 17th century coffered ceiling in a heart formed by four fields . Großburg was owned by Kanitz until 1796.

On April 23, 1569, Duke Heinrich XI pledged . von Liegnitz various pensions and income of the Lübener Kreis ( Lubin ) initially to Christoph von Zedlitz auf Samitz, who however gradually transferred the pledge ownership to the brothers Sigmund , Friedrich , Johannes , Christoph and Wolfgang von Kanitz from the Dieban line June 1575 closed Lüben Castle and Office. It is also reported of Duke Karl Christoph von Münsterberg (Ziębice) that in 1569, shortly before his death, he temporarily pledged his duchy to four lords of Kanitz.

In 1582 Duke Friedrich IV of Liegnitz issued a loan letter to the brothers Friedrich and Wolf von Kanitz , lords of Dieban and Großburg, about the rule of Samitz (Zamienice), which also included the Vorhaus (Jaroszówka) castle. A Johannes (Hans) von Kanitz auf Dieban acquired the property Stephansdorf (Szczepanów) near Neumarkt ( Środa Śląska ) through marriage in 1585 , which he expanded through purchases. After his early death (1594), both properties passed to his son of the same name, who, however, died in 1617 before he was 24 years old. A life-size grave memorial of this is preserved in the parish church of St. Stephen (Kościół św. Szczepana) in Stephansdorf, which probably originates from the workshop of the Dutch sculptor Gerhard Hendrik , who has been based in Wroclaw since 1587 .

In 1671 Johann Sigismund von Kanitz also acquired the Gugelwitz (Gogołowice) property in the Lüben district on Radschütz and Großburg, which remained in the family's property until 1732. His son Ferdinand von Kanitz donated a tower to the church there in 1717. In the 17th and 18th centuries the following goods were also owned by Kanitz: Ellguth (Ligota) in the Oels district (Powiat Oleśnicki), Zobel (Sobolew) and Poselwitz (Postolice) in the Jauer district (Powiat Jaworski) and Züchen ( Ciechanow) and collieries (Czechnów) in the district of Guhrau (Gòra) near Radschütz.

In the 17th century, Silesian Kanitze were temporarily enrolled as students in Leiden , Padua and Siena as part of their customary “peregrinatio academica” .

The already mentioned Hieronymus Augustinus von Kanitz on Urschkau and Großburg began in 1603 with the construction of the castle in Urschkau, which his grandson, Melchior Friedrich ( baron since 1664 ) von Kanitz (Canitz) on Urschkau and Großburg, is said to have built so splendidly around 1660, that from the outside and from the inside it was "more like a count than a noble Palatio ". This was councilor and governor in the Duchy of Brieg , court marshal of Duke George III. von Liegnitz and Brieg until his death (1664), then was in the service of Christian von Wohlau and Brieg and in 1669 was appointed by the Great Elector to the Brandenburg Privy Council and Ober-Hofmarschall.

The Silesian line of the family (baronial line) which was raised to the royal Bohemian baron status by Emperor Leopold I on March 19, 1664 and which goes back to the aforementioned Melchior Friedrich von Kanitz (Canitz ) expired in 1788. One of the aforementioned Israel ( Posthumus ) from Kanitz descended sideline, however, under the continuation of the baron title, which was not objected to in Prussia, had its name since the end of the 18th century at the latest - probably to differentiate it from other lines of the family - in the spelling "von Canitz and Dallwitz". Her comes from the Prussian general, diplomat and Minister Karl Ernst Wilhelm von Canitz and Dallwitz (1787-1850), who in the pre-March temporarily for closer environment of the Prussian King William IV. Mattered.

Prussia

At the latest since the end of the 15th century, a line of Meissnian origin has been resident in the Land of the Order and later Duchy of Prussia , which was raised to the rank of count by the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm II on June 5, 1798 (count line). It can be traced back in direct line to a Hans von Kanitz , who was led by Grand Master Johann von Tiefen of the Teutonic Order in 1491 with the nearby Wargen in the district in exchange for the temporarily granted lien in the town of Allenburg in the Wehlau district Fischhausen near Königsberg ( Kaliningrad ) was enfeoffed Mednicken estate , which was owned by the family until 1945. The representatives of this line adopted the spelling "Kanitz", which is also predominant in the relevant literature.

The settlement in the later eponymous eastern province of the Kingdom of Prussia - like a number of other aristocratic families of imperial German origin (e.g. Dohna , Eulenburg , Finckenstein , Lehndorff or Schlieben ) that had acquired real estate there since the end of the Middle Ages - responded to the increasing need for recruiting of the order, which in particular used the regions of Pomerania, Saxony, Lusatia, Bohemia and Lower Silesia to recruit knight mercenaries. Since the maintenance of a mercenary army was very expensive, the desolate financial situation of the order in the 15th century meant that it had to settle outstanding wages in many cases - as here - by enfeoffing it with land.

Several representatives of the Kanitz dynasty are documented who had already answered the call of the Teutonic Order to arms at the beginning of the 15th century. According to the order's pay books for the years 1410/1411, Hannus von Kanicz was taken prisoner as a Meißnian order mercenary presumably only recently recruited during the Battle of Tannenberg (1410) . There is also documentary evidence of a Hans von Canicz , who belonged to several mercenaries who stood up in 1436 to the Grand Master Paul von Rusdorf for the payment of Heinrich von Maltitz . Furthermore , three representatives of the Kanitz dynasty are listed in a list of the mercenary captains who served the order in the Thirteen Years War of Cities (1453–1466).

In the 16th century, the family was able to own their Samland land by acquiring the neighboring estates of Mühlfeld, Boxinen (later Bugsienen), Placklauken (later mushroom jug), Rosignaiten , Katzenblick, Saggehnen, Strittkeim , Kattersgut, Dommelkeim , Warglitten, Wilgaiten , Alkehnen, goldsmiths and shrines expand quite considerably, but this was largely lost again in the course of the 17th century, due to inheritance divisions customary at the time or sales. In addition, there were u. a. also the goods Kraftshagen, Maxkeim and Schwaraunen in the district of Bartenstein and Sauerwalde in the district of Ragnit and Hohenwalde in the 16th and 17th centuries in feudal or allodial possession of various members of the family. The Lords of Kanitz were the governors of Barten , Balga , Rastenburg , Brandenburg and Riesenburg and served the Electors of Brandenburg-Prussia and later the Prussian kings as diplomats, tribunal advisers (judges) and officers.

Friedrich Rudolph Ludwig von Canitz

With regard to this line, the Brandenburg diplomat, secret council , state minister and well-known resident of Blumberg , Eiche, Helmsdorf and Dahlwitz in the district of Klein-Barnim in the Mark Brandenburg , who was elevated to the status of imperial baron by Emperor Leopold I on January 6, 1698, should be emphasized Baroque poet Friedrich Rudolph Ludwig von Canitz (1654–1699), whose descendants all died in childhood.

Also to be mentioned is Major General Christoph Albrecht von Kanitz (1653–1711), who came from Mednicken and who took part in the Campaign at Cassano (1705) in the Northern Italian campaigns of the War of Spanish Succession and who led the electoral Brandenburg contingent in 1710/11.

Historical representation of Hainewalde Castle around 1840

His son, the Prussian chamberlain Samuel Friedrich von Kanitz (1689–1762), while maintaining his Prussian possessions, settled in Upper Lusatia , from whom his wife (Christiane Tugendreich von Kyaw ) descended, whose property Hainewalde near Görlitz he had acquired from her. He had followed his uncle, Colonel Otto Ludwig von Kanitz (1661–1724) from the Electorate of Saxony , whose lively building activity - Otto Ludwig and his wife Victoria Tugendreich von Kyaw, together with his wife Victoria Tugendreich von Kyaw , had already built churches in Hainewalde , Have Niederoderwitz and Spitzkunnersdorf built as well as a family crypt - Samuel Friedrich continued with the construction of the New Palace in Hainewalde. Following a testamentary order from Samuel Friedrich, his Prussian possessions (Mednicken, Mühlfeld and Boxinen), which were the subject of a Fideikommiss established by him in his will, fell to a descendant of the younger Prussian line (Henning Friedrich von Kanitz) after the early death of his son, who died childless in 1778. . This line goes back to the Brandenburg colonel Elias von Kanitz (1622–1674), who in 1663 had acquired the Podangen estate near Wormditt ( Orneta ).

Podangen around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

This Kanitz, a great-uncle of Samuel Friedrichs, had entered the army of Duke Bernhard von Sachsen-Weimar in 1638 at the age of 15 , which after his death (1639) was transferred to the French service as a "German brigade". He therefore took part in the regiment of the Baltic German Colonel von Rosen in the final phase of the Thirty Years War on the French side under the leadership of Marshals Guébriant and then Turenne at the battles near Tuttlingen (1643), Freiburg (1644), Mergentheim (1645) and Zusmarshausen (1648) ) and served in the subsequent military clashes between the French royal family and the Fronde until 1651 - most recently as Rittmeister - in various associations loyal to the king. After that, he was in the service of Kurbrandenburg as commander of a dragoon regiment in the Second Northern War in the Battle of Warsaw (1656) and the battles for the island of Funen (1659).

His son, Friedrich Wilhelm von Kanitz (1656–1719), initially held the office of District Director and Captain of Brandenburg , was appointed Really Privy Councilor and "Obermarschall" in 1706 and then in 1711 "Oberburggrafen" - for the last two offices mentioned were the government functions of the Province of Prussia from the time of the former Duchy of Prussia located in Königsberg . He built the manor house in Podangen in 1701 .

One of his sons was the Prussian lieutenant general Hans Wilhelm von Kanitz (1692–1775), whose infantry regiment No. 2 ("von Kanitz" ) was at the battles near Groß-Jägersdorf (1757), Zorndorf (1758 ) in the Seven Years' War (1756–1763) ), Kay (1759), Kunersdorf (1759), Torgau (1760), the battle near Döbeln (1762) and the battle of Freiberg (1762). Carl Wilhelm Alexander Graf von Kanitz (1745-1824) on Podangen, Wickerau, Paulken, Carneyen, Wilknitt , Lichtenfeld, Arnau , Pluttwinnen and, since 1791, Mednicken was a grandson of the Oberburggrave (who was raised to the Prussian count status in 1798) .

One of the sons of the latter was the Prussian Lieutenant General August Wilhelm Karl Graf von Kanitz (1783-1852), who after the March Revolution of 1848 at the insistence of King Friedrich Wilhelm IV. Was appointed minister of war to the newly formed bourgeois cabinet Camphausen - Hansemann , which in its original composition only existed for a short time. His son, Rudolf Friedrich Wilhelm Graf von Kanitz (1822–1902), resident at Schloss Schmuggerow (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania) since 1865, was promoted to major general in 1871 and - as an officer à la suite in the army - was given the character of lieutenant general in 1875.

The royal Prussian higher regional judge Ernst Wilhelm Graf von Kanitz (1789–1869), a younger brother of the Minister of War, was involved in the Königsberg religious dispute and in the subsequent so-called "Mucker Trial" (1835–1842) against the pietistic theologians Johann Wilhelm Ebel and Georg Heinrich Diestel , who had caused a stir far beyond Prussia's borders, publicly stood up for the accused.

Have emerged in the German policy of well-known member of parliament of the German Conservative Party Hans Graf von Kanitz-Podangen (1841-1913) and his son Gerhard Graf von Kanitz-Podangen (1885-1949), who in the years 1923-1926 as Reich Minister of Food the Cabinets Stresemann , Marx and Luther belonged as a non-party member.

An older half-brother of the minister was the German General Staff in World War I in Persia used to ward off since the end of 1914 advancing Russian troops, in January 1916 in the mountains around Kangavar , Persia , as missing reported extraordinary military attache Georg Karl Emil Graf von Kanitz-Podangen (1877–1916), Rittmeister d.Res. in the 2nd Guard Uhlan Regiment . As a result of private trips carried out in the pre-war years, which were primarily based on archaeological and cultural interests, he was well acquainted with the situation in Persia and therefore had good personal relationships with the nomad tribes there. Standing under the command of General Field Marshal Colmar von der Goltz and Colonel Arthur Bopp - in addition to the other subversive activities initiated in the German interest in the Middle East by Werner Otto von Hentig , Oskar von Niedermayer and Wilhelm Wassmuss - from Captain Rudolf Nadolny , the head of the Politics Section of the German General Staff to organize the defense of western Iran against Russian forces with the Persian gendarmerie and local tribal associations trained and led by pro-German Swedish officers . After initial successes, however, these efforts failed, which was mainly due to the military superiority of the opposing formations, the lack of promised German deliveries of money, weapons and ammunition, and the lack of reliability of individual tribes. Kanitz, who had been given a high bounty from the English side, was probably murdered according to recent research when he, wounded after an unfavorable battle, sought out a tribal leader he knew near Kangavar.

A younger half-brother of the aforementioned was Major General Hans Theodor Friedrich Karl von Kanitz (1893–1968), who - probably due to his strong religious commitment and his leading role in a group of Christian officers (so-called "Sternbriefkreis"), from which today's " Cornelius Association (CoV) - Christians in the Bundeswehr eV " emerged - released from the Wehrmacht after the assassination attempt on July 20, 1944 , arrested a short time later and taken to the Reich Main Security Office in Berlin for several weeks in solitary confinement .

Cappenberg Castle around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

According to the Genealogical Handbook of the Nobility (GHdA), the count's branch of the family is now divided into three lines: the older Mednicken line, originally based on Podangen and Mednicken, which goes back to the Reichstag member Hans Graf von Kanitz-Podangen , the Mecklenburg line Line ", which was founded by his younger brother Konrad Erich Rudolf von Kanitz (1844–1901), Melkof (Ludwigslust-Parchim district, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania), as well as the" Cappenberg Line ", whose progenitor was Lieutenant General Alexander Karl Richard Graf von Kanitz (1848–1940), another brother of the former, was. The last-mentioned line was initially located on Saskoschin and Dommachau near Danzig in the former province of West Prussia . This line owes its name to the fact that the Freiherrlich vom und zum Stein'schen possessions (in addition to a forest estate in Nassau (Lahn) , the ancestral seat of the imperial barons vom and zum Stein, and a winery in Lorch (Rheingau) primarily the castle and forest estate Cappenberg near Lünen , Unna district , Westphalia ) were acquired by this line in the following generation by way of inheritance. The current master of Cappenberg is Sebastian Graf von Kanitz (* 1971).

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the Counts of Kanitz from 1798 with the Prussian eagle as the 3rd crest
Coat of arms of the imperial baron Friedrich Rudolph Ludwig von Canitz (issued imperially in 1698) with the imperial eagle on the heart shield and as the third crest
  • The family coat of arms shows a red St. Andrew's cross angled by four red roses. On the helmet with red and silver covers, a tournament hat trimmed with ermine, on it a golden wheel with eight golden torches , often referred to as lanterns .
  • The count's coat of arms shows a red St. Andrew's cross on a silver background, angled by four five-petalled red roses . Three helmets with red and silver covers rise above them as heraldic decorations. The right helmet wears a hermelin-trimmed purple princely hat, on it a 6-spoke wheel equipped with 8 burning torches. Above the middle helmet there is a crowned Prussian black eagle (without scepter and orb), the wings of which are covered with golden clover stems. On the left helmet rests a pointed hat cut in five rows, trimmed with fur and over a golden button with three vulture feathers in red, gold and black. The heraldic shield is flanked by two armored men with belted swords, whose helmets are decorated with three ostrich feathers in red, silver and red when the visor is open and each holding a tournament lance decorated with a tassel in the right or left hand.

It is worth mentioning the partial correspondence between the form and color of the coat of arms of the von Kanitz and that of the Count von Gützkow (formerly also Gutzkau), which died out in the middle of the 14th century , and which after the fall of the lent county to the dukes of Pomerania was inserted into the nine-field coat of arms of the Duchy of Pomerania and at the same time is the origin of today's city coat of arms of Gützkow in Western Pomerania. The background of this similarity to the coat of arms, which does not apply to both coat of arms colors, is not known. On the other hand, based on the seal that has been preserved, it is certain that the Kanitz family coat of arms was used before the Count of Gützkow died out. The combination of the colors red and silver (often also red and white for the sake of simplicity) on which this coat of arms is based was and is widespread in the Franconian area (cf. only " Franconian rake "). This could indicate an origin of the gender from the former Franconian area and the subsequent adoption of a Sorbian place name in the course of the German settlement in the east . The available sources do not provide any evidence for this.

The view that the name "Kanitz" should be derived from the Sorbian word for "vulture" ( "... because Wendisch Kanetz or Kania is called a Geyer") , which probably goes back primarily to Schöttgen and is often represented by later authors, is unlikely to have a secure basis ). According to the same authors, this is said to have been the reason for showing a vulture's feather as a crest.

Also noteworthy is the identity of the coat of arms with the Scottish house Lennox , whose name can be traced back to around 1200.

Known family members

literature

Web links

Commons : Kanitz  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Occasionally, members of this sex also used the spelling "Kanewitz", for example. B. in the case of Dietrich and Salomon von Kanitz , who are referred to under this name in a document dated June 22, 1535 (see Old Prussian monthly of the Prussian provincial papers, ed. Reicke / Wiechert, 7th volume, Königsberg 1870, p. 103, No. 205); likewise a Georg von Kanitz is listed once in another Prussian document dated April 14, 1546 as "Jorge Kanewitz".
  2. ↑ See Tarald Kane (d . Date unknown). In: familytreemaker.genealogy.com. Retrieved March 25, 2014 . ; H. Tusberg, Et Kongelig sidesprang ?, in: Norsk Slektshistorisk Tidskrift, Volume 33, Part II, 1991, p. 208, overview 2; S. Wulffsberg, in: Langs Lagen, Lokalhistorisk Lesebok for bygdene og byene lang Numedalslagen, No. 4, 1982, p. 140.
  3. ↑ This primeval Norwegian family, presumably extinct in the male line in the late 15th century, has demonstrably a coat of arms identical to the coat of arms of those of Kanitz, s. under "Kane" in noble coat of arms from the Middle Ages. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on January 21, 2014 ; Retrieved March 25, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.danbbs.dk
  4. ↑ Cf. on this Kneschke : Neues Allgemeine Deutsches Adels-Lexicon . Volume 2, Leipzig 1860, p. 209.
  5. ↑ codex diploma. Saxoniae regiae, 1st main part, 2nd volume, Leipzig 1889, p. 351.
  6. ↑ a b by Canitz. In: schlossarchiv.de. Retrieved March 25, 2014 .
  7. ↑ A historical reference to the district of Käbschützal , located southwest of Meißen, called “ Canitz ” (formerly “Konenuitz”) - cf. also Canitz in historical digital gazetteer of Saxony - is not detectable. The same should apply to the place name " Cannewitz ", which occurs both as a district of the city of Grimma and - several times - as a district of communities in the Bautzen area in Upper Lusatia , even if its spelling may have been "Kanitz" in the meantime in individual cases (e.g. B. Cannewitz (Panschwitz-Kuckau) and a common linguistic and historical origin that is sometimes claimed in literature (cf. Schöttgen) cannot be excluded.
  8. ↑ Former spellings also “Kanycz” or “Kanitz”, cf. Canitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  9. ↑ Previously different spellings were “Talwiz”, “Talewizc” or “Dallwitz”, cf. Thallwitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  10. ↑ Christian Schöttgen : History of the Chur-Saxon Stiffts-City of Wurtzen. Leipzig 1717, p. 734.
  11. ↑ Cf. Canitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  12. ↑ Cf. Otto Titan v. Hefner : Register of the flourishing and dead nobility in Germany. First volume, Regensburg 1860, p. 216; M. Carl Samuel Hoffmann, Historical Description of the City, the Office and the Diöces of Oschatz ("Hoffmann'sche Chronik"), on "Canitz" in Theil II, Second Department, Oschatz 1813/1873 (cf. in particular the text under footnote 10 ) online
  13. ↑ See Kanitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  14. ↑ Gersdorf (Ed.), Document book of the Hochstift Meißen, 1867, Volume 2, p. 141.
  15. ↑ See Jochen Gutte, Chronik Jahnishausen, published by Accademia Dantesca Jahnishausen eV, Chronik. In: adj.de. Retrieved March 25, 2014 .
  16. ↑ Ritter, Die Klosterkirche on the Petersberge near Halle, in: Zeitschrift für Bauwesen, 1858, Volume VIII, p. 38.
  17. ↑ Quotation: “... because I thought I needed you to teach young Maigdelein and to look at others for example through your work. With me you should be at home and at table, so that you shouldn't have to worry about driving or driving, so I ask that you don't want such things for me. "Source: Dr. Martin Luther's mixed German writings, critically and historically edited from the oldest editions by Dr. Johann Konrad Irmischer, German letters, first volume. Frankfurt am Main and Erlangen, Verlag von Heyder & Zimmer, 1853.
  18. ^ Martin Treu : Katharina von Bora. 8th edition. Drei Kastanien Verlag, Lutherstadt Wittenberg 2011, p. 20.
  19. ^ Johann Friedrich Gauhe : The Holy Roman Empire Genealogisch-Historisches Adels-Lexikon. Volume 1, Gleditsch, 1740, p. 321.
  20. ↑ Jakob Christoph Iselin , Jacob Christoff Beck , August Johann Buxtorff: Neu-Vermehrtes Historisch- und Geographisches Allgemeine Lexicon. 3. Edition. Basel 1742–1744, 6 volumes, Volume 1, p. 728.
  21. ↑ See in particular: Schlösser um Leipzig. ed. from the Friends of Crafts and Monument Preservation Schloss Trebsen eV by Alberto Schwarz, EA Seemann Verlag, Leipzig, 1993, p. 187f. According to this source, Thallwitz is said to have emerged from an episcopal table and was first mentioned in a document from Charles IV in 1346 ; However, it was not until 1502 that it became a fiefdom and manor house. These details probably go back to Christian Schöttgen, Historie der Chur-Saxon Stiffts-Stadt Wurtzen, Leipzig 1717, p. 734 f., Who mentions Ludwig (von) Canitz in 1502 as the first fiefdom owner of Thallwitz. However, this contradicts other sources , according to which Thallwitz was mentioned as "Talvitz" as early as 1253 in a document from the Margrave of Meißen and is said to be the seat of Heinricus de Talwiz in 1266 , to whom the von Dallwitz family can be traced back.
  22. ^ For example, Christian Schöttgen, History of the Chur-Saxon Stiffts-Stadt Wurtzen, Leipzig 1717, p. 734.
  23. ↑ Elias von Canitz , presumably identical to the latter , was matriculated in Wittenberg in 1544; see. Cod. Pal. germ. 606, Count Palatine Johann Kasimir von Pfalz-Lautern: Stammbuch, (29r), p. 4 online (PDF; 102 kB)
  24. ^ Eduard Heinel : History of the Prussian State and People, edited for all classes. Second volume: History of the Margraviate of Brandenburg and the Duchy of Prussia up to the outbreak of the Thirty Years War. Berlin 1838, Duncker and Humblot publishers, p. 60.
  25. ^ Eduard Heinel: History of the Prussian State and People, edited for all classes. Second volume: History of the Margraviate of Brandenburg and the Duchy of Prussia up to the outbreak of the Thirty Years War. Berlin 1838, Duncker and Humblot, p. 56.
  26. ^ Eduard Heinel: History of the Prussian State and People, edited for all classes. Second volume: History of the Margraviate of Brandenburg and the Duchy of Prussia up to the outbreak of the Thirty Years War. Berlin 1838, Duncker and Humblot, p. 67.
  27. ↑ Ludwig von Baczko : History of Prussia. Third volume, 11th book, Königsberg 1794, Verlag Friedrich Nicolovius, p. 208.
  28. ↑ There he acquired the knight's seat Döben near Grimma, for which an acquirer of the same name is recorded in 1569. In 1580 this property went to Messrs. V. Schönfeld . In later years Elias von Kanitz was found in Fischbach ( Karpniki ) in Silesia, which he inherited from his brother Friedrich, who died there in 1585.
  29. ^ References from Stefan Hartmann (arrangement), Duke Albrecht of Prussia and Livonia (1565–1570), registers from the Herzogliche Briefarchiv, Cologne et al. 2008.
  30. ^ A b Friedrich August Müller, Vaterländische Bilder in a history and description of the old castle festivals and knight palaces of Prussia, First Part, Glogau 1837, p. 424.
  31. ↑ He inherited Fischbach Castle in turn to his eldest son, the Electoral Palatinate treasurer Christoph Friedrich von Kanitz (and Talowitz) , who had the castle renovated and expanded after a fire, but died after 1620 without a male heir (see Leopold v. Ledebur (ed .), General Archive for the History of the Prussian State, Volume Two, Berlin Posen Bromberg, 1830, p. 299).
  32. ↑ Jakob Christoph Iselin, Jacob Christoff Beck, August Johann Buxtorff: Neu-Vermehrtes Historisch- und Geographisches Allgemeine Lexicon. 3. Edition. Basel 1742–1744, 6 volumes, Volume 1, p. 411.
  33. ^ Ingetraut Ludolphy , Friedrich the Wise, Elector of Saxony 1463–1525, Leipzig 2006, p. 131.
  34. ^ Forester: Friedrich August II., King of Poland and Elector of Saxony: his time, his cabinet and his court. Potsdam 1839, p. 103; Further information on the career of Johann Friedrich Gauhe: Des Heiligen Römischen Reichs Genealogisch-Historisches Adels-Lexikon. Volume 1, Gleditsch, 1740, p. 322.
  35. ^ Johann Friedrich Gauhe: The Holy Roman Empire Genealogisch-Historisches Adels-Lexikon. Volume 1, Gleditsch, 1740, p. 320
  36. ^ Joachim Schölzel: Historical local lexicon for Brandenburg. Part IX Beeskow-Storkow. Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1989, ISBN 3-7400-0104-6 , p. 50.
  37. ^ Joachim Schölzel: Historical local lexicon for Brandenburg. Part IX Beeskow-Storkow. Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1989, ISBN 3-7400-0104-6 , p. 67.
  38. ↑ So at least Johann Friedrich Gauhe: Des Heiligen Römischen Reichs Genealogisch-Historisches Adels-Lexikon. Volume 1, Gleditsch, 1740 p. 322 f. However, the affiliation of the aforementioned "Görlitzer Kanitze" to the noble family of the same name as well as the use of their coat of arms by them is not undisputed in the literature. So z. B. von Walter von Boetticher , History of the Upper Lusatian Nobility and its Goods 1635–1815 (4 volumes), 1912–1914, II. Dept., p. 142 represent the opposite view. See also family name register for the coat of arms collection by Carl Leo Külp, ed. by Hans-Jürgen Kernchen, Hildesheim 1988, capsule 57: Canitz, from Canitz with further references
  39. ↑ So including Johann Friedrich Gauhe: Des Holy Roman Empire Genealogisch-Historisches Adels-Lexikon. Volume 1, Gleditsch, 1740, p. 323.
  40. ↑ Johann Sinapius : Silesian curiosities therein the respectable families of the Silesian nobility. (hereinafter referred to as “Silesian Curiosities Part I”), Leipzig 1720, p. 313.
  41. ↑ so at least: Johannes Sinapius: Des Schlesischen Adels Anderer Part or continuation of Schlesischer Curiositäten. (hereinafter “Silesian Curiosities Part II”), Leipzig 1728, p. 323.
  42. ↑ Cf. on this: The Pay Book of the Teutonic Order 1410/1411, Part II Indices with personal-historical comments, edit. by Sven Ekdahl (publications from the archives of the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation, Volume 23 / II), Böhlau Verlag, Cologne et al., 2010, p. 51.
  43. ↑ See: Johannes Sinapius, Schlesische Curiositäten Part I, p. 315 ("Nitschke attached")
  44. ↑ Zaudengerichte were medieval civil courts which - in addition to the court and feudal courts responsible for feudal matters - existed in Bohemia and Moravia as well as in Polish Lower Silesia since the beginning of the 13th century, cf. Adelung, Grammatical-Critical Dictionary of High German Dialect, Volume 4, Leipzig 1801, p. 1658.
  45. ↑ Johannes Sinapius, Silesian Curiosities Part I, p. 316 f.
  46. ↑ glogow.pl
  47. ^ Freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com
  48. ^ Herbert Ludat, Bistum Lebus, reprint of the Weimar 1942 edition, 1993, p. 206; Siegmund Wilhelm Wohlbrück, History of the former Diocese of Lebus and the land of this name, Berlin 1829, Volume 2, p. 405 ff.
  49. ↑ Confirmed with a renewed feudal letter from Elector Georg Wilhelm zu Brandenburg dated June 14, 1620, given to Cölln on the Spree, for the three sons of Elias von Kanitz from the House of Dallwitz, who were already enfeoffed in 1564 , namely Christoph Friedrich , Hieronymus Augustinus and Israel von Kanitz .
  50. ↑ See the representations and text reproductions in Gottfried Ferdinand von Buckisch and Löwenfels , Oberservationes historico-politicae in instrumentum pacis osnabrugo-westphalicum, Frankfurt and Leipzig, 1722, pp. 301 ff.
  51. ↑ Johann Adam Hensel, Protestant Church History of the Common in Silesia, Leipzig and Liegnitz 1768, p. 347.
  52. ↑ starks-historische-spurensuche.de
  53. ^ Konrad Klose, Contributions to the history of the city of Lüben, Lüben 1924, p. 106 ff.
  54. ^ Johannes Sinapius, Schlesische Curiositäten, Part I., p. 315; Johann Friedrich Gauhe: The Holy Roman Empire Genealogical-Historical Adels-Lexikon. Volume 1, Gleditsch, 1740, p. 324.
  55. ↑ glogow.pl
  56. ↑ Stephansdorf / Szczepanów on hausschlesien.de ( Memento from July 14, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  57. ↑ glogow.pl
  58. ↑ lueben-damals.de
  59. ↑ See Claudia Zonta, Schlesier at Italian Universities of the Early Modern Age 1526–1740, Newer Researches on Silesian History, Volume 10, Stuttgart 2004, pp. 279f.
  60. ↑ sites.google.com
  61. ↑ Lucae : Silesia's curious memorabilia, or welcome Chronica von Ober u. Lower Silesia etc. Volume II, p. 1182 f.
  62. ↑ Peter Bahl , The Court of the Great Elector, Cologne Weimar Berlin, Böhlau 2001, p. 152.
  63. ^ Ernst Heinrich Kneschke , New German General Adels Lexicon, Second Volume, Leipzig 1861, p. 210.
  64. ↑ Gernot Dallinger, Karl von Canitz and Dallwitz, A Prussian Minister of the Vormärz, Publications from the Archives of Prussian Cultural Heritage, Volume 3, Cologne and Berlin, 1969.
  65. ^ Lehnsurkunde reprinted in: Hans Graf von Kanitz (Hrsg.): Urkundliche Nachrichten über Mednicken, 1300 to 1900. Self-published, Preußisch Holland 1900, p. 12, No. 9.
  66. ↑ Descriptions of Mednicken and Wargen from around 1920 in: Oskar Schlicht, Konrad Haberland: Das westliche Samland. A home book of the Fischhausen district. Pillau from 1725 to the present, Volume II, 1922, pp. 188 ff.
  67. ↑ See Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Graefliche Häuser, under "Kanitz", 1974, Volume II, Volume 58 of the complete series, p. 226 and most recently 1997, Volume XV, Volume 112 of the complete series, p. 201; CA Starke Verlag , Limburg (Lahn). However, in older publications - mainly those of the 19th century - the spelling "Canitz" is occasionally found for representatives of this line (for example Eduard Lange : The soldiers of Friedrichs des Grossen , Leipzig 1853, p. 283), which however, as a rule, indicates members of the baronial (Silesian) line "Canitz (and Dallwitz)". A well-known exception is Friedrich Rudolph Ludwig von Canitz from the Prussian line.
  68. ↑ This is possibly identical to a Hans von Kanitz , who appears next to Caspar and Ulrich von Kanycz as guarantor in a Meißnischen document of July 3, 1409, in which Heinrich von Kanycz opposed the jointly ruling Margraves Friedrich IV. And Wilhelm II. Regardless of the eventuality that you have hated me, obliged to behave well (Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae Regiae IB3, No. 119, p. 105)
  69. ^ Pay book of the Teutonic Order, Part II. Edited by Sven Ekdahl. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2010, p. 50.
  70. ^ Pay book of the Teutonic Order, Part II. Edited by Sven Ekdahl. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2010, p. 50; see. also Johannes Voigt: History of Prussia from the earliest times to the fall of the rule of the Teutonic Order, Seventh Volume. Königsberg 1836, p. 690.
  71. ↑ So - albeit without a reference to the place where it was found and detailed information on the person - quoted by Marion Countess Dönhoff in her foreword to Eulenburg / Engels: Ostpreussische Gutshäuser in Polen, Munich 1992, p. 10.
  72. ↑ See Oskar Schlicht, Konrad Haberland: Das western Samland. A home book of the Fischhausen district. Pillau from 1725 to the present, Volume II, 1922, p. 193.
  73. ^ Theodor Fontane : Walks through the Mark Brandenburg. Fourth volume, Spreeland, Munich 1971/1977, p. 181 ff.
  74. ^ Kurt von Priesdorff : Soldatisches Führertum . Volume 1, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated [Hamburg], undated [1937], DNB 367632764 , p. 81, no. 133.
  75. ^ Sales contract printed in: Hans Graf von Kanitz (Hrsg.): Urkundliche Nachrichten über Podangen, 1339 to 1900. Self-published, Preußisch Holland 1900, p. 13, no. 12.
  76. ↑ Parker : The Thirty Years War. Frankfurt am Main 1987, pp. 229f, 262.
  77. ↑ Hans Graf von Kanitz (Ed.): Documentary news about Podangen, 1339 to 1900. Self-published, Preußisch Holland 1900, Document No. 16, p. 22ff.
  78. ^ Kurt von Priesdorff: Soldatisches Führertum. Volume 1, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated [Hamburg], undated [1937], DNB 367632764 , p. 376, no. 393.
  79. ↑ Another grandson of Oberburggrave Friedrich Wilhelm von Kanitz, Julius Ernst von Kanitz (1747–1795), KK Lieutenant Colonel and Mayor of Podgórze (Cracow), apparently wrote one of Ernst Heinrich Kneschke's, Neues Deutsches Allgemeine Adels-Lexicon, Second Volume, Leipzig 1861, p. 209, the allegedly baronial line established in Galicia, for which, however, no further evidence is available.
  80. ^ Kurt von Priesdorff: Soldatisches Führertum. Volume 5, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated [Hamburg], undated [1938], DNB 367632802 , p. 251, no. 1535.
  81. ↑ Ernst Graf von Kanitz: Enlightenment according to sources of acts about the religious process for world and church history in Königsberg in Prussia from 1835 to 1842. Basel / Ludwigsburg 1862; The paper by William Hepworth Dixon: Spiritual Wives, London / Philadelphia 1868 (with a German appendix by Prof. Sachs, one of the parties to the proceedings) must be regarded as a deliberately scandalous reporting on this affair, the refutation of which in the Anglo-Saxon area in 1869 by the publication of an English Version of the book by Kanitz under the title Anti Dixon or Facts versus Fictions as well as through the work of J. Isidor Mombert: The Königsberg Religious Suit. In: Bibliotheca Sacra, Philadelphia October 1869, pp. 647 ff. see. also Christopher Clark: Prussia, rise and fall: 1600–1947. Munich 2006, p. 486 f.
  82. ↑ This is not to be confused with Rittmeister d. Who happened to be assigned to the German "Iraq Group" at the same time. Res. Bolko Conrad Georg Oskar Friedrich Julius Emil Graf von Kanitz , who died of a serious illness on November 25, 1916 in Sulaymaniyah (Suleimanje) , which at the time belonged to the Ottoman Empire . This was a first cousin of the aforementioned from the "Mecklenburg line".
  83. ^ Helmut Schaefer: The German Lawrence. The adventurous story of the military attaché Count von Kanitz. Die Welt, May 3, 1975, No. 102, Die Geistige Welt, p. III (In his article, Schaefer credibly refutes the originally widespread suicide thesis, which is also used in recent publications - e.g. by Hans Werner Neulen: Feldgrau in Jerusalem, Das Levantekorps des Imperial Germany. 2nd edition. Munich 1991, pp. 207 f. - is reflected); see. also: Ilse Itscherenska, Heydar Han: The Berlin Persian Committee and the Germans, intercultural encounters in the First World War. In: Gerhard Höpp, Brigitte Reinwald (Hrsg.): Fremdeinsätze. Africans and Asians in European wars. 1914-1945. Zentrum Moderner Orient, Studien 13, 2000, p. 64.
  84. ↑ A seal of Michel von Kanitz dated April 16, 1461 (HStA Dresden, No. 7710) shows a wheel as a helmet ornament that is not decorated with torches but with three peacock feathers (at least according to the interpretation according to the Posse Collection, No. . 859, plate 44,7).
  85. ↑ according to Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Adelslexikon Volume II, Volume 58 of the complete series, p. 227.
  86. ↑ Ostrich feathers after Gritzner and Hildebrand, coat of arms album of the count families of Germany and Austria-Hungary, Leipzig, 1887, Volume II, p. 342, text appendix, p. 88.
  87. ^ After Kneschke: German count houses of the present. Volume I, Leipzig 1887, p. 415f .; Genealogical handbook of the nobility, Count's houses. Volume XI, Complete Series Volume 82, Limburg an der Lahn, 1983, p. 134.
  88. ↑ Such an occurrence is however documented for the family of the Lords von Dallwitz , whose coat of arms colors are also red and silver. In the present case, this is noteworthy because this family, originally from Franconia and Tyrol, also derives its name from today's Thallwitz bei Wurzen, which - in addition - gave its name to a line of those from Kanitz that was later mainly located in Silesia ( Canitz and Dallwitz).
  89. ↑ Christian Schöttgen, History of the Chur-Saxon Stiffts-Stadt Wurtzen, Leipzig 1717
  90. ↑ In Sorbian, "kanja" actually means consecration , a species of bird of prey related to the hawk .
  91. ↑ So instead of many: Otto Titan v. Hefner: Register of the flourishing and dead nobility in Germany. published by German aristocrats. First volume, Regensburg 1860, p. 216; see. also Franzelius (quoted in: v. Zedlitz-Neukirch, Adels-Lexicon or genealogical and diplomatic messages, first volume, Leipzig 1836, p. 346): "Familia nobilis a Canitz ex eodem Kania denominationem habet quod milvi pennam clypeus eijus exhibeat"