Barciany

Barciany
	Barciany
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Warmia-Masuria
Powiat :	Kętrzyn
Geographic location :	54 ° 13 '  N , 21 ° 21'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 13 '9 "  N , 21 ° 21' 12"  E
Height :	68 m npm
Residents :	1154 (2011)
Postal code :	11-410
Telephone code :	(+48) 89
License plate :	NKE
Economy and Transport
Street :	Ext. 590 : Biskupiec - Reszel - Korsze → Barciany
	Ext. 591 : Mrągowo - Kętrzyn ↔ Michałkowo
Rail route :	no rail connection
Next international airport :	Danzig
Gmina
Gminatype:	Rural community
Gmina structure:	71 localities
	23 school authorities
Surface:	294.00 km²
Residents:	6147 (June 30, 2019)
Population density :	21 inhabitants / km²
Community number  ( GUS ):	2808022
Administration (as of 2015)
Community leader :	Ryszard Kozyra
Address:	ul.Wojska Polskiego 7 11-410 Barciany
Website :	www.barciany.pl

Barciany [ barˈtɕanɨ ] ( German  Barten , Lithuanian Barčianiai ) is a place and seat of the rural community Barciany in the powiat Kętrzyński ( Rastenburg district ) of the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .

Geographical location

The village is located on the river Liebe ( Polish Liwna ) in the historical region of East Prussia , about 75 kilometers northeast of Olsztyn ( German  Allenstein ) and 16 kilometers north of the district town of Kętrzyn (Rastenburg) .

Place Barciany (City of Barten)

Barten northeast of Allenstein and north of Rastenburg on a map from 1908

Ordensburg Barten

Parish church in Gothic style (Protestant until 1945)

North side of the parish church (photo 2009)

history

Place name

The place name was mentioned in 1353 as "zu Barten" and was only given the names Barciany, Barty, Borty, Barthen and Barten in 1880. The name is reminiscent of the Prussian tribe of the Barten who lived in this landscape in the Middle Ages. It is derived from the Prussian “bar, beard”: flow, flow quickly .

Local history

In the 14th century the settlement got its own church, and the Ordensburg Barten of the Teutonic Order was built. Both are still preserved today. The order keeper von Barten was subordinate to the order commander of Brandenburg . In the 19th century, the palace was the seat of the domain office.

In 1630 the place received city ​​rights , but could hardly develop apart from the important traffic flows. With 1488 inhabitants in 1885 and 1541 inhabitants in 1939, Barten remained a small agricultural town, although it had been connected to the district town of Rastenburg , the neighboring district town of Gerdauen and Nordenburg by small railways since the beginning of the 20th century . At the beginning of the 20th century, Barten had a Protestant church and a district court.

Until 1945 Barten belonged to the district of Rastenburg in the administrative district of Königsberg in the province of East Prussia of the German Empire .

Towards the end of the Second World War , the Red Army occupied the region in the spring of 1945 . In summer 1945 Barten was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power . The Poles introduced the place name Barciany for Barten .

The place lost its city rights, but is now the center of a larger municipality, the Gmina Barciany in the powiat Kętrzyński (Rastenburg district) . This is slightly larger than the former Rastenburg district and which also includes the town of Reszel (Rößel) .

Population numbers

year	Residents	Remarks
1782	over 1200
1802	1335
1810	1332
1816	1242	including 1238 Evangelicals, three Catholics and one Jew
1821	1505
1831	1537
1858	1543	of which 1511 Protestants and 32 Catholics (no Jews)
1864	1690	on December 3rd
1871	1734
1885	1488
1900	1401	almost only evangelicals
1910	1221	on December 1st
1933	1473
1939	1651
2011	1154

District Barten, Domain (1874–1929)

On April 30, 1874, the district of Barten, domain was established. It existed until 1929 and belonged to the county Rastenburg in the administrative district of Kaliningrad in the Prussian province of East Prussia . The following belonged to the district:

German name	Polish name	Remarks
Barten, domain	(Barciany)	1928 incorporated into the municipality of Barten
Barten, freedom of office		In 1880 incorporated into the town of Barten
Freudenberg	Radosze
Taborwiese	Taborzec

After the change of the manor district of Barten domain to the municipality of Barten, the administrative district was renamed on June 22nd, 1929 in the "administrative district Taborwiese". Until 1945 only the towns of Freudenberg and Taborwiese belonged to it.

Ordensburg

→ Main article : Ordensburg Barten

Churches

Church building

Roman Catholic Parish Church

→ Main article : Church of the Heart of Mary (Barciany)

The church in Barciany is a hall from 1389. The sacristy attached to the south was provided with a barrel vault in 1400. The east gable was rebuilt in 1714, and the additional southern vestibule (next to the one in the north) with a new ribbed cross vault was built in 1783. The tower from the 16th century was built from 1729 to 1741 by master mason Hünchen and carpenter Effried from Königsberg (Russian: Kaliningrad) rebuilt and received the current roof in 1804.

The interior of the church was originally closed off by a vault, now with a wooden ceiling. An extensive interior renovation took place in 1989/90. Distinctive pieces of equipment are the altar with the coat of arms of the von Rautter family from 1643, the organ - a work from 1750 by Adam Gottlob Casparini from Königsberg, and two - no longer existing - chandeliers , both of which were probably a gift from Tsarina Elisabeth were.

From the Reformation to 1945 the church was a Protestant house of worship. It was expropriated in favor of the Roman Catholic Church and received a new consecration in 1962 with the name Niepokalanego Serca Maryi (" Immaculate Heart of Mary ").

Greek Catholic Parish Church

Today there is in Barciany, in addition to the Roman Catholic parish church, a Greek Catholic parish church that maintains the Byzantine-Ukrainian rite.

Evangelical Lutheran Chapel

The Evangelical Lutheran Church has a small chapel in Barciany at Mazurska Street. It was inaugurated on October 26, 1991 by Bishop Jan Szarek . The parish belongs to the parish church of St. Johannes in Kętrzyn (Rastenburg) in the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Parishes

Before 1945, a predominantly Protestant population lived in Barten . The parish was incorporated into the church district Rastenburg (Polish: Kętrzyn) within the church province of East Prussia of the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union .

Almost without exception, Catholic Christians have lived in Barciany since 1945, the majority of whom belong to the Roman Catholic Church in Poland . Her parish Barciany belongs to the deanery Kętrzyn II - Północny-wschód ( Rastenburg  II, northeast) in the Archdiocese of Warmia .

In addition, there is a parish of the Greek Catholic Church in Poland in Barciany , which is incorporated into the Archeparchy Przemyśl-Warsaw .

After the flight and expulsion of the German population, the formerly predominant Protestant church now has a small parish in Barciany again, which is affiliated to the mother parish in Kętrzyn (Rastenburg) within the diocese of Masuria of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

traffic

At the place is the intersection of the two provincial roads DW 590 ( Biskupiec (Bischofsburg) - Reszel (Rößel) - Korsze (Korschen) - Barciany) and DW 591 ( Michałkowo (Langmichels) - Kętrzyn (Rastenburg) - Mrągowo (Sensburg) ). Coming from the region, the side roads from Mołtajny (Molthainen) via Bobrowo (Bieberstein) and from Taborzec (Taberwiese) end in Barciany.

A railway connection has not existed since the earlier railway lines Barten – Rastenburg (today Polish: Kętrzyn), Barten – Gerdauen (today Russian: Schelesnodoroschny) and Barten – Nordenburg (Russian: Krylowo), which were operated by the Rastenburger Kleinbahnen , except after 1945 Were put into operation.

Personalities

Native of the place

• Leo Cholevius (born March 11, 1814 in Barten), philologist and literary historian († 1878)
• Gustav Dömpke (* 1853 in Barten), music critic in Königsberg and Vienna († 1923)
• Karl-Heinz Kurras (born December 1, 1927 in Barten), German police officer, shooter and Stasi employee († 2014)
• Lubomir Gliniecki (born March 20, 1957 in Barciany), Polish politician, economist and deputy member of the Sejm

Gmina Barciany

Coat of arms of the Gmina

The location of Gmina in the powiat Kętrzyński

General

The rural community of Barciany is located in the northern center of the powiat Kętrzyński . It borders to the north on the Gorodskoje posselenije Schelesnodoroschnoje (township Schelesnodoroschny (Gerdauen) ) in the Russian Kaliningrad Oblast (region Königsberg (Prussia) ), on the northwest by the Gmina Sępopol (Schippenbeil) , on the southwest by the Gmina Korsze (Korschen) , in South to the Gmina Kętrzyn (Rastenburg) and to the east to the Gmina Srokowo (Drengfurth) .

82% of the municipal area of ​​293.62 km² is used for agriculture and 8% for forestry. In terms of area, the Gmina Barciany makes up 24.21% of the area of ​​the Powiat Kętrzyński .

Community structure

The following localities belong to the rural municipality of Barciany:

Polish name	German name (until 1945)	Polish name	German name (until 1945)
Aptynty	Ink inks	Modgarby	Mod sheaves
Arklity	Arklitten	Mołtajny	Molthainen , 1938–45: Molteinen
Asuny	Assaunen	Momajny	Moments
Barciany	Beards	Moruny	Maraunen
Błędowo	Blandau	Niedziałki	Five-stroke
Bobrowo	Bieberstein	Niedziały	Elisenthal
Cacki	Schatzelshöfchen	Ogródki	Baumgarten
Czaczek	Darling	Pastwiska	Dairy stall
Dębiany	Dom stretching	Pieszewo	Petermanns
Dobrzykowo	Dawerwalde	Piskorze	Ludwigshöhe
Drogosze	Dönhofstädt	Podławki	Podlacken
Duje	Doyen , 1938–45: Dugen	Radoski Dwór	Freudenbergswalde
Frączkowo	Fritzendorf	Radosze	Freudenberg
Garbnik	Garbnick	Toboggan	Rodehlen
Garbno	Laggarben	Rowy	Rawlack
Gęsie Góry	Sansgarben	Ruta	Rauttershof
Gęsiki	Meistersfelde	Rutka	Rauttersfelde
Gęsiniec Wielki		Rzymek	Romberg
Glinka	Friedrichswiese	Silginy	Sillginnen
Główczyno	Egloffstein	Skandawa	Skandau
Górki	mountain	Skis	Wehlack
Gradowo	Old hail	Skoczewo	Hermannshof
Gumniska	Silzkeim	Sławosze	Henriettenfeld
Kąpławki	Kamplack	Solkieniki	Sol kink
Kiemławki Małe	Klein Kemlack	Staniszewo	Albertinhausen
Kiemławki Wielkie	Great Kemlack	Stary Dwór Barciański	Althof Barten
Kolwiny	Piston beans	Suchawa	Sausgörken
Kotki	Frills	Święty Kamień	Heiligenstein
Krelikiejmy	Kröligkeim	Szaty Wielkie	Big shade
Krymławki	Krimlack	Taborzec	Taberwiese
Krzeczewo	Sonnenburg	Wielewo	Welcome comb
Kudwiny	Kudwins	Wilkowo Małe	Klein Wolfsdorf
Maciejki	Blumenthal	Wilkowo Wielkie	Groß Wolfsdorf
Markuzy	Markhausen	Winda	Turn
Markławka	Marrow lacquer	Zalewska Góra
Michałkowo	Langmichels

literature

• Daniel Heinrich Arnoldt : Brief messages from all preachers who have admitted to the Lutheran churches in East Prussia since the Reformation . Königsberg 1777, pp. 284–287.
• Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Part I: Topography of East Prussia . Königsberg / Leipzig 1785, p. 18, no. 3).
• August Eduard Preuss : Prussian country and folklore or description of Prussia. A manual for primary school teachers in the province of Prussia, as well as for all friends of the fatherland . Bornträger Brothers, Königsberg 1835, pp. 514–515, no. 114.
• Lotar Weber: About the boundaries of beards . In: New Prussian Provincial Papers . Fourth episode, volume 13, Königsberg i. Pr. 1876, pp. 222-226.

Web links

Commons : Barciany  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Commons : Gmina Barciany  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Municipality website (Polish)
• 146 historical recordings of the city of Barten with the order castle and churches

Individual evidence

1. ↑ population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 . 
2. ^ Website of the municipality, Władze , accessed on February 18, 2015
3. ^ History of Barciany - Barten
4. ↑ Johannes Voigt : History of Prussia from the oldest times to the fall of the rule of the Teutonic Order . Volume 6: The time of Grand Master Konrad von Jungingen, from 1393 to 1407. Constitution of the order and the country . Königsberg 1834, p. 547.
5. ^ ^{A b} August Eduard Preuss : Prussian country and folklore or description of Prussia. A manual for primary school teachers in the province of Prussia, as well as for all friends of the fatherland . Bornträger Brothers, Königsberg 1835, pp. 514–515, no. 114.
6. ^ ^{A b c d} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Rastenburg district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
7. ↑ ^{a b} Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 2, Leipzig / Vienna 1905, p. 401.
8. ^ Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Part I: Topography of East Prussia . Königsberg / Leipzig 1785, p. 18, no. 3).
9. ↑ ^{a b c d} Alexander August Mützell, Leopold Krug : New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 5: T-Z. Halle 1823, pp. 250–251, item 33.
10. ↑ Adolf Schlott: Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Königsberg, based on official sources . Hartung, Königsberg 1861, p. 204, point 11.
11. ^ Prussian Ministry of Finance: The results of the property and building tax assessment in the administrative district of Königsberg. Berlin 1966, Rastenburg district, p. 2, item 7.
12. ^ Gustav Neumann: Geography of the Prussian State . 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 15-16, item 8.
13. ^ Municipal directory Germany 1900 - Rastenburg district.
14. ^ Wieś Barciany w liczbach
15. ^ Rolf Jehke, District Barten Domain
16. ^ Church in Barten at ostpreussen.net
17. ↑ Parishes / Ev.-luth. Barciany Chapel