Winda

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Winda
Winda does not have a coat of arms
Winda (Poland)
Winda
Winda
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Kętrzyn
Gmina : Barciany
Geographic location : 54 ° 10 '  N , 21 ° 24'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 9 '33 "  N , 21 ° 23' 44"  E
Height : 85 m npm
Residents : 200 ()
Postal code : 11-410
Telephone code : (+48) 89
License plate : NKE
Economy and Transport
Street : Ext. 591 : Mrągowo - Kętrzyn ↔ Barciany - Michałkowo
Drogosze / ext. 590 - Kiemławki Wielkie → Winda
Wikrowo - Jankowice → Winda
Rail route : no rail connection
Next international airport : Danzig



Winda ( German  Wenden ) is a village in Poland in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . It belongs to the Gmina Barciany (rural community Barten ) in the powiat Kętrzyński ( Rastenburg district ).

Geographical location

The village is located in the northern center of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship , about 20 kilometers south of the Polish state border with Kaliningrad Oblast in historic East Prussia . The district town of Kętrzyn ( German  Rastenburg ) is nine kilometers further south.

history

Wenden was laid out in 1389 by Commander Friedrich von Wenden according to Kulmer law . The name of the place is also derived from him. The village received an area of ​​53  Włóka , and the residents were exempt from payments and taxes for a period of nine years. In the 15th century there was an inn in Wenden. In 1437 the area belonging to the village was increased by three włóka. From the 16th century, the place was mainly inhabited by Protestants .

From 1874 to 1945 Wenden was incorporated into the Wehlack district ( Skierki in Polish ) in the Rastenburg district ( Königsberg district ) in the Prussian province of East Prussia .

On December 18, 1889, the communal-free forest establishment Wenden Wald was incorporated into Wenden.

Apply grew on 30 September 1928, when it deals with the Gutsbezirk Five Huben ( Polish Niedziałki ) and the Good Elise valley and other parts of neighboring villages to the new rural municipality merged contact.

At the end of the Second World War , the Red Army took the area. As a result of the war, the place became part of Poland. The local council was elected on September 16, 1946, and Stefan Uliasz became the first chairman . The then rural community included 9000 hectares of land with 35, later 33, villages. With the introduction of the Gromadas in 1954, Winda became the seat of a Gromada. In 1960 it had an area of ​​75.64 km² on which 2032 people lived. In 1969 there were 7 Schulzenämter ( Sołectwo ) and 28 other villages in the Gromada . In 1970 there was an eight-grade elementary school, a library and a cinema for 100 visitors in the village. With the dissolution of the Gromadas, Winda became a Schulzenamt with the villages of Niedziałki , Niedziały and Pieszewo (German Petermanns ) in 1973 .

Population development

In 1820 362 people lived in 36 residential buildings in Wenden, in 1885 already 472, in 1905 already 530, and in 1939 there were 812 inhabitants. In 1970 there were only 254 inhabitants, and in 2010 200.

church

The once Protestant, now Catholic Church in Winden

Church building

The church dates from the 15th century and was built as a brick building on a field stone foundation. A beautiful stepped gable adorns the east side. In the west, in 1834, a massive tower was added instead of a wooden tower destroyed by a hurricane. The original interior dates from the beginning of the 18th century. It was last changed after 1945 when the previously Protestant church became a Catholic parish church .

Parish

Evangelical

From the Reformation to 1945, the Wenden church was a Protestant church. The community belonged to the church district Rastenburg (Polish Kętrzyn ) in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . The life of the Protestant community ended in the years 1945 to 1950 due to the flight and displacement of the local population. Congregation members living here again today now belong to the parish in Barciany, a branch congregation of the Johanneskirche in Kętrzyn in the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical Augsburg Church in Poland .

Catholic

The few Catholics before 1945 belonged to the parish in Rastenburg in the Diocese of Warmia . Due to the resettlement of Polish citizens after 1945, the number of church members increased, and in 1946 it was possible to set up a separate parish in Winda. It is assigned the subsidiary municipality Podławki (Podlacken) . Winda now belongs to the Deanery Kętrzyn II in the Archdiocese of Warmia .

traffic

The through-town of Winda on Voivodship Road 591

Voiwodschaftsstrasse 591 (former German Reichsstrasse 141 ) runs through Winda . This leads in a northerly direction after about 7 km through Barciany (Barten) and ends after another 13 km at the border with the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad . There is no border crossing there.

In a southerly direction the road leads after about nine kilometers through Kętrzyn (Rastenburg) and on to Mrągowo (Sensburg) , and in a western direction a side road leads to Kiemławki Wielkie (Groß Kemlack) , in the east to Wikrowo (Wickerau) .

The nearest railway station is in today Kętrzyn, where direct connections to Olsztyn (Olsztyn) and Poznan as well as Elk (Lyck) and Białystok are. There is a regular bus connection to Kętrzyn. Until 1945 Wenden itself was a train station on two railway lines: Rastenburg – Drengfurth and Wenden – Barten . Both were used by the Rastenburger Kleinbahnen , but the routes were not reactivated after 1945.

The nearest international airport is Kaliningrad Airport , which is located about 95 kilometers northwest on Russian territory. The nearest international airport on Polish territory is Lech Wałęsa Airport, Gdansk, about 190 kilometers to the west .

school

The school in Winda

There is an eight-grade elementary school in the village.

literature

  • Tadeusz Swat: Dzieje Wsi . In: Aniela Bałanda and others: Kętrzyn. Z dziejów miasta i okolic . Pojezierze, Olsztyn 1978, pp. 239-240 ( Seria monografii miast Warmii i Mazur ).

Web links

Commons : Winda  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b http://mapa.szukacz.pl/html1/28/28035.html
  2. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 1458
  3. ↑ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Register of Places East Prussia (2005): Wenden (Ostpr.)
  4. ^ A b Rolf Jehke, Wehlack district
  5. ↑ a b Wenden (Rastenburg district) at GenWiki
  6. ↑ Swat, 1978, p. 240
  7. ↑ Walther Hubatsch , History of the Evangelical Church of East Prussia , Volume 2 Pictures of East Prussian Churches , Göttingen 1968, p. 82, Fig. 305
  8. ↑ Winda parish in the Archdiocese of Warmia