Asuny

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Asuny
Asuny does not have a coat of arms
Asuny (Poland)
Asuny
Asuny
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Kętrzyn
Gmina : Barciany
Geographic location : 54 ° 19 '  N , 21 ° 23'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 19 '15 "  N , 21 ° 23' 25"  E
Residents : 82 (2010)
Postal code : 11-410
Telephone code : (+48) 89
License plate : NKE
Economy and Transport
Street : Aptynty / ext. 591 - Mołtajny ↔ Święty Kamień - Łęknica - Wilczyny
Rail route : no rail connection
Next international airport : Danzig



Asuny ( German  Assaunen ) is a village in Poland in the powiat Kętrzyński ( Rastenburg district ) in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . The place, which belongs to the Gmina Barciany (rural municipality Barten) , is only about one kilometer from the border with the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad .

Geographical location

Asuny am Ometflüsschen is located on a side road that originally connected Aptynty (Aftinten) on Voivodship Road 591 (formerly German Reichsstraße 141 ) with Swerewo (wall paints) Fernstraße A 196 (formerly Reichsstraße 131 ), but is now cut through the national border. Today it continues to Wilczyny (Wolfshagen) in Gmina Srokowo (Drengfurth) .

Until 1945 there was also a rail connection via the Walllacken station (today in Russian Swerewo ) on the Königsberg – Angerburg line .

Asuny town entrance
Place view
The Omet in Asuny

history

Place name

The name of the village probably goes back to a Prussian personal name that cannot be clearly explained. Possibly it is derived from aza for ash or azi for field rain .

Local history

On October 10, 1352 Old Prussian-sudauische Ritter received Luprecht Sudowen of Winrich von Kniprode 70  hooves arable land Assune . The formulations in the document indicate that an inhabited settlement already existed here. The area was exempt from paying the tithe and the knight was allowed to hold court himself, subject to the special interests of the Teutonic Order . Luprecht Sadowen was obliged to do mounted military service. The agreement on the transfer of the area stipulated that four successor generations of Luprecht should own the area before it should fall back to the order. However, since Luprecht's son had no male successor, the area fell back to the order after his death in 1366. However, it is possible that Luprecht's descendants perished during the campaigns of Grand Duke Kynstutte (Kejstut) . The Order Marshal Engelhard Rabe gave Jakob and Reynke Berlin and Hensel Endeken hand festivals in 1390 for the place that was now called Assun and comprised an area of ​​80 hooves. In 1406 a parish church was built in the village .

In 1481 Jakub de Coszmi was from the diocese of Płock in Asuny. The first inn opened in 1506. In the middle of the 16th century, Assaunen owned 85 Hufen land, part of which was desolate . The first Poles lived in the place from 1676, but Poles were probably already resident here from the 15th century. In 1710 the plague raged in Asuny. July of the year was probably the height of the epidemic and killed 109 people. In 1707 the Ernsthof Vorwerk was laid out, presumably named after the feudal lord Count Ernst Sigismund at the time . In 1710 91 hooves, 36  acres and 17  rods were recorded in the tax register. In 1800 the water mill was named Louisenwerth ; it was built in the 15th century. On January 17, 1818, a hurricane caused damage amounting to almost 400 thalers, a very high sum for the time.

In 1874 Assaunen was the newly built office district Korklack ( Polish Kurkławki assigned) of the circle Gerdauen in the administrative district of Kaliningrad in the Prussian province of East Prussia belonged.

During the First World War , the place was badly destroyed, Assaunen was considered the most severely damaged rural community in the Gerdauen district. Reconstruction began in 1916.

On September 30, 1928 were Gutsbezirk Heiligenstein (now Polish Święty Kamień ) and the exclave Henriette field ( Sławosze incorporated) to Assaunen, and on March 6, 1932, was renamed the Office District Korklack in "District Assaunen".

Ukrainian cultural center in Asuny

After the end of the Second World War , the village , which belonged to the German Empire (East Prussia) , fell to Poland. Unless they had fled, the resident German population was expelled after 1945 and replaced by new citizens from other parts of Poland and the Ukraine .

In 1970 there was an eight-grade school and a kindergarten in the village that was attended by 16 children.

Population numbers

In 1785 there were 34 buildings in the village and a farm and a watermill nearby . In 1910 there were 22 residential and 34 commercial buildings and a total of 152 people lived here. In 1925 the population had already increased to 574, the number of houses was 42 and there were 110 farm buildings. By 1933 the number of inhabitants decreased to 485, on May 17, 1939 493 inhabitants were counted.

In 1970 only 122 people lived in the village. By 2010 the population continued to decrease to 82.

Assaunen District (1932–1945)

On March 6, 1932, the Korklack district ( Kurkławki in Polish ) , which had existed in the Gerdauen district since 1874, was renamed "Assaunen district" because the Korklack manor district no longer existed as an independent municipality. The administrative district of Assaunen existed until 1945, but only consisted of one municipality: the rural municipality of Assaunen.

church

Church building

Church in Asuny

The church in Asuny was already mentioned in a document from 1406. It was built from red bricks and medium-sized field stones . The tower was built in stone and wood. After a fire, the church was rebuilt in 1914.

From 1525 to 1945 the church in Assaunen was a Lutheran place of worship, after which it was taken over by the Roman Catholic Church , and since 1958 it has been the property of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church .

Parish

Until 1945 the vast majority of the residents of Assaunen were Protestant . Even before the Reformation , the church was a parish church, which then initially belonged to the Wehlau Inspection (today Russian: Snamensk), then to the Gerdauen parish ( Russian Schelesnodoroschny) in the church province of East Prussia of the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union . Most recently, the Assaunen parish , whose territory is now divided by the Polish-Russian state border, had around 2800 parishioners.

Protestant church members living in Asuny today belong to the parish in Barciany (Barten) of the parish of Kętrzyn (Rastenburg) within the Masurian diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

The Roman Catholic residents are assigned to the parish in Mołtajny (Molthainen) in the Deanery Kętrzyn II / Northeast in the Diocese of Warmia in the Catholic Church in Poland.

literature

  • Heinrich Schwarz: From the history of the village of Assaunen . In: Oskar-Wilhelm Bachor: The Gerdauen district. An East Prussian homeland book (=  East German contributions from the Göttingen working group , 43). Holzner, Würzburg 1968, ISSN  0474-8204 , pp. 122-134 ( Der Göttinger Arbeitskreis . Publication 371).
  • Tadeusz Swat: Dzieje Wsi . In: Aniela Bałanda u. a .: Kętrzyn. Z dziejów miasta i okolic . Pojezierze, Olsztyn 1978, p. 162 (Seria monografii miast Warmii i Mazur) .

Web links

Commons : Asuny  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Główny Urząd Statystyczny, Portret miejscowości statystycznych w gminie Barciany (powiat kętrzyński, województwo warmińsko-mazurskie) w 2010 r. Online query
  2. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 8
  3. ↑ Rozalia Przbytek, Hydronymia Europaea. Place names of Baltic origin in the southern part of East Prussia , Stuttgart 1993, p. 13; Georg Gerullis, The Old Prussian Place Names , Berlin / Leipzig 1922, p. 12
  4. ↑ a b c d Swat 1978, pp. 162-163.
  5. ↑ The last entry in the church book is from July 31, 1710; on August 17th the pastor died of the plague
  6. ↑ http://www.mogk.homepage.t-online.de/Mogk/assaunen.htm
  7. ↑ a b c Rolf Jehke, Korklack / Assaunen district
  8. ↑ Asuny - Assaunen at ostpreussen.net
  • Heinrich Schwarz: From the history of the village of Assaunen. In: Oskar-Wilhelm Bachor: The Gerdauen district: An East Prussia. Homeland book. Würzburg 1986.
  1. ↑ p. 122.
  2. ↑ p. 123.
  3. ↑ p. 123.
  4. ↑ p. 125.
  5. ↑ pp. 126-127.
  6. ↑ p. 129.
  7. ↑ p. 123.
  8. ↑ p. 133.