Kartäuserstraße (Mainz)
The Kartäuserstraße is a city road in Mainz-Altstadt . It bears the name of the Carthusian Carthusians who used to live in this area . The approximately 90 meter long street is now considered a monument zone .
history
The history of the Carthusian monks in Mainz began in 1460. At this time they moved into the house "Zur Große Eich". Today the house is number 29 on Augustinerstraße . As a result, the Carthusians continued to expand in this area. At the end of the 17th century, their property extended to Schönbornstrasse. In the course of this century they also acquired the land at Augustinerstraße 31 to 35. The Traufgasse "Kartäuserreul", which still exists today, was also created as a small access to this large property . The monastery courtyard of the order was located roughly where the Kartäuserstraße runs today. Valuable fruits, wines and food were stored and sold in the monastery courtyard. In 1781 the Carthusians finally gave up their Charterhouse . Today, in the buildings at Kartäuserstraße 16, Augustinerstraße 27 and especially in Kartäuserstraße 14, there are remains of the walls of the old cloister courtyard.
In 1862 the city architect Joseph Laské planned the rebuilding of the Charterhouse as part of the expansion of the Mainz city center. In these plans, he envisaged the Kartäuserstraße, which should divide the property and connect the Rochusspital in the Rochusstraße via the Schönbornstraße with the Augustinerstraße. At the same time, Laské had Augustinerstraße widened at this height with a new alignment line on the western side of the street. Then the former Carthusian land was divided into 16 parcels .
The completion of the construction project to develop the area around Kartäuserstraße now only took a few years. Several builders and architects were involved in the construction of the area, which is now designated as a monument zone .
architecture
Kartäuserstraße is located in the old town of Mainz. It connects Augustinerstraße with Rochusstraße , and in the middle it crosses Schönbornstraße . The facades of the buildings on Kartäuserstraße are largely uniform. The core of the monument zone includes the buildings at Kartäuserstraße 5 to 14 and 16. This street space design has remained unchanged since the 19th century. Almost without exception, the buildings are three- story and four-story buildings with eaves . The only gable-free building is the house at Kartäuserstraße 14, which is now a restaurant.
Characteristic buildings in the monument zone are the building at Kartäuserstraße 5 planned by Joseph Laské and the semi-detached house at Kartäuserstraße 6 and 8 built by master carpenter Johann Beitsch from 1862 to 1863 . Both structures are made of plaster . In addition, the building at Kartäuserstraße 12 is architecturally striking. It was built in 1863 as a school building, later it was a police building . Today it serves as a residential building. In him there are influences from both Joseph Laské and Wilhelm Usinger .
Significant structures
Odd house numbers
The house at Kartäuserstraße 7 was built in 1863 according to plans by the architect Stephan Stieglitz . It has four floors, one with ornaments decorated bay window with one of tracery built balustrade and was with classical and neo-Gothic decorated styles. Another special feature of this building are the eye-catching window frames with neo-Gothic decorations, which are mainly found in the eaves and the bay window in the center of the building. The bay window also has slabs of granite with engraved joints . In addition, the vestibule with different colored glass, the staircase with inlays and marble steps as well as the entrance door are architecturally striking. The neighboring house at Kartäuserstraße 9 was built in 1869. The architect was Philipp Krebs . The building has three and a half floors. Plaster and sandstone were used as building materials . When designing the building and its property, architectural styles from the Italian high renaissance were used. A tower above a mezzanine is architecturally striking . The structure also has pilasters that support a belvedere with an arcade . The Belvedere is the only surviving part of its kind from this time in Mainz. On the first floor there is a bel étage to which a bay window with a Venetian window was built. In the bay window there are putti that serve as atlases . The original joint cuts have been preserved on the ground floor to this day . Round arches have also been preserved on the ground floor and in the gate wings.
An important building is located at Kartäuserstraße 11. It was built in 1863, the architect, according to scientific assumptions, was Philipp Anton Elbert . The building has four floors and a basement . It was built with plaster and is eaves. Another wing was built at the rear of the building. Both wings have architecturally striking staircases with unusual staircases with cantilevers . On the façade, which is also architecturally striking, there are pilasters , cornice and specially designed windows. In addition, the often rounded corners are special features of the structure. Next to it is the house at Kartäuserstraße 13. It has a ground floor and a dwelling . After a year of lintel , the building was erected in 1595. The building consists partly of half-timbered houses . The Zwerchhaus is decorated with historical ornaments. They are located on the struts and posts and are still present today as spolia . There is also jewelery from the Renaissance here : here, mainly people and plants were depicted.
Even house numbers
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Another architecturally remarkable building is at Kartäuserstraße 14. It contains the remains of a structure that was built at the end of the 17th century as part of the Carthusian land expansion. In 1862 the property was significantly reduced in size. This is due to a new alignment of the converted road. The new facade was brickwork with plaster. The architect of this renovation was Paul Martel . Other changes planned by Martel were cornices on the window sills and roofing beams . The original quarry stone masonry with plaster and red sandstone were taken over into the new building elements and thus preserved. From 1985 to 1986 the facade was renewed again and the building was extended to the rear by one axis . Innovations to the original building from the end of the 17th century were the relocation of the building entrance to the house side of the eaves and a new interior division of the rooms with new walls. In addition, the building now had a large barrel vaulted cellar and a cistern on the back wall of the building. Today there is still a cellar tunnel . It is the only gable building on Kartäuserstraße.
Right next to it is the building at Kartäuserstraße 16. It was built in 1862 as a residential building. On the first floor there are windows and portals on the house wall opposite the facade, parts of the “Zur Große Eich” building bought by the Carthusians in 1460. This house used to belong to the Salmann patrician family from Mainz. A wall painting made of earth colors from this period, restored in 1982, has survived to this day . Red, yellow and brown colors were used in this mundane work of art. The mural was painted on parts of the wall that walled up earlier windows. Today, there are still plants from the wall painting on a cladding of a window, Gothic figures, parts of the coat of arms “derer Zum Jungs” and a bird with the saying “help got” with lowercase letters from the Gothic period. This wall painting was probably made around 1350. It is the only surviving secular wall painting from the late Gothic period in Mainz. The plastered building is now eaves, has four storeys and an architectural style from the late classicism. Other special features of the building are the serration on the eaves cornice, the rusticated ground floor and the three axes drawn together in the middle of the facade. In this context, the togetherness of the window sills and the small roofs on the facade are also striking. The originals are the flagpole made of iron made using the puddle method and the grilles on the parapets .
See also
literature
- Ewald Wegner (editor) with the participation of Hans Caspary, Paul-Georg Custodis, Ludwig Falck and Gerd Rupprecht: Kulturdenkmäler in Rheinland-Pfalz. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2.2: City of Mainz. Old town. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1988: pp. 240–245. ISBN 3-491-31036-9
Web links
- Directory of cultural monuments District-Free City of Mainz (PDF; 1.6 MB) on denkmallisten.gdke-rlp.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Directory of cultural monuments District- free city of Mainz (PDF; 1.6 MB) on denkmallisten.gdke-rlp.de
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Ewald Wegner (editor) with the participation of Hans Caspary, Paul-Georg Custodis, Ludwig Falck and Gerd Rupprecht: Kulturdenkmäler in Rheinland-Pfalz. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2.2: City of Mainz. Old town. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1988: pp. 240–245. ISBN 3-491-31036-9
Coordinates: 49 ° 59 ′ 47 " N , 8 ° 16 ′ 28.4" E