Kettenburg (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those of the Chain Castle

Von der Kettenburg is the name of an aristocratic family originally from Lüneburg , later especially wealthy in Mecklenburg .

history

Kettenburg Castle

Beginnings

In Visselhövede first was from 1340 to 1347 Kedenborg been built. This moated castle served the Lüneburg princes as a safeguard against the Verden monastery . In 1371 it was pledged to the Bishop of Verden by Duke Magnus von Braunschweig-Lüneburg and demolished in 1383. The family of those von der Kettenburg, first named after their ministerial office of Vogts , is documented in the Lüneburg fiefdom register from 1344-1365 . The uninterrupted line of trunks begins with Johann Voged , dead in 1462. In 1470 his son Johann Voget (the younger, documented 1462–1499), already enfeoffed with Hünzingen , gave his farms in Valbeck and Stellichte to Otto von Braunschweig-Lüneburg and was exchanged for them enfeoffed with castle site , mill site and pond to Kedenborg . For this he received permission from his liege lord to build a fortress for himself there . 1488 he called himself John of the Kedenborg, otherwise geheten Johann Voged , other times Johann Voged, Johanns blessed Son, also known geheten van der Kedenborg . The second chain castle had probably been built in the meantime. He was Princely Councilor of Lüneburg and Grand Bailiff in Celle and held the Bailiwick of Rotenburg as a pledge from Verden Abbey . From his marriage to Catharina von Mandelsloh he had a son, Johann von der Kettenburg auf Kettenburg and Hünzingen. He married a von Ahlden. From this marriage came Johann von der Kettenburg auf Kettenburg and Hünzingen, who left four sons from his marriage to Gödell von Zarenhausen.

Line in the home town of Lüneburg

The Lüneburg line was continued by the eldest son from the Kettenburg-Zarenhausen marriage, Christoph von der Kettenburg. His wife was Catharina von Bicker, from which marriage Johann von der Kettenburg came, who in turn was married to Sophia von Honstedt. Their son Christoph Dietrich von der Kettenburg married Sophie Elisabeth von Wittorff, from which marriage Johann Dietrich von der Kettenburg emerged, who took Christine von Borthfeld as his wife. Otto Heinrich Christoph von der Kettenburg continued the line to Kettenburg, who with Catharina Marie von Behr from the Stellichte family had the son Johann Friedrich von der Kettenburg, who was married to Margaretha Elisabeth von Skölln. With him, the older line of Kettenburg became extinct in 1744 in the male line, so that the inheritance fell to the Mecklenburg relatives.

Line in Mecklenburg

Hike over Holstein and Saxony-Lauenburg

One of the younger sons from the Kettenburg-Zarenhausen marriage, Jürgen von der Kettenburg, became the ducal Saxon-Lauenburg Privy Councilor and owner of the Abbendorf and Thönen estates in Holstein . His son from his marriage to Margarethe von Schack from the Hasendahl family was Franz Heinrich (I.) von der Kettenburg, the progenitor of the Mecklenburg line, which was accepted into the Mecklenburg knighthood in the 17th century.

Family goods policy in Mecklenburg

Gut Groß Wüstenfelde
Matgendorf manor house

The ducal Saxon-Lauenburg Secret Council and Landdroste Franz Heinrich (I) von der Kettenburg bought the Wüstenfelde estate with the farm at Schwetzin, the Vorwerk zu Matgendorf (all today districts of Groß Wüstenfelde ) and half of the share at Schlakendorf for 50,000 thalers by Hans Georg von Eibbeck zu Glienicke, Dyritz and Seegefeld, a Brandenburger who had bought the goods in 1607 for 61,433 guilders. Franz Heinrich's feudal letter dated 1622. After his death in 1641, the property was temporarily divided, with the older son, Christoph von der Kettenburg, Matgendorf, and the younger, August Julius (I.) von der Kettenburg, receiving Wüstenfelde. The younger son's only heir, Franz Bogislaff, died in a duel in 1662 without leaving any biological heirs. So his uncle Christoph reunited the property.

Christoph left two sons. The older son August Julius (II.) Von der Kettenburg received Wüstenfelde, the younger Cuno Hans von der Kettenburg received Matgendorf. From Schwetzin, formerly part of the Schwasdorf estate in Warnstedt, a part had already come to Matgendorf. In 1681, Cuno Hans von der Kettenburg also acquired the part that was still in the possession of a widow von Warnstedt. Since his brother August Julius (II.) Left five underage sons on his death in 1678, including Hans Friedrich von der Kettenburg (* 1671; † 1753), Cuno Hans also took the goods of the Wüstenfelder share in pledge in 1682. According to a statement from 1702, the ownership of the two estates was as follows: half Schlakendorf and half Perow belonged to Wüstenfelde, Schwetzin and Pohnstorf belonged to Matgendorf, the Hufen in Gehmkendorf and half Perow.

After the aforementioned pledge had ceased, the eldest of Cuno Hans von der Kettenburg's five nephews, Captain Christoph von der Kettenburg, came to own Gut Wüstenfelde with accessories. He sold Schlakendorf and left the property of Wüstenfelde in 1739 to his son, the ducal Holstein thigh and lieutenant general Adam Victor von der Kettenburg , who bought Schlakendorf back in 1752.

Cuno Hans auf Matgendorf died in 1729. Schwetzin and Pohnstorf were heir to his older son, Captain Christoph Heinrich von der Kettenburg, who left his seven-year-old son Schwetzin alone when he died in 1744, after he had sold Pohnstorf in 1744. Heir of Matgendorf with the Hufen in Gehmkendorf and half of Perow, however, became the younger son of Cuno Hans, the Colonel Sergeant Franz Heinrich (II.) Von der Kettenburg, who bought the Vietschow estate, which belonged to Wüstenfelde until 1622, for 48,200 thalers in 1745 the Belitz belonging to it.

In the registration book of the Dobbertin monastery there are nine entries by daughters of the von der Kettenburg families from Matgendorf, Wüstenfelde and Vietschow from 1738 to 1809 for inclusion in the aristocratic women's monastery . In 1791 and 1808 two of them lived as conventuals in Dobbertin Monastery .

Groß-Wüstenfelde remained in the possession of the descendants of Adam Victor von der Kettenburg , the Holstein thigh and general lieutenant , until 1798 . His two sons, Carl Friedrich Christoph and Peter August, held high state offices in the service of the last Margrave of Bayreuth . Carl Friedrich Christoph was margravial chamber president († 1809 as royal Prussian state minister) and in 1780 had left the sole property of Groß-Wüstenfelde to his brother Peter August, margravial secret councilor and court judge. He had no direct heirs and wanted to sell the remote Mecklenburg property, but this was only possible after lengthy negotiations with his feudal cousins ​​in Mecklenburg, especially the Rittmeister Cuno Heinrich Erich von der Kettenburg auf Schwetzin, who was interested in the purchase, and after severance payments from his feudal cousins, succeeded. Finally, in 1798 he sold Groß-Wüstenfelde with Schlakendorf for 132,500 thalers to his previous leaseholder, Christoph Wilhelm Stüdemann. After several changes of ownership, the Groß-Wüstenfelde estate came to the Oppenheimer brothers from Hamburg in 1824 (without the Schlakendorf, which was enlarged by 12,000 square rods at its expense and renamed Schrödershof ). From these, the Groß-Wüstenfelde estate was bought back into the possession of the von der Kettenburg in 1842.

Legacy of the Lüneburg estates

In 1744 the line died out in the Lüneburgischen Kettenburg, and the manors Kettenburg and Hünzingen there fell as a whole to the various feudal cousins ​​in Mecklenburg. Franz Heinrich (II.) Left two sons. While the Vietschower line died out with the five sons of his older son, Captain Magnus Friedrich von der Kettenburg, his younger son, the chamberlain and vice land marshal , Cuno Hans Josua von der Kettenburg (* 1735 - † 1808) continued the Matgendorf line. With Matgendorf and Perow he united the goods Gottin and Tellow for some time. In the later years of his life, Cuno Hans gave Josua from the chain castle Gut Matgendorf to his older son Franz Heinrich (III), the younger Johann Friedrich Gut Perow.

However, Johann Friedrich came into the undivided possession of Matgendorf and Perow as early as 1805, as his older brother Franz Heinrich (III) died without an heir. In addition, Gut Schwetzin was added in 1813, when the line there expired with the grandson of Captain Christoph Heinrich von der Kettenburg, the Mecklenburg chamberlain and poet Cuno Ludwig, and in 1825 sole ownership of the Lüneburg estates of Kettenburg and Hünzingen, when he was the only remaining liege cousin , Carl Friedrich von der Kettenburg zu Radegast.

Baron Kuno, convert and builder to Matgendorf and Kettenburg

Johann Friedrich's only son and successor was Chamberlain Kuno August Peter von der Kettenburg on Matgendorf, Perow, Schwetzin, Kettenburg and Hünzingen, who rounded off the property in 1842 by purchasing the old Groß-Wüstenfelde estate from the Oppenheimer brothers in Hamburg. The manor house at Gut Matgendorf was destroyed by fire in 1851. In the same place, the owner at the time, Kuno von der Kettenburg, had the new castle-like manor house built between 1852 and 1856. The chain castle from the end of the 15th century had already fallen into disrepair by 1744 and was replaced by the Mecklenburg heir with a new castle with a castle chapel, built between 1875 and 1878. In 1867, the Mecklenburg Chamberlain converted the baronial family on Gut Kettenburg to the Catholic faith, which resulted in the establishment of a local Catholic parish. Kuno Freiherr von der Kettenburg had been married to Thecla Freiin von Günderrode since 1836 and through this marriage in 1837 became a member of the old aristocratic inheritance of the Alten-Limpurg family in Frankfurt am Main . In the Kingdom of Hanover, the family belonged to the knightly nobility of the Lüneburg landscape through possession of the Kettenburg and Hünzingen goods in the Lüneburg region . The Mecklenburg possessions kept the von der Kettenburg until they were expropriated in 1945.

Heir's daughter Marina has to demolish Kettenburg Castle

In 1954, the descendant of the Mecklenburg Chamberlain Kuno auf Matgendorf and Kettenburg etc., Kuno Freiherr von der Kettenburg, died, whereupon his daughter Marina Countess Droste zu Vischering von Nesselrode-Reichenstein (* 1921; † 1974) inherited the estate and Schloss Kettenburg. Around 1955, the castle was so infected and infected with sponge that it had to be demolished in 1960. The husband of the heiress von der Kettenburg, Clemens Graf Droste zu Vischering von Nesselrode-Reichenstein (* 1912), died in 1987 like her on his estate, Herrstein Castle . The Kettenburg estate is still owned by Count Droste today.

Emigration of a chain castle to Spain

During the National Socialist period in Germany there was an extradition request from the German Reich to the Spanish Foreign Ministry from 1942 to 1943 because of Baron Max von der Kettenburg, who was wanted for high treason. Kettenburg, who had emigrated to Spain, had to say something about an alleged family relationship with Hess , whereupon he claimed a relationship to Himmler .

Status surveys

Austrian hereditary barons on December 9, 1862 (diploma Vienna March 22, 1863), Mecklenburg-Schwerin recognition of November 22, 1872 for Kuno von der Kettenburg .

coat of arms

Later coat of arms of those von der Kettenburg

The older family coat of arms shows a tinned red tower in silver, around which an iron chain is looped on the outside, which is held together by a padlock in front of the open black gate. On the helmet with red and silver covers the tower as in the shield.

Later the family coat of arms was modified and shows a tinned red castle with three towers in silver (in the Alten-Limpurger coat of arms the two outer ones, in Konrad Tyroff's coat of arms also the middle one, covered in blue): on the central tinned tower a growing blue-clad maiden with golden hair, holding a golden chain in her folded hands, which hangs down through two shooting holes to the gate and is held together in front of it by a golden padlock. On the crowned helmet between two buffalo horns divided across corners by red and silver, a right-facing seated silver (or natural-colored) falcon. The helmet covers are silver and red. The maiden, sometimes dressed in white or red, holds the chain in her hands, and the falcon sometimes wears a red or gold collar.

The Siebmacher successor volumes (1701) show two variants: the first, shown in the section for the Brunswick nobility , is based on the older family coat of arms, but the chain is missing, the second, shown in the section for the Mecklenburg nobility , is based on the younger one Family coat of arms, but the falcon between the buffalo horns is missing on the helmet. That the (later) Mecklenburg variant -with falcons- (the helmet ornament shows similarity to that in the coat of arms of the Lauenburg-Mecklenburg / Lower Saxony line of those von Schack , from which sex the mother of the progenitor of the Mecklenburg chain castle line came, whereby the stylized lily also includes the basic shape of the outline of a stylized bird) then also prevailed in the Lüneburg home, which explains why the line that remained in Lüneburg expired in 1744, whereupon the Mecklenburg heirs - as the closest tribal relatives - returned to their home, and their variant brought with them, even if, as can be seen in the Frankfurt patriciate coat of arms, they occasionally put the tower crest on a second helmet as a reminiscence .

Representative

Family grave on Matgendorf

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch , album Mecklenburgischer Schlösser und Landgüter , Volume 1 (1860-1862): Matgendorf
  2. ↑ Protestant since 1568, a Catholic clergyman appointed during the Thirty Years' War in 1630 because of Tilly's occupation was lynched on Martin's Day in 1631 . See the church chronicle of Visselhövede
  3. ↑ a b c The Frankfurt patriciate: Kettenburg , after F. Grütter, History of the noble family von der Kettenburg in the Fürstenthum Lüneburg , in: Journal of the historical association for Lower Saxony , year 1878, pp. 49–75; GHdA , Freiherrliche Häuser A , Volume I (1952); GHdA, Adelslexikon , Volume VI (1987).
  4. ^ Church chronicle of Visselhövede
  5. ^ Marie-Catherine Baronin von Kettenburg on thepeerage.com , accessed on August 21, 2015.
  6. ↑ Martin Dragon: Herrnstein Castle  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (2008; PDF; 6.6 MB)@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.hollenberg-gymnasium.de  
  7. ^ Institute for German Aristocracy Research: Nobles in files of the Schutzstaffelführung ; Helmut Heiber , files of the party chancellery of the NSDAP: Register , Volume 1 (1983), p. 748
  8. ↑ J. Siebmacher / P. Prince, Nuremberg 1701
  9. ^ Siebmacher: Braunschweigische.
  10. ↑ Siebmacher: Mechelburgische.

Web links

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