Merschwitz (Nünchritz)

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Merschwitz
community Nünchritz
Coordinates: 51 ° 15 ′ 53 ″  N , 13 ° 24 ′ 27 ″  E
Height : 100 m above sea level NN
Residents : 603  (2009)
Incorporation : January 1, 1994
Incorporated into: Diesbar-Seusslitz
Postal code : 01612
Primaries : 035265, 035267

Merschwitz is a district of the municipality of Nünchritz in the Meißen district in Saxony, on the right side of the Elbe .

Merschwitz (Nünchritz), aerial photo (2017)

history

Memorial for the trade route Via Regia (Hohe Strasse) in Merschwitz

The village of Merschwitz is believed to have been founded in the 9th century; it was first mentioned in 1345 as Merazwitz in a document which documents the donation of several fields from the Merschwitz corridor by Friedrich von Polenz to the Clare Monastery of Seusslitz . However, over the centuries there were a number of other different spellings of the place name: 1345 Merazwitz , 1350 Merschnwicz and Meretschwicz , 1379 Meraczwicz , 1380 Meraczwycz , 1399 Merschwitz and Merschewitz , 1406 Merczschewicz , 1482 Merßwicz , 1537 Merschwitz , and finally 1540 Merschewitz again Merschwitz . Around 1791 a spelling with the addition of Merschwitz, bey Seusslitz was used, around 1875 then Merschwitz near Großenhain and later also Merschwitz an der Elbe . The place name is probably derived from a forest in the area called Mersche .

year Residents
1551 36
1764 35
1834 422
1871 533
1890 621
1910 729
1925 689
1939 714
1946 808
1950 868
1964 773
1990 1124
2008 620
2009 603

The place is on the Via Regia Lusatiae Superioris , the so-called High Street . The Merschwitzer ford through the Elbe to Boritz served for a long time to cross the river on this east-west trade route. The oldest and most important Elbe ferry of the Mark Meissen was later built at this point . As a result, the settlement developed into a reloading and distribution point for transported goods on their way through Europe from the Middle Ages, but this changed with the beginning of the railway age in the 19th century. The headquarters of the Bomätscher was in Merschwitz, the ship pulling was also carried out by men of the village. The Elbe flood in 2002 and the Elbe flood in 2013 flooded parts of Merschwitz.

The square village of Merschwitz was still an Allodium around 1350 , since 1380 there was a Vorwerk belonging to Seusslitz Monastery in the area of ​​the settlement. It was sold to the Saxon Chancellor Simon Pistoris in 1543 after the dissolution of the monastery due to the Reformation in 1540 as part of the Seusslitz manor and converted into the independent Merschwitz manor by dividing the estate in 1567. It remained in the possession of the Pistoris von Seusslitz family until the death of their last descendant in 1833 . In the period that followed, there were several changes of ownership until the estate finally came into the possession of the Glashütte watch manufacturer Kurt Lange in 1914, who was expropriated after the Second World War .

The administrative affiliation of Merschwitz was in 1406 with the care Hayn , 1696 with the office Hayn , 1856 with the judicial office in Großenhain and in 1875 with the administrative authority of Großenhain . From 1952 Merschwitz belonged to the newly created Riesa district . The neighboring villages of Leckwitz and Naundörfchen were incorporated into Merschwitz in 1974, which together with Goltzscha came to Diesbar-Seusslitz in 1994 . On January 1, 2003 Diesbar-Seusslitz merged with Nünchritz, making Merschwitz a part of this community. Merschwitz had already become part of the Riesa-Großenhain district in 1994 , which in turn was expanded to form the new Meißen district from 2008 .

Culture and sights

Buildings worth seeing in Merschwitz include the baroque manor house and the cavalier house of the former manor, the Protestant church, the rectory and the town's schoolhouse. The now renovated tower crane of the former sawmill is a technical monument. The Elberadweg also leads through Merschwitz.

Merschwitz Church

Merschwitz Church

The oldest mention of a church in Merschwitz can be found in 1495 in the writings of the overarching Catholic preposition Meißen . This building was probably built as an extension of a chapel in the Vorwerk. When the Merschwitz manor was created in 1567, there was a report of a church and rectory in the village.

At the beginning of the 18th century the village received a new church. It was badly damaged in the Seven Years' War and was repaired by 1765. Another fire destroyed the church in 1805, the reconstruction took place until 1893. The demolition of a renovation in the 1960s made further use as a prayer house impossible. It was not until a quarter of a century later that the building was in ruins - on the first Sunday in Advent in 1989 the evangelical church in Merschwitz was consecrated again.

Among other things, it has a winged altar that was created in 1517 by the Großenhain master Pankratius Gruber. The wooden work has survived all the destruction of the building and was completely restored in 2000. It shows Mary with the baby Jesus , standing by her side on the right John the Baptist and on the left Apostle Peter .

There are also stone portraits and tombstones of the formerly resident Pistoris family on the church grounds; The grave of the later manor owners Sachße is located in the nearby cemetery .

The neighboring towns of Goltzscha, Leckwitz and Naundörfchen were parish off to Merschwitz, and the Merschwitz church has since become part of the Großenhainer Land parish .

Merschwitz School

A first secondary school for the children of Goltzscha, Leckwitz, Merschwitz and Naundörfchen was built in Merschwitz as early as 1841. The village school was rebuilt from 1901 to 1904. School operations were discontinued in 2004 after a hundred years. Since 2009 the building has been converted into a new day care center for Merschwitz and Seusslitz . A while back exposed stone prayer line " Thy kingdom come " at the portal of the listed school made in November 2010 for political dispute within the council about their Nünchritz more visibility.

Sports

The sports club TSV Merschwitz 1912, which has been active for more than 100 years, maintains departments for bowling and football. The footballers were 2009 and 2010 hosts INTERSPORT - kicker -Fußballcamps at which several DFB participating trainers. With almost one hundred participants each, both events were among the largest children's football camps in Germany of those years.

Merschwitz sawmill

Refurbished tower crane of the old sawmill

Until the middle of the 19th century there was a brick factory in Merschwitz that was famous for the beaver tails it produced . Due to the lack of the necessary raw material clay, the site was converted into a sawmill in 1876, which from then on chopped up Bohemian raft wood. The steam sawmill Otto Schulze sold its cut timber locally, but also shipped it on the Elbe to Hamburg. After a fire in 1952, the plant ceased operations in 1958.

The steam engine used earlier to drive the saw frame was constructed in 1898 in the R. Wolf locomotive factory in Magdeburg-Buckau. This wet steam composite locomotive with the serial number 6313 is considered the third oldest steam locomotive in the German-speaking area. In 1985 it came into the possession of the TU Dresden as a technical monument, in 1996 the Museum of Historical Steam Engines and Motors in Goyatz, Brandenburg , took over the machine.

In 1876 a tower crane for stacking wood was built on the site , which was operated electrically from 1921. It originally had a fourteen-meter boom. The slewing crane building, which had fallen into disrepair since its decommissioning, had a Nünchritz entrepreneur restored from 2007 to 2009. The slewing gear was deactivated, the newly integrated boom is twelve meters long.

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Merschwitz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

  • Ev.-Luth. Superintendentur Großenhain (Ed.): Between Elbe and Elster - churches and chapels in the church district of Großenhain . Grossenhain 2002.
  • Cornelius Gurlitt : Merschwitz. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 37. Issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Grossenhain (Land) . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1914, p. 170.

Footnotes and individual references

  1. ↑ a b c d Merschwitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Nünchritz community - Merschwitz history. (No longer available online.) In: nuenchritz.de. Nünchritz municipal administration , March 31, 2010, formerly the original ; Retrieved July 31, 2011 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.nuenchritz.de
  3. ↑ a b c The Grossenhain, Radeberg and Bischofswerda inspections . In: Hermann Schmidt (Hrsg.): Saxony's Church Gallery . Eighth division. Hermann Schmidt, Dresden 1842, Merschwitz, p. 158 f .
  4. ↑ a b Ev.-Luth. Superintendentur Großenhain (Ed.): Between Elbe and Elster - churches and chapels in the church district of Großenhain . Großenhain 2002, p. 40 .
  5. ^ Matthias Donath : Castles between Elbe and Elster . Meißen 2007, p. 61 .
  6. ↑ Jörg Richter: MERSCHWITZ - Merschwitzer Bible verse remains visible . In: Saxon newspaper . DD + V, November 24, 2010, ZDB -ID 2448502-0 .
  7. ^ Riesa: Next soccer camp not until 2012 . In: Saxon newspaper . DD + V, June 24, 2010, ZDB -ID 2448502-0 .
  8. ↑ MERSCHWITZ - Steam engine should return . In: Saxon newspaper . DD + V, August 7, 2008, ZDB -ID 2448502-0 .
  9. ↑ MERSCHWITZ - Old tower crane renewed . In: Saxon newspaper . DD + V, December 23, 2008, ZDB -ID 2448502-0 .
  10. ↑ Tower crane. In: turmkran1921-merschwitz.de. Gusztáv Gál, March 25, 2009, accessed July 31, 2011 .
  11. ^ Riesa: Romy Logsch - Your way into bobsleigh . In: Saxon newspaper . DD + V, February 16, 2008, ZDB -ID 2448502-0 .