Submarine class 206
.jpg) U 24
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The class 206 submarines are a German submarine class that was built for the German Navy . The boats all entered service in the 1970s. Six submarines were decommissioned between 1996 and 1998. Twelve were converted to 1990 Type 206 submarine A, made from 2004 to 2011 and decommissioned by the Type 212 submarine replaced. Two of the boats have been in service in the Colombian Navy since 2015 .
Development history
According to the Paris Treaties of 1954, Germany was allowed to build submarines up to a size of 350 ts standard displacement. In 1962 this limit was raised to 1,000 ts. Against this background, the development of the class 206 began in 1962 with the aim of building more powerful and improved boats than the class 205 . The main improvement required was to enlarge the battery again and reduce the ballast.
The fire control system, which enabled the use of wire-guided torpedoes, was also improved. In order to be able to carry sea mines without reducing the torpedo load, mine belts were built for the boats, which made it possible to carry 24 mines outside the hull. The main structural features of class 205 were retained, including the arrangement of the armament, the use of non-magnetizable steel and the design as a single-hulled boat with a watertight compartment. The sonar was arranged more favorably than the class 205 under a sonar dome typical for the class 206 on the bow.
The boats were primarily built for use in coastal areas and were intended to combat surface ships, submarines and supply traffic. The construction made of non-magnetizable steel was used to protect against mines and detection by MAD sensors.
Following a tender, the Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft (HDW) and Rheinstahl Nordseewerke GmbH (RNSW), today Thyssen Nordseewerke GmbH (TNSW), were commissioned with the construction.
Use and engagement
The 18 boats were assigned to the 1st submarine squadron (6 boats) in Kiel and the 3rd submarine squadron (1st / 3rd UG) in Eckernförde (12 boats) and formed the core of the German navy's submarine flotilla . In February 1998, all still active boats were combined in the 1st basement in Eckernförde.
During the Cold War , the boats were mainly used in the Baltic Sea and the Baltic Sea accesses. In the event of war, their main task would have been to combat opposing landing units. In addition, operations against opposing surface forces in the northern flank area of NATO were planned, as far as the range of the boats allowed. During exercises against large, well-protected fleet formations, the boats proved to be extremely difficult to locate, and they even managed to break into the security of US aircraft carrier formations. During a joint maneuver in the Caribbean, U 24 managed to get close to the Enterprise unnoticed by the security vehicles, successfully fired a simulated torpedo fan at the carrier and photographed it through the periscope.
After U 29 had already undertaken a Mediterranean voyage in 1979 and sank the former destroyer 1 during a practice shooting off Crete , several training voyages of class 206 boats to distant sea areas took place in the later years in order to gain experience for the next generation of boats.
Since the 1990s, the boats have been regularly involved in missions and exercises in the Mediterranean. This included supporting Operation Sharp Guard and participating in Operation Active Endeavor . In addition, there were individual training projects on the west side of the Atlantic, especially in the US Navy training areas in the Caribbean .
Technical specifications
- Range: approx. 4500 nautical miles at 6 kn above water; submerged approx. 280 nm at 4 kn
- Sea endurance: approx. 30 days
- Time under water: approx. 96 hours
- Loadable armament
- equipment
-
Withdrawable devices :
- ELO / UM mast ( electronic warfare )
- Periscope
- Rod antenna
- Snorkel with integrated navigation periscope
- radar
- Sonar DBQS21 underwater locator active and passive
- Gun control system SLW83 Krupp Atlas Elektronik
- Rudder: 2 extendable surfaces are used as the front depth rudder , which are convex or concave and thus generate upward or downward force when the flow is flowing in. This has the advantage that these rudders can be fully retracted at zero position and thus do not cause any disturbing flow noise. In contrast to many submarines of the type 205, the rudder is located behind the propeller in its flow , the rear down rudders are attached to a down rudder support, which also holds the lower bearing of the rudder.
-
Withdrawable devices :
- Crew: 23
- Construction costs: € 135 million each
units
- Federal Navy or German Navy
Between 1973 and 1975 18 boats of the class 206 were put into service with the German Navy . They were stationed in two submarine squadrons in the Baltic Sea. Some of the boats were modified to class 206 A. The decommissioning of the class began in the late 1990s, beginning with the unmodified boats of the class 206. The decommissioning of the last six submarines of the class 206 A in service with the German Navy was decided in the first week of June 2010. They were taken out of service with immediate effect (decommissioned on June 1, 2010) and placed at the Eckernförde naval base . The U 15 and U 17 were decommissioned in December 2010, the remaining four boats followed in March 2011. So far, no boat of this class has been preserved as a museum. Only the copies given to Colombia still exist . Only the Israeli submarine Gal (similar to class 206) can be visited as a museum.
| Identifier | Surname | version | Shipyard | Keel laying | Launch | Commissioning | unit | Decommissioning | Whereabouts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S192 | U 13 | 206 |
 HDW , Kiel
|
15th November 1969 | 29th September 1971 | April 19, 1973 | 3rd submarine squadron in Eckernförde | March 26, 1997 | Handover to Indonesia canceled, scrapped |
| S193 | U 14 | 206 |
NSW , Emden
|
March 1, 1970 | February 1, 1972 | April 19, 1973 | 3rd submarine squadron in Eckernförde | March 26, 1997 | Handover to Indonesia canceled, scrapped |
| S194 | U 15 | 206 206A from 11/27/1989 |
HDW, Kiel
|
June 1, 1970 | June 15, 1972 | 17th July 1974 | 3rd submarine squadron in Eckernförde | December 14, 2010 | |
| S195 | U 16 | 206 206A from 03/14/1988 |
NSW, Emden
|
November 1, 1970 | August 29, 1972 | November 9, 1973 | 3rd submarine squadron in Eckernförde | March 31, 2011 | Kiel, spare parts donor for Colombia |
| S196 | U 17 | 206 206A from September 18, 1989 |
HDW, Kiel
|
1st October 1970 | October 10, 1972 | November 28, 1973 | 3rd submarine squadron in Eckernförde | December 14, 2010 | |
| S197 | U 18 | 206 206A from 04/04/1990 |
NSW, Emden
|
April 1, 1971 | October 31, 1972 | 19th December 1973 | 3rd submarine squadron in Eckernförde | March 31, 2011 | Kiel, spare parts donor for Colombia |
| S198 | U 19 | 206 |
HDW, Kiel
|
5th January 1971 | December 15, 1972 | November 9, 1973 | 1st submarine squadron in Kiel | August 23, 1998 | Takeover by Indonesia did not take place, scrapped |
| S199 | U 20 | 206 |
NSW, Emden
|
3rd September 1971 | 16th January 1973 | May 24, 1974 | 1st submarine squadron in Kiel | September 26, 1996 | Takeover by Indonesia did not take place, scrapped |
| S170 | U 21 | 206 |
HDW, Kiel
|
April 15, 1971 | March 9, 1973 | August 16, 1974 | 1st submarine squadron in Kiel | June 3, 1998 | Takeover by Indonesia did not take place, preservation as a museum boat in Eckernförde failed, scrapped |
| S171 | U 22 | 206 206A from January 9th, 1989 |
NSW, Emden
|
18th November 1971 | March 27, 1973 | July 26, 1974 | 3rd submarine squadron in Eckernförde | December 18, 2008 | scrapped in Aliaga |
| S172 | U 23 | 206 206A from 08/10/1987 |
NSW, Emden
|
March 5th 1973 | May 25, 1974 | May 2nd 1975 | 3rd submarine squadron in Eckernförde | March 31, 2011 | to Colombia ( ARC Intrépido ) |
| S173 | U 24 | 206 206A from March 1991 |
NSW, Emden
|
March 20, 1972 | June 26, 1973 | October 16, 1974 | 3rd submarine squadron in Eckernförde | March 31, 2011 | to Colombia ( ARC Indomable ) |
| S174 | U 25 | 206 206A from 08/29/1988 |
HDW, Kiel
|
July 1, 1971 | May 25, 1973 | June 14, 1974 | 3rd submarine squadron in Eckernförde | January 31, 2008 | Equipped by the WTD 71 with externally controllable lifting / lowering device and used in 2011 for blast tests, finally lifted on January 18, 2012 |
| S175 | U 26 | 206 206A from July 2nd, 1990 |
NSW, Emden
|
July 14, 1972 | 20th November 1973 | March 13, 1975 | 3rd submarine squadron in Eckernförde | November 9, 2005 | scrapped |
| S176 | U 27 | 206 |
HDW, Kiel
|
1st October 1971 | August 21, 1973 | October 16, 1974 | 1st submarine squadron in Kiel | June 13, 1996 | scrapped |
| S177 | U 28 | 206 206A from April 17, 1989 |
NSW, Emden
|
4th October 1972 | 22nd January 1974 | 18th December 1974 | 3rd submarine squadron in Eckernförde | June 30, 2004 | scrapped |
| S178 | U 29 | 206 206A from 07/01/1987 |
HDW, Kiel
|
January 10, 1972 | 5th November 1973 | November 27, 1974 | 3rd submarine squadron in Eckernförde | December 31, 2006 | scrapped in Aliaga |
| S179 | U 30 | 206 206A from 05/30/1988 |
NSW, Emden
|
5th December 1972 | April 4th 1974 | March 13, 1975 | 3rd submarine squadron in Eckernförde | January 31, 2007 | scrapped |
- Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Laut (TNI-AL)
In 1997/1998 the Indonesian Navy planned to take over five used Class 206 units from the German Navy , which were not to be modernized to the 206 A standard, but to be made suitable for use in the tropics. The handover did not take place in the end, although names and tactical numbers had already been assigned and at least on Nagabanda (ex-U 14) the redrawing on the tower and the setting of the Indonesian flag took place.
| Identifier | Surname | Formerly | Commissioning | unit | Decommissioning | Whereabouts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 403 | KRI Nagarangsang |
U 13 (S192) ,
|
? | - | ? | Handover canceled, scrapped |
| 404 | KRI Nangabanda |
U 14 (S193) ,
|
? | - | ? | Handover canceled, scrapped |
| 405 | KRI Bramastra |
U 19 (S198) ,
|
not happened | - | - | Handover did not take place, scrapped |
| 406 | KRI Cundamani |
U 21 (S170) ,
|
not happened | - | - | Handover did not take place, scrapped |
| 407 | KRI Alugoro |
U 20 (S199) ,
|
not happened | - | - | only material reserve / spare parts donor handover not carried out, scrapped |
- Royal Navy
The Royal Thai Navy announced in March 2011 its intention to acquire six used boats for around 180 million euros. However, the country's cabinet initially put the project on hold in May 2011. Thus there was no takeover of class 206 A submarines by Thailand.
- Armada Nacional de Colombia
In spring 2012, Colombia announced its intention to take over two boats including armament (hake torpedoes) and a training and maintenance package for its Armada Nacional de Colombia as part of the strategic naval plan 2011-2014. The drive and cabin cooling systems are expected to be optimized for use in the tropical waters of the Caribbean . The Colombian Navy then took over two used boats of the 206 A class from the German Navy on August 27, 2012 in the naval arsenal in Kiel , which were put into service the following day. Two other boats are kept ready as spare parts donors. These four boats are the last surviving examples of the class. The first two submarines of this type were last shipped to South America after joint training in the Baltic Sea. They entered active service in the Colombian Navy on December 5, 2015. The Colombian Navy intends to use the boats to secure oil areas on the Colombian Caribbean coast and to combat cocaine smugglers.
| Identifier | Surname | Formerly | Commissioning | unit | Decommissioning | Whereabouts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ? | ARC Intrépido |
U 23 ,
|
August 28, 2012 | Fuerza Naval del Caribe in Cartagena | - | Colombia |
| ? | ARC Indomable |
U 24 ,
|
August 28, 2012 | Fuerza Naval del Caribe in Cartagena | - | Colombia |
| - | - |
U 16 ,
|
- | - | - | Kiel, spare parts donor |
| - | - |
U 18 ,
|
- | - | - | Kiel, spare parts donor |
- Israeli Navy
In the early 1970s, Israel had three Gal-class submarines built in Great Britain for its navy , which are based on, but not part of, the 206 class. The exterior of the Gal class boats differ from the 206 class by a modified rudder system and tower shape as well as by a flank array sonar that was later attached along the hull . All boats are now decommissioned. The type boat can be viewed as a museum in Haifa .
literature
- Eberhard Rössler : The submarine class 206/206 A of the German Navy . 2012, ISBN 978-3-8132-0942-6 .
See also
Web links
- Bundeswehr Classix: Submarine Class 206 (1975) ( YouTube video)
- Last joint departure of 6 class 206A submarines (Eckernförde Bay, August 30, 2010)
- David versus Goliath - A story from the depths of the Cold War (detailed report by the commander about a training mission of U 20s)
Individual evidence
- ^ Siegfried Breyer, Gerhard Koop: The ships, vehicles and planes of the German Navy 1956 until today . Munich 1996, ISBN 3-7637-5950-6 .
- ↑ Lutz Nohse, Eberhard Roessler: Modern coastal submarines . Munich 1972. ISBN 3-469-00390-4 .
- ↑ a b Hannes Ewerth: The U-Flotilla of the German Navy . Herford 1988. ISBN 3-7822-0398-4 .
- ↑ a b submarine class 206 A. In: Marine. Bundeswehr, April 7, 2011, archived from the original on May 14, 2011 ; Retrieved January 24, 2015 (Class 206 A was withdrawn from use on June 1 to increase the availability of Class 212 A submarines.).
- ^ A b Günther Stiller: The target photo that made a US admiral angry ( memento from October 12, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), Hamburger Abendblatt from August 8, 2007.
- ↑ Submarines and mine-hunting boats in the Mediterranean . In: Marineforum 6-1997, p. 30.
- ↑ Matthias Faermann, Arne Herrler: The submarine flotilla of the German Navy . In: Marineforum 4-2004 p. 11 ff.
- ^ Joint fleet exercises in the Caribbean . In: Marineforum 6-1997, p. 31.
- ↑ a b Underwater weapons for submarines - Torpedo DM 2A4 , West Germany. Submarines ( Memento from July 5, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ August 26, 2010: Navy: Press release / press event: Last departure - class 206 A submarines say goodbye to their home port Eckernförde (with picture)
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Bruno Bock: Built at HDW, 150 years Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft AG . Koehler Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Herford 1988, ISBN 3-7822-0450-6 , p. 196–197 (with assistance from Walter Awolin).
- ^ A b c d e Hans Karr: German submarines - since 1956 . Motorbuchverlag, Stuttgart 2014, ISBN 978-3-613-03708-3 , p. 44–45 (“Type Compass” series).
- ↑ a b "U 22" and "U 29" end in Aliaga. In: Kiel Wasser - News from the shipping industry. November 23, 2013, accessed January 24, 2015 .
- ↑ Shot: U 25 returns home. In: Eckernförder Zeitung. ape / ez, January 25, 2012, accessed July 21, 2015 .
- ↑ a b Werner Globke (Ed.): Weyers Flottentaschenbuch 1997/1998. Bernhard & Graefe Verlag, Bonn 1998, pp. 120–121.
- ↑ a b c d e Werner Globke (Ed.): Weyers Flottentaschenbuch 1997/1998. Bernhard & Graefe Verlag, Bonn 1998, p. 558.
- ↑ Thailand is buying old German submarines. In: time online. dpa, March 28, 2011, accessed on January 24, 2015 .
- ↑ Presidente Santos Activo dos Submarinos de la Armada Nacional. In: wp.presidencia.gov.co. December 5, 2015, accessed December 8, 2015 (Spanish).
- ↑ El Tiempo: Col. eltiempo.com, November 12, 2015, accessed November 15, 2015 (Spanish).
- ↑ a b c German submarines hunt cocaine smugglers. In: n-tv.de. December 8, 2015, accessed December 8, 2015 .
- ↑ Gal. globalsecurity.net, July 9, 2011, accessed January 24, 2015 .