Dießen Monastery
The monastery Dießen is a former Augustinian canons - pen in Diessen in Bavaria in the diocese of Augsburg . Today it is a priory of the Diocesan Congregation of the Benedictine Sisters of St. Alban .
history
First monastery founded
Dießen Monastery could have been another foundation of the Huosi . When exactly it was founded is unknown. One can assume that it was already around 740/760 and was occupied by nuns. The first notarization dates from the year 810/815, when a councilor made a donation. The name of the donor suggests an early representative of the later Counts of Andechs. However, around 810 there was a re-establishment by a Rathard, who Wolf assumed was a brother of Bishop Hartong of Augsburg. According to his name, Rathard could also have been a member of the later Counts of Andechs. It is said of him that he laid the foundation stone for a St. Georgen church "... ecclesia sancti Georgis ..." around 820/830 and had a priest's house built. There is no further information about the monastery about the period between 740 and 810/20. One can conclude that it was founded by the Huosi, since the monastery’s first large property was around Raisting, a heartland of the Huosi. The first monastery was only given a short life, because around 955 it was destroyed by the marauding hordes of Hungarians, the nuns raped and murdered and the monastery set on fire.
Second founding of a monastery
middle Ages
The Augustinian canons of St. Maria were founded around 1114 by Counts Otto and Berthold II of Dießen. As the first provost, Canon Hartwig was appointed by the Augustinian canons of Rottenbuch . Around 1123 the monastery was relocated from St. Georgen to St. Stephan to the place of today's monastery. Already in 1132 the Holy See took the double monastery under its apostolic protection and confirmed all possessions of the monastery.
The monastery consecrated to Our Lady was originally founded as a double monastery , which means that a women's monastery was also affiliated, but it already went out in the 14th century.
In 1158 the Counts of Dießen bequeathed all their possessions in and around Dießen with all their serfs, fishing rights and forests to the monastery. The castle of the counts on today's castle hill also went to the monastery, but with the condition that the system had to be razed. Around 1170, Count Dietrich von Wasserburg donated his court to Rieden to the monastery. The monastery thus acquired a closed property that was to form the basis of the later monastery courtyard mark.
The free market in Dießen came to the monastery in 1302 as part of the Mathilde donation, but had already regained all rights by Duke Ludwig the Bavarian in 1326. In this way, two clearly separated legal areas arose in Dießen itself, of which the abrupt transition from the Herrenstrasse, which is under the ban on the market, to the monastic Hofmark, still testifies today. The monastery lost its jurisdiction over the market, but 80 properties, especially in the upper market, were still landable for the monastery. However, there were legal disputes between the market and the monastery over several centuries, which often resulted in arbitration from outside.
In 1330, Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian granted the monastery lower jurisdiction , in the case of Dießen this can only be seen as a confirmation of old rights.
Klosterhofmark
Lachen , Romenthal , Bierdorf , Engenried , St. Alban , Riederau , Rieden , St. Georgen , Wengen and Bischofsried belonged to the closed monastery hofmark of the Augustinian canons monastery itself . From 1696 Pitzeshofen , Unterbeuern , Steinebach and Holzhausen am Ammersee were added.
The monastery also owned the Hofmark Raisting since 1642, to which Raisting , Sölb and Ertlmühle belonged . The Hofmark Brunnen also belonged to the monastery since the end of the 15th century .
Early modern age
The first school in Diessen also goes back to the monastery. Founded around 1530 by Provost Hieronymus Viti, the monopoly on education was with the monastery until secularization.
In 1632 and 1634 the monastery was sacked by the Swedes and in 1704 by the emperor's troops.
After the devastation of the Thirty Years' War , the monastery was only expanded or partially rebuilt after 1673 under Provost Renatus Sonntag. Under Provost Herkulan Karg, Michael Fischer built the new monastery church between 1720 and 1728.
secularization
The monastery was dissolved in 1803 in the course of secularization . 1284 works from the monastery library came to the Bavarian State Library , another 350 to the Munich University Library. Parts of the monastery complex were demolished, the Klosterschwaigen Thann , Achselschwang , Mischenried and Romenthal as well as three church bells , liturgies and the extensive forest, pasture and livestock were largely sold to private individuals. At the time of the dissolution, 18 convent lords and 5 lay brothers lived in the monastery.
In 1867 Dominican women from Landsberg acquired some of the farm buildings and set up the St. Joseph Monastery, which had been independent since 1895, in connection with a girls' school in part of the farm yard. The Liebfrauenschule Dießen (girls' secondary school) later became the responsibility of the diocese of Augsburg.
In 1917, the Vinzentinerinnen from Augsburg (Barmherzige Sisters) acquired the surviving convent buildings south of the church and operated their mother house there until 1968. In 1934, part of the west wing of the monastery, which had been destroyed after secularization, was rebuilt by Michael Kurz, where older sisters of the Vincentian Sisters lived. The parish center with the church of St. Stephen has been located in a grain box from 1627 north of the church since the late 1980s.
clinic
In 2014 the monastery was abandoned by the Vincentians and all the sisters returned to the mother house in Augsburg.
The Artemed-Klinikverbund acquired the monastery building and set up a psychosomatic clinic there. The renovated and partially redesigned monastery building now offers space for 98 patients. The clinic finally opened on May 3, 2018.
Monastery of Dießen St. Alban
The pilgrimage church of St. Alban has had a monastery of the Guardian Angel Sisters ( Missionary Benedictine Sisters ) since 1923 , and the diocesan congregation of the Benedictine Sisters of St. Alban since 1957. The building, erected in the 1960s, houses the independent priory , the sisters run a children's home and work in the mission in South Africa .
Row of provosts
source
- Hartwig, 1132-1173
- Deginhard, † 1205
- Ortlieb, res. 1224
- Heinrich I, † 1242
- Albert, res. 1250
- Conrad I., 1250-1263
- Heinrich II., 1363, 1275
- Otto, deposed in 1285
- Seifrid Pachrewter, deposed in 1290
- Otto (2nd term of office), 1290–1294
- Friedrich, 1297
- Berthold I., 1312, † 1316
- Conrad II, 1316-1351
- Henry III. Meilinger, 1351-1359
- Ulrich I. Schleher, 1395
- Jakob Pienzenauer, 1399, res. 1438
- Thomas Vendt, † 1447
- Conrad III. Sartor, 1447-1457
- Conrad IV. Marstaller, 1457-1460
- Johann I. Schoen, 1460-1474
- Johann II. Zallinger, 1474–1496
- Conrad V. Maurer, 1496-1512
- Hieronymus Viti, 1512-1534
- Johann III. Dietmair, † 1558
- Bernhard Freymayr, deposed in 1567
- Ulrich II. Trieg, 1567–1569 as administrator , 1569–1573 provost
- Johann IV. Reismair, 1573–1589
- Balthasar Gunther, 1589–1611
- Simon Werlin, 1611-1648
- Anton Iglmayr, 1648–1673
- Renatus Sunday, 1673–1690
- Andreas Sedlmayr, 1690–1719, received the pontificals in 1707
- Ivo Baader, 1719-1728
- Herculan Karg, 1728-1755
- Berthold II. Wolff, 1755–1797
- Ferdinand Grasl, 1797–1803, † 1829
Monastery complex
Monastery church
The Marienmünster Dießen was rebuilt between 1732 and 1739 by the baroque master builder Johann Michael Fischer . The stucco work comes from the Feichtmayr brothers, a pulpit is the work of Johann Baptist Straub . Also worth seeing are the altar paintings by Giovanni Battista Tiepolo and Giovanni Battista Pittoni, as well as a statue of Peter by Erasmus Grasser . Since secularization, the sacred building has served as the Catholic parish church of the market in Dießen.
Monastery building
Origins
The monastery complex of the former Augustinian canons of Dießen is located on a hill sloping to the east above the market in Dießen, east of St. Georgen.
The origins and the location of today's monastery go back to the residential palace of the Counts of Dießen, which was converted into a monastery in the 12th century by provost Hartwig through renovations and additions. A new collegiate church was also consecrated in 1182.
After the destruction of the complex by Duke Leopold's troops in 1315, the monastery complex was rebuilt, and the new Gothic church, which was to last until the construction of today's Marienmünster , also came from this time .
In the course of the late Middle Ages, the monastery was expanded several times and enclosed under Provost John II.
Baroque monastery complex
It was only under Provost Simon Wörle around 1620 that a new square building was initiated according to the spatial ideas of the 17th century. Due to the ravages of the Thirty Years' War, in which the monastery was looted in 1632 and 1634, this new construction was delayed for several decades.
Construction work only resumed in 1673 under Provost Renatus Sonntag. Provost Renatus Sonntag probably had the builder Michael Thumb draft a new plan. Although the buildings erected under Provost Simon Wörle were to be preserved in the 1620s, the planning included a redesign and expansion of the original plans. The dilapidated Gothic monastery church should also be replaced.
The convent buildings south of the old collegiate church were expanded to include closed inner courtyards. Nevertheless, slight asymmetries remained due to the older predecessor buildings.
The complex was completed in 1688. The central center of the monastery complex, the Marienmünster, was only built by Johann Michael Fischer from 1732 to 1739.
South of the collegiate church is the three-storey convent building with inner courtyard and fountain, which was partially rebuilt in 1934, as well as the former boys' school, north of the former grain box and stables from 1627. The western front of the monastery included horse and sheep stables as well as farm and handicraft buildings, after the demolition in a row In the wake of secularization, the west of the cloister courtyard is now built with single-family houses and the new construction of the Dießen secondary school. In the west, today's monastery of St. Joseph goes back to a monastic farm building that was not rebuilt until the 19th century.
The pigeon tower at the northern end of the monastery complex, which was probably redesigned under Johann Michael Fischer, still appears striking today. Directly to the west is the former carriage shed of the monastery from around 1628.
However, most of the buildings in the southern area of the complex have been preserved. This is also the case with the old monastery mill from the construction of Provost Simon Wörle, which is now used as an electricity station. The former monastery bakery and other monastery buildings have also been preserved, only the former connecting tracts to the east and west wings fell victim to secularization.
Outside the actual monastery complex is the former monastery tavern to the north. To the southwest, the monastery garden connects with the Mühlbach flowing here with a waterfall as well as the orchard and the orangery .
To the east of the monastery complex overlooking the Ammersee there is a light orchard, which is separated by a tuff wall from the Hofmarksgasse, which is already behind the slope edge.
literature
- Karl Gattinger, Grietje Suhr: Landsberg am Lech, city and district (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria . Volume I.14 ). Verlag Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-7917-2449-2 .
- Josef Anton Hugo, Eduard Gabelsberger: Chronicle of the market and parish Diessen . Ed .: Markt Diessen am Ammersee. Jos. C. Huber, Dießen am Ammersee 1901.
- Pankraz Fried, Sebastian Hiereth: Altbayern row I issue 22-23: Landsberg district court and Rauhenlechsberg nursing court . In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria . Komm. Für Bayerische Landesgeschichte, Munich 1971 (327 pages).
- M. Aquinata Schnurer OP: Home book of the market in Dießen am Ammersee . Ed .: Markt Dießen am Ammersee. Dießen am Ammersee 1976 (329 pages).
- Pankraz Fried, Heinrich Winterholler: The Counts of Dießen-Andechs, Margraves of Istria, Count Palatine of Burgundy, Dukes of Merania, Dalmatia and Croatia. Founder of the former Augustinian Canons' Monastery in Dießen . Ed .: Markt Dießen am Ammersee. Munich 1988.
- Bruno Schweizer, Jos Schweizer: The Diessner Heimatbüchlein . Josef Reisinger, Dießen am Ammersee 1999 (70 pages).
Web links
-
Dießen Monastery , basic data and history:
Angelika Schuster-Fox: Dießen - Augustinian canons and missionary sisters on Lake Ammersee in the database of monasteries in Bavaria in the House of Bavarian History
Individual evidence
- ↑ Wolf: Documented Chronicle of Munich and the Surrounding Area II. 1854 p. 13
- ↑ Angelika Schuster-Fox: Dießen - Augustinian canons and missionary sisters on the Ammersee. Retrieved April 25, 2019 .
- ^ Historical Atlas of Bavaria - page 188. Retrieved April 20, 2019 .
- ↑ Armin Greune: When the soul hurts . In: sueddeutsche.de . 2018, ISSN 0174-4917 ( sueddeutsche.de [accessed January 25, 2019]).
- ↑ Michael Hartig: Die Oberbayerischen Stifts , Volume I: The Benedictine, Cistercian and Augustinian canons . Publisher vorm. G. J. Manz, Munich 1935, p. 195 f.
- ^ List of monuments in Dießen. Retrieved April 25, 2019 .
Coordinates: 47 ° 56 '53 " N , 11 ° 5' 50" E