Marienmünster Dießen

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Marienmünster ⊙
View from König-Ludwig-Weg
The bell tower over the roofs of the market

The Marienmünster Mariä Himmelfahrt is the former collegiate church of the Augustinian canons of Dießen am Ammersee in the Landsberg am Lech district in Upper Bavaria . Since secularization , the sacred building has served as the Catholic parish church of the market in Dießen.

history

The construction of the current church began in 1720 under Provost Ivo Bader. However, his successor, Provost Herkulan Karg (from 1728) is considered to be the real creator of the magnificent church. Karg (portrait in the nave) undertook two study trips in 1731 and 1733 to prepare for the building of the church, after having called in Johann Michael Fischer as an expert in 1729 . The Munich court architect François de Cuvilliés was probably involved in the drafts . The best contemporary workers from Munich, Augsburg and the Wessobrunn School also participated in the furnishing . The collaboration of painters such as Johann Georg Bergmüller and Johann Evangelist Holzer with the plasterers Franz Xaver Feichtmayr , Johann Michael Feichtmayr and Johann Georg Üblhör as well as the sculptors Johann Baptist Straub and Johann Joachim Dietrich (1690–1753) resulted in one of the most important spatial works of art of the Bavarian Baroque .

The elegant upper part of the slender bell tower was destroyed by lightning in 1827 and then replaced by a sober tower. In 1985/86 the tower was reconstructed by the architect Richard Zehentmeier from Munich.

The church was restored for the first time in 1883/84 and again in 1955/58. The extensive renovation that was necessary from 1979 to 1985 because of the threat of collapse was supplemented by the reconstruction of the tower. Inside, the work dragged on until 1990. In 1989, the Augsburg bishop Josef Stimpfle raised the parish church to "Marienmünster".

The Marienmünster was closed for construction work until November 2010. On November 28th it was reopened with a solemn service.

architecture

Bell tower seen from the monastery courtyard

The former collegiate church is an elongated, single-nave wall pillar construction with a total length of 70.30 meters. The nave width is 21.70 m. The apse of the choir is drawn in the width of the main nave. The nave is divided into four sections by the protruding wall pillars and spanned by a pressed barrel vault. The square choir was raised slightly and separated from the nave by a triumphal arch . In the west you first enter the rectangular anteroom with two side chapels. The organ gallery spans over it. The view of those entering from the west is involuntarily directed to the high altar . The side altars on the wall pillars and the sturdy choir arch with its stuccoed curtain give the impression of a baroque theater setting , which is enlivened by numerous putti , angels and saints. On the stage of this "holy theater" the high altar is the focus.

The exterior view is determined by the high tower of Johann Michael Fischer and the elegant west facade. The plastered areas are set off in gray, the architectural elements are painted light. The facade is structured by pilasters and crowned by a curved gable cover with vase attachments. Because of the stylistic features, the influence of Cuvillié is assumed here.

Furnishing

Architecture and furnishings complement each other to one of the best achievements of baroque church building in Bavaria in the 18th century. Due to the relatively short construction time, everything is coordinated, nothing disturbs or is a later addition.

Ceiling frescoes

The ceiling frescoes by Johann Georg Bergmüller show scenes from the history of the Canons in the nave. There is also a presumed self-portrait of the painter. Bergmüller wears a white work smock and a blue painter's cap and watches the entrance of St. Mechthild in the Dießen women's choir monastery St. Stephan. The dome over the chancel was painted in 1736 by Bergmüller with a group of 28 saints and blessed from the house of Andechs-Meranien, who crowd around Christ. On this Diessen sky are shown:

  1. Rasso , the founder of Grafrath
  2. Mechthildis , Abbess of Edelstetten
  3. Rathardus, founder of the Georgskirche in Dießen
  4. Euphemia, Mechthildi's sister and abbess of Altomünster
  5. Kunissa, founder of St. Stephan in Dießen
  6. Gertrud , Abbess of Altenberg
  7. Elisabeth of Thuringia
  8. Ludwig of Thuringia , her husband
  9. Adelindis, founder of Buchau am Federsee
  10. Hedwig of Silesia
  11. Elisabeth of Portugal
  12. Charlemagne
  13. Hildegard , founder of St. Lorenz in Kempten
  14. Count Gerold
  15. Hermit Luitpold from Breitbrunn
  16. Justina, his mother
  17. Lauritta von Wolfratshausen, co-founder of Dießen
  18. Emperor Heinrich
  19. Empress Kunigunde
  20. Stephan of Hungary
  21. Gisela von Bayern , his wife
  22. Adelheid , wife of Otto I.
  23. Konrad von Urach
  24. Konrad of Constance
  25. Hermit Romedius from Nonsberg in Trentino
  26. Wiltrudis, founder of Hohenwart Abbey
  27. Adela, founder of Göß Abbey in Leoben
  28. Bishop Ulrich of Lausanne

The rich wall and ceiling stucco by the brothers Feichtmayr and Franz Xaver Üblhers (Üblhör) shows vegetal, ornamental and figurative motifs and also contains some thematic statements.

Altars

High altar

The side altars come from different masters who each created a pair of altars. The two westernmost altars were built between 1737 and 1740 ( Aegid Verhelst ). The next pair was designed by Johann Baptist Straub , the next one by Verhelst, the eastern one by Ehrgott Bernhard Bendl . The two altar leaves Giovanni Battista Tiepolos (The Martyrdom of St. Sebastian, 1739, second right side altar) and Giovanni Battista Pittonis (Stoning of St. Stephen, second left side altar) testify to the international artistic sense of the Provost Karg . The altarpiece of the Michael altar with the depiction of the battle of the angels comes from Johann Evangelist Holzer .

The high altar by the Munich court sculptor Joachim Dietrich († June 4, 1753) fills the entire apse. The design could François de Cuvilliés were involved. The altarpiece shows the Assumption of Mary into Heaven (BA Albrecht, 1738), but can be sunk to give space for other representations during the church year. In front of the four-column structure are the more than twice life-size statues of the church fathers Augustine, Gregory the Elder. Gr., Ambrosius and Hieronymus (wood, white frame). Jerome is accompanied by a putto in a cardinal's hat.

Further equipment

The pulpit of Johann Baptist Straub is attached to the pillar of the Stephanus altar by the same master. On the pulpit there are two gold-plated reliefs, which have the conversion and the sermon of the apostle Paul on the subject. The sculpture on the sound cover depicts the rapture of Saint Paul. The pulpit and sound cover are populated by angels and putti and emphasize the middle of the left side of the community room.

On the cheeks of the stalls are some baroque procession poles with small, fully sculptural representations in rich frames.

The two large gravestones of the knight Stephan von Schmiechen zu Wackerstein (1495), the court master of the Duke of Bavaria and the posthumous tomb of the founder, Count Berthold I von Dießen (d. 1151), his son and grandson (1518) were taken over from the previous church ). Count Berthold stands in front of the viewer in Renaissance armor. Next to it, under the pulpit is the late Gothic (around 1470) high grave of his daughter, St. Mechthild (figurative cover plate).

In the choir there is a wooden figure of St. Petrus, an important work by Erasmus Grasser .

In the baptistery on the side of the vestibule is one of the minster's most popular works of art. The floating angel with his gold-plated pair of wings above the baptismal font is attributed to JB Straub.

The two oil paintings in the sacristy, they show Rasso and Mechthild , are by Johann Evangelist Holzer .

  • Interior of the Marienmünster

  • Interior to the east

  • View into the vault

  • The choir fresco

  • Angled look into the choir

  • The grave of the founder Berthold I.

  • St. Peter in the choir (Erasmus Grasser)

Koenig organ

The organ was built by Caspar König from Ingolstadt in 1739 and rebuilt by Max Maerz in 1878 while retaining the prospectus . In 1959, the instrument was extensively restored by Orgelbau Nenninger , with the playing and stop actions being rebuilt and the range expanded. In the course of a restoration by Gerhard Schmid in the years 1984–1987, the organ received an additional swell , a new four-manual console and further registers . The first manual was designed as a free coupling manual. The instrument now has 39 registers on four manuals and a pedal . The paddocks are available as steps: II / P, III / P, IV / P; II / I, III / I, IV / I; the organ is completely mechanical (register and action), there are no other playing aids.

The organ
The gaming table
II Hauptwerk C – g 3
1. Large paddock 16 ′
2. Principal 8th'
3. Portun 8th'
4th Coppel 8th'
5. Viol 8th'
6th Quintatön 8th'
7th Octave 4 ′
8th. Pointed flute 4 ′
9. Quint 3 ′
10. Super octave 2 ′
11. Mixture major IV
12. Mixture minor III
III substation C – g 3
13. Coppel 8th'
14th Principal 4 ′
15th Fletl 4 ′
16. Octave 2 ′
17th Quint 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
18th Cymbel II
19th Krummhorn 8th'
IV Swell C – g 3
20th Reed flute 8th'
21st Salicional 8th'
22nd Beat 8th'
23. Octave 4 ′
24. Transverse flute 4 ′
25th Nasat 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
26th recorder 2 ′
27. third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
28. Octave 1'
29 Plein jeu IV 2 ′
30th Trumpet harm. 8th'
31. Hautbois 8th'
Pedal C – f 1
32. Principal 16 ′
33. Sub-bass 16 ′
34. Fifth bass 10 2 ⁄ 3  ′
35. Octave bass 8th'
36. Chorale bass 4 ′
37. Mixture IV 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
38. trombone 16 ′
39. Trumpet 8th'

Bells

Since 1987, the ring has consisted of eight bells. Bells 3, 5 and 7 by Czudnochowsky are made of the copper-zinc alloy Euphon .

Bell shell and dome of the tower
No. Percussive
( HT - 1 / 16 )		 Diameter
(mm)		 Mass
(kg)		 Casting year Caster Casting location
1 g 0 −4 2100 5130 1987 Perner Passau
2 b 0 −1 1810 3540 1987 Perner Passau
3 c 1 −5 1560 1950 1950 Czudnochowsky Erding
4th d 1 −3 1445 1880 1987 Perner Passau
5 it 1 ± 0 1295 1064 1950 Czudnochowsky Erding
6th f 1 −4 1200 995 1987 Perner Passau
7th g 1 −2 1115 512 1950 Czudnochowsky Erding
8th b 1 −1 920 494

literature

  • Dagmar Dietrich, Wolf-Christian von der Mülbe: Former. Augustinian Canons Monastery in Diessen am Ammersee (Schnell & Steiner, Große Kunstführer, 128). 2nd edition Munich / Zurich 1986, ISBN 3-7954-0618-8 .
  • Festschrift for the reopening of the Dießen Heaven . Dießen, Catholic Parish Office 1985
  • I saw a new heaven - festive days on the occasion of the reopening of Heaven in Dießen . Dießen, Catholic Parish Office, 1985
  • Norbert Lieb: Marienmünster Diessen am Ammersee (Schnell & Steiner, Little Art Guide, 30). 18th edition Munich / Zurich 2000, ISBN 3-7954-4090-4 .
  • Werner Schnell: Marienmünster Diessen - former Augustinian canon church (Peda art guide, 531). Passau, 2001. ISBN 3-89643-531-0

Web links

Commons : Marienmünster Dießen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Diocese of Augsburg
  2. ↑ Betina Hausmanninger: Caspar König Organ in Marienmünster Dießen ( Memento from April 28, 2016 in the Internet Archive ). In: diessener-muensterkonzerte.de (DOC file; 31 kB).
  3. ^ The bells of the Marienmünster in Dießen am Ammersee . In: bistum-augsburg.de , accessed on January 17, 2016.

Coordinates: 47 ° 56 '53.5 "  N , 11 ° 5' 50.8"  E