Kramsta (entrepreneur family)

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Coat of arms of Kramsta-Frankenthal

The entrepreneurial family Kramsta founded the textile company "CG Kramsta & Sons", whose headquarters were in Freiburg in Lower Silesia . In the second half of the 19th century, the family owned industrial and commercial enterprises throughout the province of Silesia . Members of the family were raised to hereditary nobility from 1859 to 1862. The ancestors came from Bohemia , who first emigrated to Hoyerswerda as evangelical refugees after the battle of the White Mountain and later settled in Silesia.

history

The oldest known member of the family was Johann Georg Kramsta from Hoyerswerda, who was a master furrier in Freiburg, which belonged to the Duchy of Schweidnitz . His son Christian Gottlieb (1744–1804) was also a master furrier and was promoted to city ​​bailiff of Freiburg. His son of the same name, Christian Gottlieb Kramsta (1776–1838), was the founder and senior manager of a linen wholesaler in Freiburg. He initially traded in textiles and manufactured linen and cotton fabrics from around 1814. The company's ascent began after 1820 with the opening of several production facilities. Subsequently, branches were set up in Bolkenhain and a flax spinning mill in Merzdorf . For the trade department head Alexander von Minutoli, who was commissioned by the Prussian government to prepare reports on the cotton spinning mill in the Liegnitz administrative district in 1839/1840, the cotton spinning mill of Kramsta und Sons zu Nieder-Merzdorf was one of the most distinguished in the government department .

After this was destroyed by fire, two flax yarn spinning mills were set up in Freiburg. In Neisse , Upper Silesia , a branch for the purchase of yarn and a wholesaler for colonial goods was opened; in neighboring Ottmachau, a steam flour, barley, board cutting and bone meal mill was opened. Trading houses in Leipzig and Hamburg followed. The acquisition of ten manors in the Schweidnitz , Striegau and Freiburg area formed the basis for the establishment of a beet sugar boiler and a rapeseed oil factory.

In the period that followed, the family concentrated on managing the estates, especially after several members were raised to the nobility. In 1865 the Muhrau estate was built as a family seat. In 1875 Marie von Kramsta became the sole heir to the property in the main branch of the family; she became known as a philanthropist. After her death in 1923, the name passed to the family's sidelines. The businesses founded by the family continued to exist into the Third Reich, and forced laborers were also recently used in the factories. After the transition of Silesia to Poland after the Second World War in 1945, the family members of the Wietersheim-Kramsta branch and their descendants were expropriated and the remaining production facilities were nationalized.

The descendants of the family made a kindergarten possible at Muhrau Castle.

family members

  • Johann Georg Kramsta from Hoyerswerda, master furrier in Freiburg
    • Son Christian Gottlieb Kramsta (the elder, 1744–1804), master furrier, trader and governor of Freiburg
      • Christian Gottlieb Kramsta (the Younger, 1776–1838), senior boss of the linen wholesaler CG Kramsta
      • Karl Friedrich Kramsta (1779–1819), linen manufacturer and industrialist
      • Georg Gottlob Kramsta (1782–1850), linen manufacturer and industrialist (⚭ 1805) on Fürstenstein Juliane Krebs (1784–1837), daughter of Johann Gottfried Krebs, rent master of the Hochberg-Pless princes
        • Gottlob Heinrich Kramsta (born September 30, 1805, † July 9, 1829 in Munich), painter in Munich
        • Eduard von Kramsta (1810–1875), partner in the company and “Associé des Handelshaus G. Kramsta and Sons”; ⚭ his cousin Emilie, b. Kramsta († 1846); ran the family business together with his brother Gustav successfully during the 50s and 60s. In May 1861 he was ennobled at his own request; acquired extensive real estate in the Schweidnitz, Striegau and Freiburg area, owned the Cherbeney rule with the Kudowa spa in the county of Glatz in 1863 ; 1864–1874 Račice Castle in the Drahaner Bergland in Moravia . Built Muhrau Castle in 1865 .
          • Son of NN von Kramsta (* before 1843, † 1870)
          • Anna Elise von Kramsta (born February 5, 1840 in Freiburg / Silesia; † February 19, 1900 in Dresden) ⚭ September 12, 1859 Alfred von Wietersheim (1831-1894) at Klitzschen near Torgau, which he sold on February 9, 1878. After the wedding he moved to Silesia and bought Viehau near Neuhof (acquired in 1860). In 1862 he bought Neuhof himself. The palace was rebuilt there in 1864.
            • Eduard Gustav Walter von Wietersheim breaks new ground in the Löwenberg district
              • Kurt von Wietersheim-Kramsta (1854–1936) entered new territory. After the death of his great aunt Marie von Kramsta in 1923 he inherited the Rauske , Bertholdsdorf and Förstchen estates . Like his cousin Hans-Christoph von Wietersheim on Neuhof, he also adopted the name of Kramsta by will.
            • Eugen Gustav Alfred von Wietersheim auf Neuhof († August 3, 1915 in Volhynia ), entails commissioner on Wirrwitz , owner of Niederarnsdorf and Oberarnsdorf; ⚭ Marie-Therese von Colmar (born March 25, 1876 in Colmar, Province of Posen , † April 21, 1945 in Potsdam)
              • Eduard-Walter von Wietersheim (* February 25, 1897 - † May 26, 1915 in the military hospital in Breslau)
              • Marie-Luise von Wietersheim (born May 26, 1898)
              • Hans Christoph von Wietersheim-Kramsta (born July 29, 1899 at Neuhof; † 1978); ⚭ April 10, 1923 Herta, daughter of the manor owner Gustav von Johnston (* July 12, 1902 in Breslau; † 1978) Since both Hans Christoph's father and older brother died in 1915, Hans Christoph became the owner of the family entrepre- neurship Wirrwitz, Krolkwitz and Neuen in 1915 (all of the district of Breslau ). In 1916, Hans Christoph received the Muhrau and Grunau estates in the Striegau district as a gift from his great aunt Marie von Kramsta . After their death in 1923 he inherited Puschkau , Czechs , Niklasdorf and Preilsdorf . Like his cousin Kurt von Wietersheim from the Neuland house, he also adopted the name of Kramsta by testamentary regulation .
                • Marie-Elisabeth von Wietersheim-Kramsta (born January 16, 1924 in Muhrau)
                • Melitta von Wietersheim-Kramsta (born October 2, 1927 in Muhrau)
                • Edula von Wietersheim-Kramsta (born January 16, 1929 in Muhrau)
                • Eugen Gustav Alfred Wolf von Wietersheim-Kramsta (born July 27, 1931 in Muhrau)
                • Wilfried von Wieterhseim-Kramsta (born October 25, 1932 in Muhrau; † February 13, 1968 in Göppingen)
                • Johanna-Christine von Wietersheim-Kramsta (* July 17, 1937 in Muhrau; † July 10, 1997)
                • Marie-Therese von Wietersheim-Kramsta (born December 1, 1943 in Muhrau)
              • Hans-Wolf von Wietersheim (born April 20, 1911)
                • Beatrix von Wietersheim (* 10.10.1944)
                • Viggo von Wietersheim (* May 11, 1948)
            • Elsbeth Berta Emilie Anna von Wietersheim ⚭ October 18, 1879 Berthold von Neumann-Cosel
            • Magdalena von Wietersheim (born May 9, 1862 in Neuhof, Striegau district ) ⚭ October 1, 1881 Hans von Wiedner
            • Anna von Wietersheim (born October 25, 1865 in Neuhof, Striegau district; † November 30, 1928 in Berbisdorf, Hirschberg district ) ⚭ December 1, 1889 Hans von Arnim
            • Helene von Wietersheim ⚭ September 30, 1888 Ernst Freiherr von Gregory
          • Marie von Kramsta (1843–1923), after her brother died before his father, Marie inherited the paternal inheritance.
        • Gustav von Kramsta (1815–1869), industrialist and landowner, partner in the company; Active member of the Breslauer Gewerbeverein and one of the main organizers of the Silesian Industrial Exhibition in 1852 in Breslau. Together with his brother Eduard, he continued the family business successfully during the 50s and 60s. Prussian Commerce Council. With a royal resolution of July 20, 1862, he was ennobled at his own request; together with his brother Eduard, partner in the company.
        • Emil von Kramsta, ⚭ Pauline Fähnrich, retired from business activities after the death of his father in the early 1850s and became the owner of a manor on Gäbersdorf ; ennobled by a royal resolution of January 3, 1859 at his own request.
          • Christian Georg von Kramsta * November 12, 1842 in Freiburg / Silesia; Manorial estate owner on Frankenthal ; ⚭ September 16, 1879 Emma Pauline Scheibler; built the castle in Frankenthal in 1884/85 ( Chwalimierz since 1945 ), † June 14, 1901 there.
            • Edith von Kramsta (born May 22, 1882)
            • Eleonore von Kramsta (born June 26, 1883)
            • Helene von Kramsta (born January 5, 1885)
            • Margarethe von Kramsta (born March 12, 1886)
            • Maria von Kramsta (born May 22, 1887)
            • Hans Georg von Kramsta (born January 24, 1890)
          • Pauline von Kramsta (born October 18, 1845) ⚭ Mortimer von Johnston (1839–1909)
            • Marie Pauline Emilie von Johnston (born January 9, 1877 in Zweibrodt )
          • Hans Emil Gottlob von Kramsta (born September 13, 1850 in Gäbersdorf, † January 5, 1913 in Berlin), Prussian colonel and racing rider, namesake of the Kramstaweg in Berlin-Zehlendorf
          • Leo von Kramsta (1852–1926) ⚭ July 4, 1876 Martha von Arnim (* 1853); Prussian lieutenant general
            • Hans Leo Emil von Kramsta (born July 7, 1877 in Hanover)
          • Helene von Kramsta (born June 16, 1856 at Gut Gäbersdorf; † July 4, 1928 at Gut Groß-Grünow) ⚭ 1880 Ludwig von Knebel Doeberitz
        • (two more sons and four daughters)
      • Ernst Kramsta (1784–1845), partner in the company

Other family members and descendants:

  • Renata Kracker von Schwarzenfeld (co-heir of the family)

literature

  • Konrad Fuchs : Kramsta, Georg Gottlob. In: New German Biography. 12 (1979), p. 671.
  • Hugo Weczerka (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical places . Volume: Silesia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 316). Kröner, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-520-31601-3 , pp. 116-123, pp. 34, 103, 145 and 422.
  • Rudolf Kučera: State, Nobility and Change of Elites. The nobility awards in Silesia and Bohemia 1806–1871 in comparison. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2012, pp. 184ff. (on-line)
  • Hans Christoph von Wietersheim-Kramsta: One of many. The fate of a Silesian farmer's life. ISBN 3-7053-1775-X , St. Michael 1982.
  • Adalbert Hoffmann: Marie von Kramsta. In: Schlesische Lebensbilder. Volume 2: Silesians of the 18th and 19th centuries. Breslau 1926, pp. 301-305.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The nobility of the Glätzer Land from 1742–1863.
  2. ^ Margret Dorothea Minkels : Alexander von Minutoli, the founder of the 1st arts and crafts museum in the world (1844) . Norderstedt 2018, ISBN 978-3-7460-6982-1 , p. 123-125 .
  3. ^ A castle for children ( Memento from August 9, 2016 in the Internet Archive ): Report on the use of Muhrau Castle in 2006. Retrieved on August 9, 2016
  4. ^ Dehio Handbook of Art Monuments in Poland. Silesia. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich et al. 2005, ISBN 3-422-03109-X , p. 1267.
  5. ↑ life data
  6. ↑ Schloss Muhrau ( Memento of the original from May 29, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. after Alexander Duncker @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / europeanalocal.de
  7. ^ Rudolf Martin: Yearbook of the wealth and income of millionaires in Prussia, 1912 . tape 1 . Verlag W. Herlet GmbH, 1912.
  8. ↑ Genealogy ( Memento of the original dated May 30, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.feudalismus.eu
  9. ↑ Genealogy
  10. ↑ Gäbersdorf according to Alexander Duncker ( Memento of the original from May 25, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / europeanalocal.de
  11. ↑ Genealogy
  12. ↑ 79th Annual Report of the Silesian Society for Patriotic Culture (1901), Nekrologe, pp. 9-10 ( online ).
  13. ↑ Genealogy
  14. ↑ Kramstaweg
  15. ↑ Genealogy
  16. ↑ Genealogy
  17. ↑ Genealogy