Krautheim (Am Ettersberg)
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Krautheim
Rural community Am Ettersberg
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| Height : | 180 m |
| Area : | 10.24 km² |
| Residents : | 499 (December 31, 2017) |
| Population density : | 49 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 2019 |
| Postal code : | 99439 |
| Area code : | 036451 |
Krautheim is a district of the rural community Am Ettersberg in the north of the Weimarer Land district . The basic structure of the Krautheim housing estate is formed by two parallel, roughly east-west oriented streets, Kirchstraße and Straße An der Lache, which are connected to each other by several cross streets. The Lache, a small stream flowing to the Scherkonde, divides the settlement into a north and a south part, both of which are densely built up and correspond to the type of street village. One can therefore assign Krautheim to the category of the double street village, which is rare in our area.
location
Krautheim is located in the Thuringian Basin and still has some influence from the northern roof of the Großer Ettersberg north of Weimar . The Schwerstedt reservoir , which is fed by the Lache stream, is located south of the village of Krautheim . The federal highway 85 passes to the east and can be reached by a connecting road. To the north is the Großbrembach dam .
history
History of Krautheim
A list of goods from the Imperial Abbey of Hersfeld , which was created before 815, names the place Krautheim as Crutheim for the first time . Around 1349 a ministerial family von Krautheim resides as a Wettin supporter. In the Middle Ages, Krautheim belonged to the manorial lordship of the Counts of Weimar-Orlamünde as well as the Severistiftes Erfurt, the monasteries Pforte and Heusdorf and the Ursuline monastery and mostly to the Moritz monastery in Naumburg. From 1458 Krautheim belonged to the Lords of Meusebach zu Schwerstedt (Amt Buttelstedt ). After the Ernestine Elector bought back the Buttelstedt office in 1544, he left Krautheim, Weiden and Oberndorf to the Lords of Meusebach. Since then, Krautheim has belonged to the Weimar Office , which has belonged to Sachsen-Weimar since 1572 and to Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach from 1741 . During the administrative reform of the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach, the place came to the administrative district of Weimar II in 1850 and legally to the Buttstädt Judicial Office .
The main source of income for the population was agriculture. From 1454 wine growing and from 1757 potato growing can be proven. A mill had been in operation since 1378, later there were two mills in the hallway, which were called Allstedter and Haindorfer Mühle, and an oil mill had also existed since 1797. The Allstedter Mühle, 1.2 km north of the village, ceased operations at the end of 1972 and was demolished in 1974 when its location was incorporated into the Großbrembach reservoir. The Haindorfer mill on the corridor border to Haindorf is still working, while the mill in the village ceased operations in 1970. A bakery is mentioned as early as 1378.
The village was destroyed by the Thirty Years War after the floods of 1613 had already wreaked havoc. Large fires raged in 1676 (19 houses), 1693, 1784, 1825 (26 houses) and 1864 (22 houses).
A school existed in the village from the 16th century. Until 1945 it was operated as a single class. Nowadays the children go to school in Buttelstedt . From 1887 to 1923 the village had a stop on the narrow-gauge line of the Weimar-Rastenberger Railway .
On January 1, 2019, the municipality of Krautheim was merged with other municipalities of the administrative community of Northern Weimar to form the rural municipality of Am Ettersberg . The community Krautheim consisted of the place Krautheim and the district Haindorf .
History of the district of Haindorf
The early settlement of the area is documented about one kilometer north of Haindorf. On the so-called Allstedter Mühlberg there is a recent Neolithic moat of the Salzmünder and Bernburg cultures. The district was first mentioned as a Hegendorf in 1322 in a letter of indulgence . Since the Middle Ages, the village has belonged to the manor in Schwerstedt . With this, the place belonged to the Weimar Office , which belonged to Saxe-Weimar from 1572 and from 1741 to Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach . During the administrative reform of the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach, the place came to the administrative district of Weimar II in 1850 and legally to the Buttstädt Judicial Office .
As in the surrounding towns, agriculture was the predominant branch of industry. There is also evidence of viticulture. Probably was woad grown, because before the former school a Waidmühlstein is received. There is evidence of a school in the village since the 18th century. Until 1945 only one teacher was responsible for all students. Today the Krautheim day care center and the school in Buttelstedt are the starting point for the care and education of the children.
coat of arms
Blazon : The city coat of arms of Krautheim shows under the silver shield head with three green linden leaves in the split shield a silver mill wheel in front in blue and behind the black head of St. Mauritius , namesake of the Krautheim church, in gold.
Attractions
The following objects are listed :
Sights of Krautheim
- Church with a churchyard
- The first mention of the church of St. Mauritius , belonging to Moritzkloster in Naumburg, took place in 1140. The associated parish, whose patronage later was the Schottenkloster in Erfurt, can be traced for the first time in 1280. For the 14th century, indulgences from the years 1322, 1327 and 1379 show the importance of the church as a place of pilgrimage . In 1742 the building was rebuilt in the Baroque style, with the windows being enlarged and the gallery entrances roofed. One bell dates to 1629, the organ built by Johann Michael Hesse dates from 1764.
- Vicarage, house number 2
- Former manor, house numbers 43–45
Sights of Haindorf
- Church with a churchyard, the church dates from the 17th century
- Former school, house number 26
- Waidmühlstein in front of the former school
- Geländesporn Talburg, 300 m northwest of the village, above the Haindorfer Mühle (trapezoidal plateau of 45X100 m and the remains of a rampart and ditch suggest a hilltop castle from the 9th / 10th century at this point)
Individual evidence
- ^ History of the city and office of Buttelstedt.
- ↑ Michael Köhler: Pagan sanctuaries. Pre-Christian places of worship and suspected cult sites in Thuringia. Jenzig-Verlag Köhler, Jena 2007, ISBN 978-3-910141-85-8 , p. 204.
