Berlstedt
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Berlstedt
Rural community Am Ettersberg
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| Height : | 228 m |
| Area : | 18.97 km² |
| Residents : | 1770 (December 31, 2017) |
| Population density : | 93 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 2019 |
| Postal code : | 99439 |
| Area code : | 036452 |
Berlstedt is a district of the rural community Am Ettersberg in the north of the Weimarer Land district in Thuringia .
location
Berlstedt is located north of Weimar on the northern roof of the Großer Ettersberg on the southern edge of the fertile Thuringian Basin in the rain shadow of the aforementioned mountain. The source of the Scherkonde feeds the village pond in the Ottmannshausen district . The overflow forms the shear probe, which flows through the corridor and then into the Unstrut tributary Lossa . This rural area is affected and developed by the state roads 1015, 2139 and 1054.
history
In the Ingelheim protocol of May 18, 876, a place called Berolfestetin was mentioned. The castle and village belonged to the Fulda monastery and were given to a "Berlof" as a fief . The castle site Das Wahl was on the northeast corner of the village. It was a mansion. In 1157, 1222/23 and 1240 lords of Berlstedt were mentioned. A Heinrich von Berlstedt was mentioned in 1186 as a ministerial at the Wartburg . The Lords of Berlstedt were among the free in 1191, but in 1221 they were called on duty. As a result of the Thuringian Count's War , the castle was destroyed. In 1391 Landgrave Balthasar von Thuringia gave the city of Erfurt Berlstedt as a fief. In 1483 the Erfurt Office of Vippach was formed, to which the three exclaves Schloßvippach , Berlstedt and Kleinbrembach belonged.
Due to its location on the Via Regia , the community initially developed positively. Among other things, a post office was set up. However, the place was often plundered in times of war due to its location on an army road . In 1514 the place was attacked by the Lords of Weimar. During the Thirty Years War , mercenary armies roamed the town several times. After the battle of Jena and Auerstedt in 1806, the place was sacked by French soldiers. In 1538 a school was opened in the village.
In 1815 Berlstedt came under the rule of the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach , and has not been an exclave since then. In May 1829, almost the entire place was destroyed by a major fire. In 1874 a new school building was inaugurated, which is still used today as a school day care center. In addition to agriculture, peat was extracted in the area around Berlstedt. In 1894 a dairy opened in town.
In 1938 a subcamp of the Buchenwald concentration camp was built on the outskirts . The 250 prisoners living there had to do forced labor in the adjoining brickworks and in the sewage treatment plant, which belonged to the SS-owned Deutsche Erd- und Steinwerke (“DEST”). An unknown number of them were killed.
In 1951 a new school with 17 classrooms was inaugurated. The school building still serves as a central school for the surrounding communities. In 1968 the first community association of the GDR was established with Berlstedt as the main community, which forms the basis of today's administrative community. In 1971 the largest dairy cattle facility in the GDR was opened in the village . 2,000 cows were housed together in one stable. In the years that followed, agriculture reached almost industrial proportions . The livestock comprised 5,000 cattle, among other things, and 36,000 hectares were cultivated.
On December 1, 2007, Hottelstedt was incorporated.
On January 1, 2019, the Berlstedt community was merged with other communities in the administrative community of Northern Weimar to form the city and rural community of Am Ettersberg . Other districts of the Berlstedt community were Hottelstedt, Stedten am Ettersberg and Ottmannshausen .
Sons and daughters of the church
- Johann Georg Schröter , baptized on August 20, 1683 in Berlstedt, learned organ building from Johann Conrad Vockeroth from Berlstedt and worked as an organ builder in Erfurt from 1712.
- Franciscus Volckland , born on June 5, 1696 in Berlstedt, pupil of Schröter, was one of the most important organ builders in Thuringia.
- Johann Georg Stein , baptized on July 19, 1712 in Berlstedt, nephew of Johann Georg Schröter, learned organ building with him and became his employee, moved to Northern Germany around 1745 and became an organ builder in Uelzen, later Lüneburg.
- Charlotte von Ahlefeld , born on December 6, 1777 in Ottmannshausen, was a German writer.
Attractions
The following objects were included in the monuments list of the Weimarer Land district:
- Evangelical Church of St. Crucis, consecrated in 1696; baroque ceiling paintings
- Death march stele, Ballstedter Strasse
- Heraldic plaque on house number 87
- Gate and portal, Marktgasse 80
- Waidmühlstein at the church
- That choice
literature
- Uwe Risch: The gentlemen from Berlstedt and Allerstedt . Risch, Gehren 2001, ISBN 3-934748-93-7 .
- Ursula Püschel : Out and about in my villages. Report from Berlstedt am Ettersberg. Hinstorff, Rostock 1980, DNB 830893113 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael Köhler : Thuringian castles and fortified prehistoric and early historical living spaces. Jenzig-Verlag Köhler, Jena 2001, ISBN 3-86777-202-9 , p. 65.
- ↑ Wilfried Warsitzka: The Thuringian Landgrave. Dr. Bussert & Stadeler, Jena 2004, ISBN 3-932906-22-5 , pp. 202-205.
- ^ Office Vippach. In: Wilhelm JA von Tettau : Historical representation of the area of the city of Erfurt and the properties of the foundations there (= yearbooks of the Academy of Charitable Sciences in Erfurt. Vol. 14, ZDB -ID 217188-0 ). Carl Villaret, Erfurt 1886, p. 74 f.
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2007 .
- ↑ Program for the Open Monument Day on September 8, 2013 in the Weimarer Land district. (PDF; 3.9 MB) In: weimarerland.de. District Office Weimarer Land. Lower Monument Protection Authority, July 30, 2013, p. 11 , archived from the original on February 3, 2016 ; Retrieved on June 4, 2019 (here prescription of the name for "St. Crusius").
- ↑ Jens Lehnert: Restoration work: Biblical scenes discovered on the walls of St. Crucis in Berlstedt. In: thueringer-allgemeine.de. July 25, 2014, accessed April 28, 2017.