Lünern

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Lünern
City of Unna
Coordinates: 51 ° 32 ′ 55 "  N , 7 ° 45 ′ 41"  E
Height : 84  (75-100)  m
Area : 7.52 km²
Residents : 2104  (Dec. 31, 2013)
Population density : 280 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1968
Postal code : 59427
Area code : 02303

Lünern , between Mulhouse and Hemmerde on Hellweg located, together with Stockum since 1968 a village of the city of Unna . It is six kilometers east of the district town and about one kilometer north of federal highway 1, which runs parallel to Hellweg here. It has more than 2100 inhabitants.

history

Evangelical Church Lünern . Three-bay hall building with west tower from the 12th century
Flemish carved altar from 1520 in the Lünern church

Charlemagne conquered the Saxon Hohensyburg in the south of today's Dortmund in 775 AD and the Unna area in the period that followed. The area was incorporated into the Frankish Empire and the Hellweg became an important stage road . After the introduction of Christianity, the area south of the Lippe was incorporated into the diocese of Cologne . The first written mention of Lünern comes from the 12th century, according to which the Werden Abbey owned "Liunere" around 1150. The place name, which also occurs in Lünen and Lüneburg , can mean protection . In the 13th century Lünern, like Unna, was part of the County of Altena and since 1243 of the County of Mark . Until 1288 ( Battle of Worringen ), the Archbishop of Cologne still held the feudal sovereignty . The churchyard in Lünern was first mentioned in 1239, the church in Lünern for the first time in 1291; but it is certain that it was built around 1100 on the foundations of a chapel from the time of Charlemagne (see above). It is one of the first stone churches that were built on Hellweg in the Romanesque style . Founder and patron saint was probably the noble family Volenspit . In 1454 and 1467 Dirk Smeling and his nephew Diederich Schmelingk donated land and money for a vicarie in Lünern, which existed until 1805. 1472 is noted as the year of manufacture on the oldest bell in the Lünern church. Around 1545 the Reformation was introduced by the pastor Heinrich von Steinen, a former student of the Scheda monastery . When the county of Mark came to the Electorate of Brandenburg in 1609 , Lünern became part of Brandenburg for the first time .

When the " plague " broke out in Unna in the summer of 1597 , more than 1,400 of 2500 citizens died. There were comparable death rates in the surrounding villages such as Lünern. In the devastating Thirty Years War (1618–1648), the number of the population also stagnated or fell. During this war, Lünern, like many other villages and towns on Hellweg, suffered from the frequent looting and contributions of soldiers passing through, for example the " Pappenheimer " in the summer of 1632 and the Hessians in the autumn of 1635. B. on Haus Heyde in the last third of the 1630s. The Lünerner church was temporarily "open and desert and rabbits had spotted inside". In the Jülich-Klevischen succession dispute, Unna and Lünern finally fell to Brandenburg in 1666, whose sovereign, Elector Friedrich Wilhelm (also called the Great Elector ), had already acquired the patronage of the Lünern Church in 1649 , which had previously been exercised by the owners of the House of Heeren . The electors and their successors, the Prussian kings, also made use of their associated right to appoint a pastor: In 1699, on the instructions of Frederick I, the field preacher in the Schlabrendorf regiment , Bernhard Heinrich Krupp, became pastor in Lünern. From 1701 Lünern belonged to the new Kingdom of Prussia (formerly Brandenburg-Prussia), which became part of the German Empire in 1871 .

Hermann Alexander Roëll was born in 1653 on Gut Dölberg in Nordlünern, he was a philosopher and theologian.

Until the beginning of the 20th century, Lünern was dominated by agriculture. Large farms determined the appearance. At the end of the 19th century, immigrants from Lower Silesia settled in the course of the industrial revolution , who worked as miners in the nearby mines in Königsborn and Bönen (shaft 3 of the Königsborn colliery ). In 1898 Lünern was connected to the Dortmund - Unna - Soest railway line, which was built in 1855, with a train station.

32 soldiers from Lünern and Stockum were killed in the First World War. 107 soldiers lost their lives in World War II, half of them on the Eastern Front . After the largest bell from 1771 had already been melted down during the First World War, two more bells had to be delivered to the Lünern Church on March 5, 1942, the smallest from 1472 and the middle from 1601, for armament purposes. Both bells survived the Second World War, were rediscovered in June 1945 in Lünen, about 40 kilometers away, on the storage area of ​​the "Kayser copper works" and reused in the Lünern church. In the last months of the war the village was so endangered by enemy planes that the Lünern Presbytery recommended on January 26, 1945 parishioners “in future no longer follow the hearse at funerals”.

In the last days of the Second World War, the Protestant church suffered severe damage from artillery fire: the church roof and above all the irreplaceable windows in the choir were completely destroyed. Nordlünern, Lünern and Mühlhausen were on 9./10. Occupied April 1945 by troops of the 95th US Infantry Division. Ten soldiers are buried in the Lünern cemetery, eight of them from Vienna who died in these battles in Mühlhausen. US soldiers behaved rampant after they ransacked a farmer's wine cellar in Nordlünern and then emptied the wine bottles on the spot.

Only in the Second World War and afterwards did the very small number of Catholics in Lünern grow as a result of evacuees from the Ruhr area and displaced persons . The Catholic Antonius Chapel was built for them in 1955 . On January 1, 1968 Lünern (together with Stockum) was incorporated into the district town of Unna as one of nine localities .

Population development

When the plague broke out in Unna in the summer of 1597 , around 1400 of 2500 citizens died. Similar death rates between 50% and 60% also occurred in the surrounding villages such as Lünern. In the devastating Thirty Years War (1618–1648), the number of the population also stagnated or fell.

year Residents year Residents year Residents
1739 0303 1939 1035 1996 2082
1797 0497 1956 1277 2002 2168
1804 0400 1961 1141 2012 2130
1849 0780 1967 1569 2013 2104
1910 1115 1987 1978
1933 1049 1991 2063

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the population in Lünern has decreased by around 3%.

traffic

Lünern train stop

Bundesstraße 1 runs about one kilometer to the south and replaced the historic Hellweg in 1818 as the so-called art route. The Dortmund / Unna motorway junction is eight kilometers away.

The station is on the Dortmund – Soest railway line . The trains of the Eurobahn run here every half hour .

Village shop

After the “Uncle Emma” grocery store has closed, there are no shops in Lünern for groceries and everyday items. The next opportunities for this are available in Mühlhausen and Hemmerde . In order to have shopping opportunities on site again in Lünern and Stockum, the “Wir in Lünern eV” initiative was founded in 2018, which is based on the village interior development concept (DIEK) decided by the Unna City Council. Your main concerns are

  • providing the villagers with everyday necessities
  • a lively meeting place in the middle of the village and an integrated café
  • The village shop should be within walking distance
  • and possibly also contain an additional multi-purpose room for clubs, courses, celebrations, etc.

Lünerner Bach

View towards the east on Lünern, as well as the direction of flow of the Lünern stream

The Lünerner Bach flows through the village from west to east. To the east of it it flows directly parallel to the “ Vöhdeweg ”. After about 200 meters the stream flows in a north-easterly direction, while the Vöhdeweg continues eastwards. Often, after heavy rain, the basements were flooded on both sides of the stream. Since 2016, the Bimbergtalsperre has been preventing these floods here and elsewhere with an eleven meter high earth dam.

It is possible that the Austrian construction company “dumped the child with the bath”, because in the following years (as of January 2020) the creek only carried some water for a few days, mostly no more than six to eight centimeters. When he had water, it was mostly only for a day or two.

literature

  • Klaus Basner (Ed.): Lünern. Village with tradition, district with a future. Festival book for the 850th anniversary of Lünern in 2000. Unna 2000.

Web links

Commons : Lünern  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Oskar Rückert: Heimatblätter for Unna and the Hellweg . Verlag FW Rubens, Unna 1949, p. 280f.
  2. ↑ Hliunere (Old Saxon) and Hliuni (Langobard.) Mean place of refuge , so that it can also be a generic term instead of a specific place name. Further interpretations of names by Jürgen Udolph : [1] .
  3. ↑ Willy Timm: History of the city of Unna. Unna 1975, p. 20.
  4. ↑ See Ev. Church in Lünern ( Memento of the original dated November 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hemmerde-luenern.ekvw.de
  5. ↑ Fritz Baymann, Hansjörg Lengemann: Ev. Lünern Church . Bönen undated, p. 1.
  6. ^ Klaus Basner: Lünern . Unna 2000, p. 33 f.
  7. ^ Johann-Diederich von Steinen: Westphäl. History. XII. Stück, Lemgo 1755-1760, p. 828.
  8. ↑ Fritz Baymann, Hansjörg Lengemann: Ev. Lünern Church . Bönen n.d., p. 13. The vicars had to hold the afternoon service, pour wine at Holy Communion and give school lessons.
  9. ↑ a b Fritz Baymann, Hansjörg Lengemann: Ev. Lünern Church . Bönen n.d., p. 13.
  10. ^ Klaus Basner: Unna. Historical portrait of a city. Vol. 1, Bönen 2014, p. 186.
  11. ^ Klaus Basner: Unna. Historical portrait of a city. Vol. 1, Bönen 2014, pp. 213, 225, 232f.
  12. ↑ Willy Timm: History of the city of Unna. Unna, 1975, p. 42.
  13. ↑ Fritz Baymann, Hansjörg Lengemann: Ev. Lünern Church. Bönen undated, p. 15. Little by little the right of patronage was no longer exercised until it passed to the presbytery in the middle of the 19th century .
  14. ↑ Willy Timm: History of the city of Unna. Unna 1975, p. 68.
  15. ↑ Willy Timm: History of the city of Unna. Unna 1975, p. 38.
  16. ↑ Elke Tüttmann, Lisa Meininghaus: Chronicle. Evangelical cemetery in Lünern. 2004, p. 21 f.
  17. ↑ Lisa Meininghaus: Fallen and missing soldiers from the parish of Lünern. 1939-1945. Unna-Lünern 2005, p. 97. This roughly corresponds to the ratio of the number of German soldiers who fell on the Eastern Front to the number of all German soldiers who fell in World War II.
  18. ↑ It was replaced by a steel bell in 1926, which in turn was replaced by a bronze bell in 1989. See Ev. Church in Lünern ( Memento of the original dated November 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hemmerde-luenern.ekvw.de
  19. ↑ a b Lisa Meininghaus: Fallen and missing soldiers from the parish of Lünern. 1939-1945. Unna-Lünern 2005, p. 26 .
  20. ^ Klaus Basner: Unna. Historical portrait of a city. Vol. 2. Bönen 2013, p. 421.
  21. ↑ In 1952 new, simpler choir windows were installed. Quoted from Fritz Baymann, Hansjörg Lengemann: Ev. Lünern Church . Bönen undated, p. 15.
  22. ↑ In the Engl. Wiki → 95th Infantry Division (United States) #Europe
  23. ↑ Own research (Bdf).
  24. ↑ Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia. Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 65.
  25. ^ Klaus Basner: Unna. Historical portrait of a city. Vol. 1, Bönen 2014, p. 186.
  26. ↑ a b c Klaus Basner: Unna. Historical portrait of a city. Vol. 1, Bönen 2014, p. 310.
  27. ↑ Handbook of the offices and rural communities in the Rhine province and in the province of Westphalia , Prussian Landgemeindetag West, Berlin 1931.
  28. ↑ a b c www.luenern.de ( Memento from October 12, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  29. ^ Otto Lucas: Kreis-Atlas Unna . Unna / Münster 1957.
  30. ↑ Martin Bünermann, Heinz Köstering: The communities and districts after the municipal territorial reform in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1975, ISBN 3-555-30092-X , p. 220 .
  31. ^ Inhabitants in the districts of the towns and municipalities of the Unna district
  32. ^ MF Essellen: Description and brief history of the Hamm district and the individual localities in the same . Verlag Reimann GmbH & Co, Hamm 1985, ISBN 3-923846-07-X , p. 174 .
  33. ↑ Martin Bünermann, Heinz Köstering: The communities and districts after the municipal territorial reform in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1975, ISBN 3-555-30092-X , p. 152 .
  34. ^ Inhabitants in the districts of the towns and municipalities of the Unna district
  35. ↑ www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de: Population figures 1933
  36. ^ State Office for Data Processing and Statistics North Rhine-Westphalia (Ed.): Special series on the 1987 census in North Rhine-Westphalia: Population and private households as well as buildings and apartments. Selected results for parts of the community. Arnsberg administrative district . 1990, p. 292 .
  37. ↑ www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de: Population figures 1933
  38. ^ Lünern, AG local supply
  39. ↑ Vöhde used to be the name of the soil that was temporarily used as fodder pasture, e.g. B. moors or flooded land along rivers and streams such as the Lünerner Bach.
  40. ↑ Hellweger Anzeiger , July 16, 2015, p. 17.
  41. ↑ Water level on December 31, 2019: 8 cm
    water level on January 17, 2020: 1.5 cm
    water level on February 29, 2020: 8.5 cm.
    Water level on 03/04/2020: 22 cm.
    Water level on April 16, 2020: 2.0 cm