Leonhardskirche (Basel)

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Entrance portal of the Leonhardskirche

The Leonhardskirche is an Evangelical Reformed church in the city of Basel . The Gothic town and collegiate church is consecrated to St. Leonhard and is located in the old town of Grossbasel on Leonhardskirchplatz .

location

The Leonhardsberg leads over numerous steps from the old town center to the church . The church is located on a hill spur of the Basel western plateau, 17 meters above Barfüsserplatz . It was integrated into the fortifications of the inner wall ring from the 12th century, which can still be seen today on the sparsely structured, huge west wall.

history

It is not known when the first stones were laid for a St. Leonhard church. There is evidence of the construction of a three-aisled Romanesque basilica , which began around 1080 and was consecrated in 1118. The crypt of this building exists today with some wall paintings from the 12th century and graves from this period.

In 1135 was the parish church one Augustinian canons - pin connected and many new buildings made the monastery to an extensive building complex.

The Basel earthquake of 1356 destroyed a large part of the church and the monastery buildings. A high Gothic basilica was built on the ruins of the old church around 1360 . The crypt was built over with a flat-roofed long choir and two chapels ( Marienkapelle , chapel of St. Theobald ). In addition, a bell tower was built in which there is a pedal bike .

From 1481 the church was converted into a three-aisled Gothic hall church and the nave was given a star vault . Construction was slow. An inscription on a buttress mentions the year 1492, at that time the construction was still unfinished. From 1487 until his death in 1493, Hans Niesenberger worked as a builder. In 1496 the builder Hans Nussdorf took over the building. The vault of the nave was not under construction until 1521.

The city of Basel acquired the monastery and the church on January 31, 1525. 1529, during the Reformation were altars , images and much more destroyed and the Leonhard church was next to the cathedral , the Peters - and the Martin Church one of the four Protestant churches in the city of Basel.

The church today

In the nave of the church

Of the buildings of the former monastery, only the cemetery hall from 1450 to the north remains. In the years 1964 to 1968 archaeological investigations and a total renovation of the Leonhardskirche took place.

The organ , inaugurated in 1969, was reconstructed by Orgelbau Kuhn with the planning of 1718/1771 ( Andreas Silbermann and Johann Andreas Silbermann ) . The concert series "Organ play at the end of the day" founded by Heiner Kühner in 1973 still exists today .

The Lohnhof

From 1668 the Lohnhof was housed in the former monastery buildings. Its director, head of construction, paid the wages to the town's craftsmen, from which the name of this complex is derived.

The police took over the monastery building around 1821 and after a major renovation, the city prison was relocated here. In 1995 a new prison was built and the former rooms were redesigned. Today there is a hotel, a restaurant, the musical instrument museum and a cellar theater ( Baseldytschi Bihni ).

literature

  • The excavations in St. Leonhard's Church in Basel. Four articles in: Basler Zeitschrift für Geschichte und Altertumskunde , Vol. 68 (1968), pp. 9–79. ( Full text )
  • Peter Habicht , Christoph Matt: St. Leonhard. A tour through church and history. Quartiergemeinde St. Peter, Basel 2008, ISBN 978-3-033-01651-4 .
  • François Maurer-Kuhn: St. Leonhard in Basel . (Swiss art guide). Bern 1981, ISBN 3-85782-294-5 .
  • Hans-Rudolf Meier: Nussdorf or Niesenberger? The nave of Basel's Leonhardskirche or the difficulty of using written sources for building history. In: Doris Huggel, Daniel Grütter: "mit gantzem fliss" The foreman Hans Nussdorf in Basel. Schwabe, Basel 2003, ISBN 3-7965-2017-0 . Pp. 62-69.
  • Beat Matthias von Scarpatetti : The Church and the Augustinian Canons of St. Leonhard in Basel (11th / 12th century – 1525). A contribution to the history of the city of Basel and the late Devotio Moderna. Basel 1974

Web links

Commons : Leonhardskirche Basel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The running bike in St. Leonhard's Church.
  2. ^ Hans-Rudolf Meier: Nussdorf or Niesenberger? The nave of Basel's Leonhardskirche or the difficulty of using written sources for building history . In: Doris Huggel, Daniel Grütter: "mit gantzem fliss" The foreman Hans Nussdorf in Basel. Schwabe, Basel 2003, ISBN 3-7965-2017-0 . Pp. 62-69.
  3. ↑ Information on archaeological soil research with photos and literature; Retrieved on October 4, 2009 ( Memento of the original from March 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.archaeobasel.ch
  4. ^ Organ portrait on the website of the builder company, accessed on May 10, 2014.
  5. ↑ The organ on the website “Organ playing after work in the Leonhardskirche”, accessed on May 10, 2014.
  6. ↑ Sigfried Schibli, Bernard Ambros Batschelet: Basel City of Music: The Basel musical life in the 20th century. Book publisher of the Basler Zeitung, Basel 1999. p. 75.

Coordinates: 47 ° 33 '18 "  N , 7 ° 35' 16"  E ; CH1903:  611227  /  two hundred sixty-seven thousand one hundred fifty-three