Lohrhaupten

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Lohrhaupten
community Flörsbachtal
Coat of arms of Lohrhaupten
Coordinates: 50 ° 7 ′ 46 ″  N , 9 ° 28 ′ 49 ″  E
Height : 340 m above sea level NHN
Area : 25.81 km²
Residents : 1029  (December 31, 2017)
Population density : 40 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 1974
Postal code : 63639
Area code : 06057
Lohrhaupten with St. Matthew's Church
Lohrhaupten with St. Matthew's Church

Lohrhaupten is a district of the municipality of Flörsbachtal in the East Hessian Main-Kinzig district .

Geography and geology

Lohrhaupten lies at an altitude of 347 m above sea ​​level , 15 km southeast of Bad Orb . The bedrock here is the red sandstone of the Spessart . Lohrhaupten is located on the historic long-distance trade route Birkenhainer Straße . The nearby "Bayrische Schanz" is an old customs house on this street. Not far from the village is the Hermannskoppe , with 567 m the highest point in the Hessian Spessart.

The Lohrbach rises in Lohrhaupten , the upper reaches of the Lohr , which flows into the Main in Lohr am Main .

Place name

etymology

The place name Lohrhaupten is first documented (1057) back to Larahobedun . The place name consists of the Celtic river name Lara and the Old High German word hobed (un) . hobed (un) means "main" and also means "source". The meaning of the place name results from this: Source of the Lohr. The place name Lohrhaupten is also evidence that Lara was always primarily a river name that was transferred to the places of the same name as Lohr or to places with this part of the name such as Lohrhaupten. So the places never gave their names to the rivers where they lay. For the Celtic origin of the river name Lohr, see Lohr (river) .

Historical forms of names

In historical documents, the place is documented under the following place names (each with the year of mention):

  • 1057 Larahobedun
  • 1184 larhou prayers
  • 1233 Larhoubten
  • 1265 Larhoy prayers
  • 1374 Larheibten
  • 1586 Lohrhaupten

history

middle Ages

The oldest surviving mention of Lohrhaupten comes from the year 1057. The parish documented here is therefore the oldest documented in the Spessart. The church was dedicated to the apostle Matthias . The parish belonged to the diocese of Mainz . The central church authority was the Archdeaconate St. Peter and Alexander in Aschaffenburg , Landkapitel Rodgau . St. Peter and Alexander also held the church patronage.

1184 the place is mentioned under the possessions of the monastery St. Peter and Alexander. Later was half the town Kurmainzer fiefdom owned by the Counts of Rieneck and was there for centering Frammersbach . By 1333 at the latest, Lohrhaupten passed as an inheritance or dowry from the Counts of Rieneck to the Lords of Hanau . The other half of the place, the so-called "Seulbacher side" remained in Mainz property. The village was such a condominium . On the Hanau side, the village initially belonged to the Schwarzenfels Office , later to the Lohrhaupten Office . The residents of Lohrhaupten were active in forest and livestock farming and worked on the barren Spessart soil.

Modern times

The Reformation was introduced in 1559 , initially according to the Lutheran confession . In 1597, Count Philipp Ludwig II of Hanau-Münzenberg carried out a "second Reformation" in his territory: the county was now reformed . In 1607 the St. Peter and Alexander monastery ceded church patronage to Kurmainz. In 1675 a great fire destroyed half of the village.

In 1684 the Mainz half - as a fief of Mainz - fell completely to the County of Hanau together with the Bieber office in exchange for the Hanau half of the Partenstein office , which was also shared with Mainz . The church patronage also passed to Hanau.

Lohrhaupten and Kempfenbrunn formed a common parish until 1701, which was assigned to the "class" ( deanery ) Schlüchtern . Then Kempfenbrunn was independent until 1801. From 1801 to 1834 it again belonged to the parish of Lohrhaupten. After 1701 the parish belonged to the "class" sea ​​wood . The current church dates from 1765.

After the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , The village and office fell in 1736 - together with the entire county of Hanau-Munzenberg - to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel , which in 1803 became the Electorate of Hesse . Here the Lohrhaupten office was dissolved with the administrative reform of the Electorate of Hesse in 1821, Lohrhaupten became part of the newly formed Gelnhausen district . In 1866 the electorate was annexed by Prussia after the German-Austrian War and Lohrhaupten came to the state of Hesse after the Second World War .

In the course of the regional reform in Hesse , Lohrhaupten were incorporated into the 1972 newly founded municipality of Flörsbachtal by means of state law on July 1, 1974, and the former district of Gelnhausen merged into the newly formed Main-Kinzig district .

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1583: 93 worshipers
• 1632: 44 conscripts, plus 38 on the Seilbacher site
• 1753: 119 households and 1 Jew, a total of 546 people
• 1812: 126 fireplaces, 666 souls
Lohrhaupten: Population from 1753 to 2017
year     Residents
1753
  
 546
1812
  
 666
1834
  
 783
1840
  
 892
1846
  
 960
1852
  
 795
1858
  
 787
1864
  
 841
1871
  
 827
1875
  
 837
1885
  
 868
1895
  
 859
1905
  
 831
1910
  
 810
1925
  
 823
1939
  
 818
1946
  
 1,146
1950
  
 1,066
1956
  
 949
1961
  
 907
1967
  
 927
1970
  
 969
2011
  
 1,097
2013
  
 1,085
2017
  
 1,029
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; Flörsbachtal community

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1885: 805 Protestant (= 92.74%), 8 Catholic (= 0.92%), 55 Jewish (= 6.34%) residents
• 1961: 834 Protestant (= 91.95%), 71 Catholic (= 7.83%) residents

Mills

In the local area there were numerous mills that were fed by the water of the Lohrbach , Lepgesborn , Krebsborn , Wüstenborn , Peddigesborn and Borngasse . These included:

  • Horbeld mill (also: "Obermühle"), shut down in the 1950s
  • Keßler's grinding mill
  • Mittelmühle (also: "Mühle Deusingen"), closed in 1986
  • Oil mill, closed in 1929. The mill's grinder from 1750 is in the Deutsches Museum in Munich .
  • “Seitze” mill, shut down around 1950
  • Untermühle, shut down around 1950

coat of arms

Coat of arms of Lohrhaupten
 Blazon : "In the split shield: in front a green forest in gold, behind in red a silver gold-armored lion."

The coat of arms was approved on April 26, 1954 by the Hessian Ministry of the Interior.

Cultural monuments

See: List of cultural monuments in Flörsbachtal-Lohrhaupten

Personalities

literature

Web links

Commons : Lohrhaupten  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Lohrhaupten, Main-Kinzig-Kreis. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of May 24, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Lohrhaupten on the website of the municipality of Flörsbachtal, accessed in June 2018.
  3. ↑ Harald Bichlmeier, Wolfgang Vorwerk: On the water and place names Lohr - previous research and new ideas (= Bavarian-Austrian place and water names from an Indo-European perspective. Part 5). In: Wolf-Arnim Frhr. v. Reitzenstein (ed.): Sheets for Upper German name research. Vol. 51, 2014. Association for place and field name research in Bavaria e. V., Munich 2015, pp. 15–85, here p. 19.
  4. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the districts of Gelnhausen, Hanau and Schlüchtern and the city of Hanau as well as the recirculation of the cities of Fulda, Hanau and Marburg (Lahn) concerning questions (GVBl. 330-26) of March 12, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 9 , p. 149 , § 10 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3.0 MB ]).
  5. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 363 .
  6. ↑ Approval of a coat of arms of the municipality of Lohrhaupten in the district of Gelnhausen, administrative district of Wiesbaden from April 26, 1954 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1954 No. 20 , p. 483 , point 430 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2.9 MB ]).