Ludwig Philipp Strack

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Landscape with a waterfall

Ludwig Philipp Strack (born August 10, 1761 in Haina , Hesse ; † January 27, 1836 in Oldenburg ) was a German painter, lithographer and engraver of classicism as well as Eutin and Oldenburg court painter . He belonged to the Hessian artist family Tischbein .

family

Strack was the son of the monastery baker Johann Heinrich Strack (1720–1807) and his wife Louise Margarethe born. Tischbein (1727–1785). He grew up in Haina. His brother was the Bückeburg vedute painter and portraitist Anton Wilhelm Strack .

On November 3, 1795, Strack married his cousin, the flower painter Magdalena Margareta Tischbein (1763–1836), daughter of the painter Johann Jacob Tischbein (1725–1791) and the painter Magdalena Gertrud geb. Lilly. Her daughter Helene Strack (1798-1853) also became a watercolor painter (flowers), the son Heinrich Strack (the elder) an architect and court architect from Oldenburg, and the son Ludwig Strack the Elder . J. (1806–1871) portrait painter, in Oldenburg.

Life

Training and study trips

After a short high school attendance, he began his apprenticeship at the age of 12 with the Hofmechanicus in Hessen-Kassel Johann Christian Breithaupt in Kassel . Shortly after starting his apprenticeship, he went to his cousin Johann Heinrich Tischbein the Younger , who was a gallery inspector in Kassel. During this time he copied Holländer at the Count's picture gallery in Kassel.

From 1773 Strack was taken over by his uncle, the Kassel court painter Johann Heinrich Tischbein the Elder. Ä. , educated. In 1773 he found him a job with the Hereditary Prince Friedrich Ludwig von Oldenburg in Eutin , whose picture gallery he was to lead. However, he left the royal seat of Eutin a short time later in order to study further with his painter uncles from 1783 to 1786 in Oldenburg, Hamburg , Lübeck and Kassel. In 1787 he and Johann Georg Pforr received a gold medal from the Kassel Art Academy . In 1788 he received an Italian scholarship from the Kassel Academy . When he arrived in Rome in spring 1789 , his cousin Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein was working on the painting Goethe in the Campagna . In a letter to the Darmstadt scholar Johann Heinrich Merck , he describes the painting very vividly. After Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein was appointed academy professor and director in Naples , Strack followed him there. Under his influence and in collaboration with Christoph Heinrich Kniep , Strack's decision, based on Jakob Philipp Hackert's works, matured during this time to devote himself to landscape painting . Numerous studies of nature were made in Naples . Subsequently, he traveled several times to Rome, Sicily and Malta for study purposes .

In 1794 he returned to Kassel. The Kassel Art Academy appointed him a member the following year. In 1796 Strack received from Landgrave (from 1803 Elector ) Wilhelm IX. von Hessen-Kassel (1743-1821) the title of Kurhessischer Hoflandschaftsmaler . But Wilhelm IX. had a much greater interest in expanding his palaces and parks and less in painting. He paid Strack badly. Therefore, two years later, in a letter dated December 17, 1798, Strack asked for his departure in order to take up employment with Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig von Oldenburg at the Eutinian court , as he hoped for better earning opportunities there. The first request was rejected, which is why Strack repeated his request in March 1799. The landgrave then demanded all travel money paid to Strack back from him before he would approve the request. Since Strack could not find buyers for his works in Kassel, he wanted to settle in Hamburg first . The Landgraf and Strack must have come to an agreement afterwards. In 1799 he returned to the service of Peter I as a landscape and court painter, now administrator in the Duchy of Oldenburg at the Eutin court. As a “ beautiful spirit ”, the Duke not only promoted architecture and science, but also painting. During this time numerous oil paintings and engravings were created.

Manor Gut Knoop

During his time in Eutin, around 1799, Strack carried out work in the manor house of Gut Knoop , where the young Italian painter Giuseppe Anselmo Pellicia also worked. Valuable Réveillon wallpapers and canvas paintings by Strack are still preserved today. There are four large-format canvas paintings with Italian landscapes in the central garden room with the large garden terrace. These “ideal landscapes” were to a certain extent juxtaposed with the real landscape of the garden on the Eiderkanal : The landscape park was understood as a work of art and linked to the manor house.

Activity in Eutin and Oldenburg

Around the same time, Strack was also busy working on the south wing of the Eutin Castle .

After the secularization of the Principality of Lübeck to the Principality of Lübeck through the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803, Strack moved in the same year with Peter I to the Duke's Oldenburg court ( Grand Duke from 1815 ). The time of the French occupation (1811-1813) Strack again spent in Hamburg and Eutin.

Strack was a member of the Masonic lodge Zum golden Hirsch in Oldenburg.

plant

Strack's work is divided into two different areas. He began as a copyist and portraitist and, during his stay in Italy, turned to portrait landscapes based on the work of Jakob Philipp Hackert. The drawings and sketches made in Italy formed Strack's motif fund until his later days, which he repeatedly used, especially for his ideal Italian landscapes. His pictures go back to Claude Lorrain's classical landscape painting . Strack differs from Hackert in its greater softness, the atmospheric space and the milder and warmer colors.

Strack is still regarded as an artistic discoverer of the East Holstein landscape , since the representation of the Holstein landscape in painting began with his works. For his sovereign he created numerous depictions of Holstein landscapes, with Strack also relegating the topographically precise rendering to the background compared to an idyllic elevation through transfigured light or an increase in the optical width. From 1799 onwards Strack's Holstein landscape views were also distributed with high circulation through copper engravings .

Exhibitions

Museum review

literature

Web links

Commons : Ludwig Philipp Strack  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Erich Herzog: Kurhessische Maler 1800–1850 . Hessische Brandversicherungsanstalt, Kassel 1967 p. 6.
  2. ↑ a b c Erich Herzog: Kurhessische Maler 1800–1850 . Hessische Brandversicherungsanstalt, Kassel 1967, p. 7

Remarks

  1. ↑ According to DNB in ​​Oldenburg (Oldb)
personal data
SURNAME Strack, Ludwig Philipp
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter, lithographer and engraver
DATE OF BIRTH August 10, 1761
PLACE OF BIRTH Haina , Hessen
DATE OF DEATH January 27, 1836
Place of death Oldenburg