Mýto v Čechách
| Mýto | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Plzeňský kraj | ||||
| District : | Rokycany | ||||
| Area : | 1780 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 47 ' N , 13 ° 44' E | ||||
| Height: | 443 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 1,538 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 338 05 | ||||
| License plate : | P | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | František Končel (as of 2010) | ||||
| Address: | Náměstí 109 338 05 Mýto v Čechách |
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| Municipality number: | 560014 | ||||
| Website : | www.mestomyto.cz | ||||
| Location of Mýto in the Rokycany district | |||||
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Mýto (German Mauth ) is a city with 1538 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2019) in the Czech Republic . It is located twelve kilometers northeast of Rokycany and 28 kilometers east of Pilsen in the Brdywald and belongs to the Okres Rokycany . The cadastral area is 1780 ha.
geography
The place is 443 m above sea level. M. in the northern part of the Brdywald in the valley of the Holoubkovský potok. The Mýtský vrch (538 m) rises to the north and the Osičina (618 m) to the south. On the northern outskirts of the city, the route of the D 5 / European route 50 runs between Pilsen and Prague , from which exit 50 - Mýto leads to the city and Těškov . State road 605 between Rokycany and Žebrák and the railway between Rokycany and Hořovice run through the village . In the vicinity of Mýto there are two large ponds, the Podmýtský rybník on the western outskirts and the 56-hectare Štěpánský rybník located to the east near the hamlet Svatý Štěpán, both of which are fed by the Holoubkovský potok.
Neighboring towns are Lhota pod Radčem and Sirá in the north, Cekov in the northeast, Kařízek and Cheznovice in the east, Strašice in the south, Medový Újezd in the southwest, Holoubkov in the west and Těškov in the northwest.
history
The first written mention of Mýto comes from the year 1296. The place, however, older and was already a parish, as a pastor Gottfried is mentioned in the first mention. At that time an important trade connection from Prague to Bavaria runs through Myto, where a toll station was built and which probably became the origin of the city. However, this place was not the present city center, but the area around the Church of St. Stephen in today's hamlet Svatý Štěpán.
In 1325, Johann von Luxemburg granted Peter I von Rosenberg the right to collect tolls in Mauth , who took over the protection of the road between Pilsen and the beggars . In the period that followed, a new settlement was built one kilometer southwest on the trade route in which a new church was built around 1350, which was consecrated to the Evangelist John. In the second half of the 14th century, the new Mýto was elevated to a town by the Rosenbergs and an inn, bathhouse and eight meat banks were built.
During the Hussite Wars , Andreas Prokop gathered his armies in Mýto in 1431 for the Battle of Taus and Georg von Podebrady also prepared his troops here for the battles with the Strakonice League. During this time, the place was firmly in the hands of the Hussites and was spared from their looting.
In 1639 the troops of the Swedish general Banér Mýto looted and pillaged . To help the ailing town, Leopold I. Mýto waived the interest from the customs revenue for the restoration of the church and the building of a school.
Due to the construction of the railway, the trade route lost its importance in the second half of the 19th century. As a result, the town, whose inhabitants had previously lived from doing business with the carters passing through, became impoverished. As a new livelihood, the nail and purpose-built blacksmithing industry, which was carried out in Mýto until the 1960s. Agriculture served as a sideline. The brewery and the malt house founded in 1870 were also significant. In 1897 the brewery was shut down and only malt production continued. During the transition from the 19th to the 20th century, parts of the town were destroyed by several city fires. On June 7, 1905, Emperor Franz Joseph I. granted Mauth full city rights. After the construction of the railway, the town, which previously only stretched on the right bank of the Holoubkovský potok, was extended to the south, where a new settlement was built opposite the stream at the station.
The malt house , which was owned by the Dr. Ebert & Sohn was one of two malt houses in all of Bohemia in the middle of the 20th century. Before the Second World War, Switzerland was the main buyer of malt exports from Mýto and after the end of the war production was expanded to include colored malt, which was exported to Venezuela , Norway , Sweden , Cuba , Greece and the Soviet Union . In 1994 the malt factory was closed.
Local division
No districts have been identified for the city of Mýto. The settlement Kařízek II and the hamlets Svatý Štěpán and U Huti belong to Mýto.
Attractions
- Church of John the Baptist, on the market square, originally consecrated to the Evangelist John, was built around 1350, after the destruction in the Thirty Years War it was rebuilt between 1680 and 1682. The church tower was built in 1721 during the tenure of pastor Jan Ignác Libertin, who in 1720 Gothic windows replaced by baroque ones. The plans for the reconstruction of the nave come from Thomas Haffenecker.
- Statue of St. John of Nepomuk, on the market
- Church of St. Stephen in Svatý Štěpán, built in the 13th century in the Gothic style. It received its baroque church tower in the 18th century. The resting place of the pastor and writer Jan Ignác Libertin (1689–1756) is located in the crypt. The remote church has been broken into several times in the recent past, inventory stolen and the church vandalized by vandals.
- former rectory in Svatý Štěpán
- new rectory, built 1726–1727 according to plans by the Prague builder Thomas Haffenecker
- Statue of St. Anthony of Padua on the avenue to Svatý Štěpán
- Chapel of St. Anna on the avenue to Svatý Štěpán
- Linden avenue "Svatopluk Čech" leads from Mýto to Svatý Štěpán
- Chapel of St. Adalbert, north of the town on Mýtský vrch, the chapel built in 1790 was renovated in 1854. Inside there is a wooden statue of the patron. Since 1907 an avenue lined with cherry trees has led to the chapel, which is also a good vantage point over the Brdywald.
sons and daughters of the town
- August Wilhelm Ambros (1816–1876), Austrian music historian
- Alois Šmolík (1893–1952), aircraft designer
Individual evidence
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
Web links
- http://www.mestomyto.cz/ (Czech)