Manfred Göthert

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Manfred Göthert, 1997

Manfred Göthert (born December 12, 1939 in Braunschweig ; † June 28, 2019 ) was a German doctor and pharmacologist .

Life

His parents were the physicist Rudolf Göthert and his wife Luise geb. Freise. Manfred Göthert attended schools in Germany and France, passed the Abitur examination in Braunschweig in 1959 and then studied medicine in Hamburg , Freiburg im Breisgau , Innsbruck , Vienna and Göttingen . After the state examination and doctorate to Dr. med. In 1965 he worked from 1967 to 1978 at the Pharmacological Institute of the University of Hamburg with Günther Malorny . Here he completed his habilitation in pharmacology and toxicology in 1971 . From 1978 to 1985 he was professor for biochemical neuropharmacology at the Pharmacological Institute of the University of Essen under Hans-Joachim Schümann . In 1985 he was appointed to the chair for pharmacology and toxicology at the University of Bonn , which he held until his retirement in 2006. In 1989 he turned down a call to Lübeck . For four and a half years, from 1998 to 2002, he was dean of the Bonn Medical Faculty. From 2002 he was the rectorate representative of the University of Bonn for the cooperation with the Collège de France in Paris.

Since 1966 he was with the doctor Irmgard Karin geb. Scheibler, with whom he had three sons.

research

His field of research was neuropharmacology. Particularly noteworthy are the findings about the mechanism of action of ethanol and anesthetics , about the neurotransmitter serotonin , about presynaptic receptors and about imidazoline receptors .

In Hamburg, Göthert decided to clarify the circulatory effects of the anesthetic halothane . Halothane inhibited the release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla . It also inhibited the release of norepinephrine from postganglionic sympathetic neurons . Ethanol and other anesthetics did the same, depending on how the release was triggered: the release from electrical stimulation was hardly reduced, while the release from nicotine was greatly reduced. Nicotine releases norepinephrine by activating nicotine receptors . Nicotine receptors are ligand-gated ion channels . It turned out that ethanol and anesthetics selectively blocked ligand-gated ion channels. Not, as has usually been assumed since Hans Horst Meyer , an unspecific storage in the lipids of biomembrane , but a selective interaction with these receptor proteins was the basis of the typical effects - probably also the drowsy to narcotic effects - at the molecular level: a change.

The ability to measure catecholamines was brought together by Göthert with the Hamburg neuroanatomist and serotonin researcher Hans Georg Baumgarten (* 1936). This resulted in joint work and finally, opening a new research path, the proof that serotonin inhibited its own release from brain neurons, that there were presynaptic serotonin autoreceptors . Göthert's group in Essen, together with researchers from the Sandoz company in Basel, succeeded in several steps in classifying these serotonin autoreceptors into the large spectrum of serotonin receptors . In 1997 Baumgarten and Göthert summarized the knowledge of serotonin at the time in the handbook of experimental pharmacology .

In addition to the presynaptic serotonin autoreceptors, Göthert has enriched knowledge of presynaptic receptors in many ways. He elegantly confirmed that inhibiting presynaptic receptors primarily slow down the influx of calcium into the presynaptic endings and thus secondarily slow down the transmitter exocytosis . He discovered presynaptic receptors for somatostatin and adrenocorticotropin , characterized presynaptic α 2 -adrenoceptors and receptors for histamine , cannabinoids , prostaglandins , γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamic acid in more detail and analyzed the interactions between them. Not least thanks to his research, the initially controversial existence of presynaptic autoreceptors is now generally recognized.

If there are reliable results on these three research topics, the findings on the fourth topic still require a consensus interpretation. The hypothesis is that there are so-called imidazoline receptors and that these are responsible for the antihypertensive effects of antisympathotonics of the clonidine type . Göthert's group in Bonn contributed to the detection of a novel presynaptic inhibition by imidazolines and suggested that the receptors could be identical to receptors for the body's own lysophosphatides . Other researchers disagree with the hypothesis.

Research organization

Göthert was President of the German Society for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology ( DGPT ) from 1997 to 1999 and President of the Federation of European Pharmacological Societies (EPHAR) from 2004 to 2006 . He was a founding member (1987) and vice-president of the Serotonin Club from 1994 to 1998 and a member of the Nomenclature Committee for Serotonin Receptors of the International Union of Pharmacology (IUPHAR) from 1987 to 2009 .

From 1996 to 2005 he was a member of the Medicines Commission of the German medical profession .

From 1982 to 2007 he was editor or consultant editor of Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology , from 1995 to 2002 managing editor.

Honors

Göthert was a member of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences (1997) and the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina (1998) as well as an honorary member of the Polish Pharmacological Society (2001), the Serotonin Club (2008) and the German Society for Pharmacology (part of the DGPT ) (2014). He received honorary doctorates from the Medical University of Białystok (2003) and the Silesian Medical University of Katowice (2004).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Manfred Göthert: Obituaries . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , July 3, 2019.
  2. ↑ Barbara Malinowska, Edmund Przegaliński, Eberhard Schlicker: Prof. Dr. med. Dr. hc mult. Manfred Göthert (1939-2019) . In: Pharmacological Reports . January 20, 2020, ISSN  1734-1140 , p. s43440-019-00057-2 , doi : 10.1007 / s43440-019-00057-2 ( springer.com [accessed March 16, 2020]).
  3. ^ M. Göthert and C. Dreyer: Inhibitory effect of halothane anaesthesia on catecholamine release from the adrenal medulla. In: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 1973; 277: 253-266
  4. ↑ M. Göthert and G. Thielecke: Inhibition by ethanol of noradrenaline output from peripheral sympathetic nerves: possible interaction of ethanol with neuronal receptors. In: European Journal of Pharmacology 1976; 37: 321-328
  5. ↑ Klaus Starke : Selectivity of ethanol on ligand-gated ion channels. In: Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 1991; 12: 182
  6. ↑ M. Göthert and G. Weinheimer: Extracellular 5-hydroxytryptamine inhibits 5-hydroxytryptamine release from rat brain cortex slices. In: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 1979; 310: 93-96.
  7. ↑ G. Engel, M. Göthert, D. Hoyer, E. Schlicker and K. Hillenbrand: Identity of inhibitory presynaptic 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) autoreceptors in the rat brain cortex with 5-HT 1B binding sites. In: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 1986; 332: 1-7
  8. ↑ HG Baumgarten and M. Göthert (eds.): Serotoninergic Neurons and 5-HT Receptors in the CNS. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology 129. Berlin, Springer-Verlag 1997. ISBN 3-540-62666-2
  9. ↑ M. Göthert: Serotonin-receptor-mediated modulation of Ca 2+ -dependent 5-hydroxytryptamine release from neurones of the rat brain cortex. In: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 1980; 314: 223-230
  10. ↑ M. Göthert: Somatostatin inhibits noradrenalime release from hypothalamic neurones. In: Nature 1980; 287: 86-88
  11. ↑ M. Göthert: ACTH 1-24 increases stimulation-evoked noradrenaline release from sympathetic nerves by acting on presynaptic ACTH receptors. In: European Journal of Pharmacology 1981; 76: 295-296
  12. ^ E. Schlicker and M. Göthert: Interactions between the presynaptic α 2 -autoreceptor and presynaptic inhibitory heteroreceptors on noradrenergic neurones. In: Brain Research Bulletin 1998; 47: 129-132
  13. ↑ K. Starke, M. Göthert and H. Kilbinger: Modulation of neurotransmitter release by presynaptic autoreceptors. In: Physiological Reviews 1989; 69: 864-989
  14. ↑ GJ Molderings, H. Bönisch, R. Hammermann, M. Göthert and M. Brüss: Noradrenaline release-inhibiting receptors on PC12 cells devoid of α 2 - and CB 1 receptors: similarities to presynaptic imidazoline and edg receptors. In: Neurochemistry International 2002; 40: 157-167
  15. ↑ Bela Szabo: Imidazoline antihypertensive drugs: a critical review on their mechanism of action. In: Pharmacology & Therapeutics 2002; 91: 1-35
  16. ↑ K. Starke: Pharmacology of noradrenergic and adrenergic systems. In: Klaus Aktories , Ulrich Förstermann, Franz Hofmann and Klaus Starke : General and systematic pharmacology and toxicology , 10th edition. Munich, Urban & Fischer 2009, pp. 161–199. ISBN 978-3-437-42522-6
  17. ↑ 80th Annual Meeting of the German Society for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (DGPT) from March 31 - April 3, 2014 at the Hannover Medical School . In: Biospectrum . No. 20 , 2014, p. 332–334 ( online (PDF) [accessed October 30, 2014]).
personal data
SURNAME Goethert, Manfred
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor and pharmacologist
DATE OF BIRTH December 12, 1939
PLACE OF BIRTH Braunschweig
DATE OF DEATH June 28, 2019