Martin-Christian Schmidt

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Martin-Christian Schmidt (born October 27, 1946 in Leipzig , † April 30, 2000 in Frankfurt (Oder) ) was a German harpsichord maker and musical instrument restorer . In his instrumental research, as well as in reconstructing historical instruments, he primarily devoted himself to the German harpsichord of the 18th century.

biography

Martin-Christian Schmidt was born in 1946 as the son of church musicians Erich Schmidt and Annemarie Schmidt. Becker was born in Leipzig. From 1950 he grew up in the Meißner Dompropstei at Domplatz 7, where his father's residence and official residence as Meißner cathedral choirmaster was. He did his apprenticeship as a harpsichord maker at the then Eisenberg company Ammer . He then specialized in the restoration of historical keyboard instruments and worked from 1968 to 1971 as a musical instrument restorer at the Museum for Musical Instruments at the University of Leipzig . In the same position he worked at the Kunstgewerbemuseum Berlin in Schloss Köpenick from 1972 to 1988 .

Reconstruction of a pantaleon from the first half of the 18th century by Martin-Christian Schmidt, Rostock (1992) in the Technical Museum Vienna

In 1988 he opened his workshop for historical keyboard instruments in Rostock as a freelancer . According to old tradition, he devoted himself to building the keyboard instruments harpsichord, clavichord and organ . He was supported in particular by his second wife Elfriede Gatzka († 2006) and from 1991–1994 by his son Johann-Gottfried and from 1995 by Karl Friedrich Wieneke as an organ builder.

When the Akademie für Alte Musik Berlin was founded, Schmidt and Armin Thalheim provided the musicians with advice and assistance.

Furthermore, Martin-Christian Schmidt initiated the construction of the carillon (Carillon) at the French Cathedral in Berlin and was the first player. In 1996 he acted as a founding member and first chairman of the Friends and Sponsors Association of the Bach Memorial at Köthen Castle (Anhalt) e. V.

The last research projects were aimed at proving the builders of piano instruments and their precise attribution by comparing the front edge impressions of the key fronts. In particular with the harpsichord in the Pillnitz Castle collection, which was previously only uncertainly identified , he succeeded in providing unequivocal proof of Gottfried Silbermann's authorship .

From 1967 to 1987 Martin-Christian Schmidt was married to Johanna Dorothea Gabriele Schmidt-Krause (* 1949). Of the four children born to this couple, two became active in the father's profession; Daughter Marie Elise studied media art at the HGB in Leipzig and after her father's death learned the profession of organ builder from her brother and today (as of 2014) works as an organ builder, pipe maker and freelance artist in Berlin.

Martin-Christian Schmidt died on April 30, 2000 of complications from pancreatitis . His Rostock workshop continued to operate under his name until 2003; since then it has been continued by his son as a workshop for historical keyboard instruments Johann-Gottfried Schmidt .

plant

Restorations (selection)

Kiel pianos

Organs

Replicas of historical instruments (selection)

Harpsichords

  • Hans Ruckers harpsichord (1594), replica for Akamus
  • 1992: Harpsichord after Michael Mietke , for Köthen castle (chapel)
  • 1994: Pedal harpsichord based on Michael Mietke's instruments, for Joachim Dalitz
  • 1995: Harpsichord after Hieronymus Albrecht Hass , Hamburg 1734, with 16 'register (for the 70th Bach Festival of the New Bach Society in Rostock)
  • 1998: Two manual harpsichord after Gottfried Silbermann , Freiberg around 1740 (the original is in the Dresden Museum of Applied Arts at Pillnitz Castle )
  • Harpsichord after Johann Heinrich Gräbner, Dresden 1739 (today in Pillnitz Castle, Wasserpalais) and Dresden 1774 (today in the Museum for Musical Instruments of the University of Leipzig)
    • 1999: For Handel Hall in Halle

Other

  • Clavichords after Christian Gottlob Hubert (Ansbach)
  • Clavichord after Augustin Straube, Berlin 1781 (with continuous soundboard)
  • Reconstruction of a Pantalone , suggested by Eva Badura-Skoda

Harpsichords made by Martin-Christian Schmidt were - in addition to their use in concerts and theater performances - also used on various occasions for CD recordings, especially by Gerald Hambitzer and Robert Levin .

Publications

Fonts

  • Historical harpsichords in Dresden. In: Wolfram Steude and Hans-Günter Ottenberg (eds.): Theatrum instrumentorum Dresdense - report on the conferences on historical musical instruments, Dresden, 1996, 1998 and 1999. Verlag der Musikalienhandlung Wagner, Schneverdingen 2003, ISBN 978-3-88979-102 -3 , pp. 125-136.
  • The German harpsichord construction and the 16 'register - possibilities and limits of realization. In: Christian Ahrens and Gregor Klinke (Red.): The German harpsichord. Symposium as part of the 24th Days of Early Music in Herne 1999. Published by the city of Herne. Katzbichler, Munich / Salzburg 2000, ISBN 3-87397-580-7 , pp 53-67.
  • Central German keyboard instruments: observation, determination and assignment. In: Monika Lustig, Howard Weiner (Red.): The Central German Harpsichord. Lectures as part of the harpsichord marathon "Johann Sebastian Bach and the Central German Harpsichord", Michaelstein, October 8-10, 1999. Blankenburg, ISBN 978-389512124-1 (= Michaelsteiner research contributions, 22). / As an electronic resource: CD-ROM. Michaelstein / Blankenburg 2003, ISBN 3-89512-124-X .
  • The 16 'register in 18th century German harpsichord construction. Grotesque or remarkable appearance with practical performance relevance? In: Eszter Fontana (Hrsg.): Festschrift for Rainer Weber. Halle 1999, ISBN 3-932863-98-4 , pp. 63–72 (= Scripta Artium, Vol. 1. Series of publications from the Leipzig University's art collections).
  • Rediscovered: Harpsichords from Silbermann and Mietke? In: Concerto - the magazine for early music No. 135, July / August 1998, pp. 34–42.
  • The pedal harpsichord - an almost forgotten keyboard instrument. In: Cöthener Bachhefte , 8th contributions to the colloquium on the pedal harpsichord on 18./19. September 1997. Publisher: Bach memorial site Schloss Köthen and the Historical Museum for Mittelanhalt. Koethen 1998.
  • The Hans Ruckers harpsichord from 1594 - a retrospective restoration. In: Christiane Rieche (Ed.): Kiel instruments from the Ruckers workshop - on conception, construction and ravalement as well as restoration and conservation. Report on the international conference from September 13 to 15, 1996 in the Handel House in Halle. Halle an der Saale 1998, ISBN 3-910019-12-9 , pp. 255–266 (= writings of the Handel House in Halle, no. 14).
  • Thoughts on the creation of a single-manual German harpsichord. In: Eitelfriedrich Thom (Hrsg.): Copy or replica - problems and tendencies in musical instrument making. Report on the 10th symposium on questions of musical instrument making, Michaelstein, 10. – 11. November 1989. Institute for Performance Practice, Michaelstein / Blankenburg 1992, ISBN 978-3-89512-056-5 , pp. 92–95 (= Studies on Performance Practice and Interpretation of 18th Century Music / Supplement 12) (German / English) .
  • Instrumental and conservation aspects of some selected “pianos” from the time of C. Ph. E. Bach. In: Hans-Günter Ottenberg and Margit Thalheim (Red.): Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach - Concepts 2. Conference report of the colloquium “Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach in Our Time” from March 4 to 6, 1984. Ed .: Concert hall “C. Ph. E. Bach ". Frankfurt (Oder) 1985.
  • A contribution to the harpsichord making by Hans Ruckers from an instrumental and technical perspective. In: Neue Museumskunde , vol. 21, issue 1/1978, p. 63.

Discography

Instruments built by Martin-Christian Schmidt are used in the following recordings:

  • Johann Sebastian Bach : The well-tempered piano I. Robert Levin on harpsichord after Antonio Migliai, Florence 1702 (BWV 846, 847, 854, 861, 864, 868, 869) and after Gottfried Silbermann , Freiberg around 1740 (BWV 850, 855, 859 , 860, 863, 866). 2 CDs. Edition Bachakademie, Hänssler , 2000.
  • Johann Sebastian Bach: The Well Tempered Clavier II. Robert Levin on harpsichord after Antonio Migliai, Florence 1702 (BWV 882, 885, 892) and after Gottfried Silbermann, Freiberg around 1740 (BWV 871, 877, 884, 887, 890, 893). 2 CDs. Edition Bachakademie, Hänssler, 2000.
  • Johann Sebastian Bach: Harpsichord Concerts, BWV 1052-1054. Robert Levin on harpsichord after Hieronymus Albrecht Hass , Hamburg 1734, Bach-Collegium Stuttgart, Helmuth Rilling . Edition Bachakademie, Hänssler, 2000.
  • Johann Sebastian Bach: Harpsichord Concerts, BWV 1055–1058. Robert Levin on harpsichord after Gottfried Silbermann, Freiberg around 1740 (BWV 1055, 1056, 1058) and after Johann Heinrich Gräbner, Dresden 1739 (BWV 1057), Bach-Collegium Stuttgart, Helmuth Rilling. CD. Edition Bachakademie, Hänssler, 2000.
  • Johann Sebastian Bach: Concerti for three and four harpsichords. Robert Levin, Mario Videla, Michael Behringer and Boris Kleiner on harpsichords after Johann Heinrich Gräbner, Dresden 1739 and Hieronymus Albrecht Hass, Hamburg 1734 (BWV 1063-1065), Robert Levin on harpsichord after Gottfried Silbermann, Freiberg around 1740 (BWV 1044 and 1050a ), Bach Collegium Stuttgart, Helmuth Rilling. CD. Edition Bachakademie, Hänssler, 2000.
  • Johann Sebastian Bach: Musical sacrifice and art of the fugue. In: Numbers - in Duderstadt's Sparkasse and in Bach's late work. Hans Christoph Becker-Foss and Karl Wurm among others on harpsichords by Martin-Christian Schmidt after Johann Heinrich Gräbner, Dresden 1739 and by Rainer Schütze, 1980 after the Italian model as well as on the Ahrend organ to St. Servatius in Duderstadt, Dorothee Kunst (Flauto traverso), Annegret Siedel (baroque violin), Daniela Wartenberger (baroque violoncello). CD. Ambiente, 2008.
  • Johann Sebastian Bach: Trio in A major BWV 1025 and Fugue in G minor BWV 1026. Werner Ehrhardt , violin after Jacobus Stainer, Absam around 1680 and Gerald Hambitzer , harpsichord after Gottfried Silbermann, Freiberg around 1740. (1999) In: Bach 2000. Vol. 11, CD 9. Teldec, 2000 (world premiere).
  • Johann Sebastian Bach: Brandenburg Concerts I. La Stravaganza Hamburg , Siegbert Rampe on harpsichord after Michael Mietke, Berlin around 1710. (1992). CD. Intercord , 1993.
  • Bach and Silbermann . Works by Johann Sebastian Bach, Wilhelm Friedemann Bach and Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach . Gerald Hambitzer on harpsichord after Gottfried Silbermann, Freiberg around 1740. CD. Christophorus, 2005.
  • Johann Ludwig Krebs : Complete Organ Works - Vol. 5. Felix Friedrich on the Silbermann organ in Frankenstein and Irmtraut Friedrich on harpsichord after Gottfried Silbermann, Freiberg around 1740 ( Concerto à II harpsichord obligati in A minor) . CD. Querstand , 2001.

literature

  • Elfriede Gatzka: Problems of the identification of "pianos" Gottfried Silbermanns. In: Gottfried Silbermann as "InstrumentMaker". Freiberg Studies for the Organ, No. 9. Published by the Gottfried Silbermann Society. Kamprad, Altenburg 2006, ISBN 978-3-930550-41-8 , pp. 70-96.
  • Andreas Waczkat: Martin Christian Schmidt †. In: Concerto - the magazine for early music. 17th year, issue 153, June 2000, Concerto-Verlag Cologne, ISSN  0177-5944 , p. 8.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Restorers, including employees of the musical instrument museum. ( Memento of the original from July 31, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. On the Wiki of the Institute for Musicology at the University of Leipzig , accessed on December 28, 2011. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.uni-leipzig.de
  2. ↑ From Köpenick to Tokyo - The Academy for Early Music Berlin celebrates its 25th stage anniversary. Conversations with Felix Hilse, 11/2007 at klassik.com , accessed on December 28, 2011.
  3. ↑ Suddenly a new sound experience. Conversations by Raphael Alpermann, Bernhard Forck and Dörte Wetzel. Manuscript of the portrait film (PDF file, 232 kB) by Uli Aumüller. From the inpetto-film website , accessed on December 28, 2011, pp. 9 and 10.
  4. ↑ Jeffrey Bossin : Martin-Christian Schmidt - First Carillonneur at the French Church in Berlin. In: Communication from the German Glockenspielvereinigung. No. 20, December 1991. On-line at author's website, accessed December 28, 2011.
  5. ↑ See also: Jeffrey Bossin : The Carillons of Berlin and Potsdam. Stapp, Berlin 1991, ISBN 3-87776556-4 .
  6. ↑ New Bach support group. ( Memento from September 11, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) Report in the Mitteldeutsche Zeitung from April 25, 1996, accessed on December 28, 2011.
  7. ↑ Armin Thalheim played and recorded a concert on this instrument, Martin-Christian Schmidt plays one part in Giles Farnaby's piece For Two Virginals : The Ruckers harpsichord in Köpenick Castle. Concert recording from July 5, 1980. LP. Eterna .
  8. ↑ Conny Restle : Gottfried Silbermann and the fortepiano for the Prussian court in Potsdam. In: Günther Wagner (Ed.): Yearbook of the State Institute for Music Research Prussian Cultural Heritage 2001. JB Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2001, ISBN 3-476-01876-8 , p. 194. Table of contents and foreword (PDF; 94 kB) as well Text (PDF file, 3.1 MB) , accessed on December 28, 2011 from the State Institute for Music Research .
  9. ^ Paul Badura-Skoda : Bach interpretation - the piano works of Johann Sebastian Bach. Laaber, Laaber 1990, ISBN 3-89007-141-4 , p. 161.
  10. ↑ organ portrait on the website of the Mecklenburg Organ Museum , accessed on 28 December 2011th
  11. ↑ Mecklenburg organ inventory on the website of the Mecklenburg Organ Museum, accessed on December 28, 2011.
  12. ^ Ingeborg Allihn: Laudation for the awarding of the Telemann Prize 2006 to the Academy for Early Music Berlin.
  13. ↑ Ute Hartling: 73 minutes of Köthener sounds. ( Memento from September 6, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) In: Mitteldeutsche Zeitung. August 31, 1994, accessed December 27, 2011.
  14. ↑ See Andreas Waczat: Copies based on historical models in the Bach memorial at Köthen Castle. In: Cöthener Bach-Hefte 13 (2006), pp. 139–146.
  15. ↑ Works for organ and pedal harpsichord. ( Memento of October 13, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Concert program of October 13, 2007, accessed on December 27, 2011.
  16. ↑ See Frank-Harald Greß : Gottfried Silbermann - Works - Stringed Keyboard Instruments. Article in Music in Past and Present , Person Part Volume 15, Bärenreiter, Kassel etc. 2006, ISBN 978-3-7618-1135-1 , pp. 790–791. ("Stringed keyboard instruments (if preserved and certainly built in Silbermann's workshop) - harpsichord: Pillnitz Castle, Kunstgewerbemuseum, Inv.-Nr. 37413, around 1740.")
  17. ↑ Frank Czerwonn: New musical instruments for historical concerts - Harpsichord dedicated to Handel Festival. ( Memento from September 4, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) In: Mitteldeutsche Zeitung. June 1, 1999, accessed December 27, 2011.
  18. ↑ See Eva Badura-Skoda: Stringed Keyboard Instruments after 1700: Reconstructions of Lautenwercke and a Hämmerpantalone. In: Thomas J. Mathiesen and Benito V. Rivera (eds.): Festa Musicologica - Essays in Honor of George J. Buelow. 1995, ISBN 0-945193-70-X , pp. 271–288, especially p. 283. (= Festschrift Series , No. 14.)
  19. ↑ See discography.
  20. ^ Table of contents at the German National Library , accessed on December 28, 2011.
  21. ↑ Discussed by John Koster: German keyboards. In: Early Music. Vol. 33, Number 1, February 2005, ISSN  0306-1078 , pp. 124-128. See the table of contents on Project MUSE , accessed December 28, 2011.
  22. ↑ table of contents. ( Memento of December 26, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 87 kB). Retrieved December 28, 2011.
  23. ^ Table of contents in the search engine for electronic documents in the Austrian Union Catalog, accessed on December 28, 2011.
  24. ↑ CD booklet (PDF file, 1.1 MB) ( Memento of the original from December 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved from Sparkasse Duderstadt on December 28, 2011. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sparkasse-duderstadt.de
  25. ↑ Review ( memento from September 6, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) by Theodor Schliehen in Klassik heute from May 3, 2005, accessed on December 28, 2011.
  26. ↑ With a preliminary remark by the author: “All data used in this work were collected by Martin-Christian Schmidt […]. Some of them have been rearranged by me, some have been re-commented in order to make connections more visible. "
personal data
SURNAME Schmidt, Martin-Christian
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German harpsichord and organ builder and musical instrument restorer
DATE OF BIRTH October 27, 1946
PLACE OF BIRTH Leipzig
DATE OF DEATH April 30, 2000
Place of death Frankfurt (Oder)