Michelangelo Grigoletti

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Michelangelo Grigoletti, self-portrait

Michelangelo Grigoletti (born August 29, 1801 in Pordenone , † February 11, 1870 in Venice ) was an Italian painter between Romanticism and Classicism, in particular a portraitist and creator of religious and historical-literary subjects.

Life

Grigoletti: Assumption of Mary , Esztergom Cathedral

Grigoletti was born (after the Peace of Campo Formio ) as a subject of the Habsburg Empire . He came from a poor background. His parents are Teresa de Michieli and Osvaldo Grigoletti (he immortalized them in a painting in 1829). After the family recognized and recognized his artistic inclination, a related priest supported him in his desire to study art. Through the mediation of the city of Pordenone, Grigoletti managed to free himself from military service, which lasted eight years in the Austrian Empire (to which the Habsburg Empire had become). As a thank you, he gave his hometown a picture depicting San Benedetto in 1824 .

Grigoletti began his studies in 1820 at the Venice Academy of Art ( Accademia di belle arti di Venezia ), which was then directed by Leopoldo Cicognara (1767-1834), a friend of Antonio Canovas and August Wilhelm Schlegel's acquaintance . Grigoletti made himself there, as a student of Teodoro Matteini (1754–1831) and Odorico Politi (1785–1846), acquainted with Neoclassicismo (the recourse to the great painters of the 16th and 17th centuries). After completing his studies at the academy in 1830, he began painting commissioned. In 1835 he traveled to Rome, where he studied the works of Annibale Carracci , Guido Reni , Domenichino Zampieri and in particular Giovanni Francesco Barbieri (called Guercino - the squint) and recorded his findings in a diary. In the same year he worked with Odorico Politi, Natale Schiavoni and Ludovico Lipparini on the decoration of the church of Sant'Antonio Nuovo in Trieste . In 1837 and in the following years he painted for high Hungarian clergymen (including Johann Ladislaus Pyrker ).

Grigoletti, who had taken up residence in Venice after completing his studies , met Ferdinand I in 1838 , who also visited Venice on his journey through Lombardy-Veneto to attend the reopening of the Teatro La Fenice . The emperor got him the commission for the painting I due Foscari . The work was well received, enriched the imperial art collection and established Grigoletti's fame, which the Vienna Art Academy made a member. In 1842 he met the painters Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller and Friedrich von Amerling in Vienna .

In 1850 Grigoletti got a permanent position as a professor at the Venice Art School, whose teacher he remained until his death. His students are u. a. Cesare Dell'Acqua , Tranquillo Cremona, Giacomo Favretto and Federico Zandomeneghi. Grigoletti distinguished himself as a portraitist (e.g. Giuseppe Longhi , Virginia Saltorelli , La famiglia Fossati , I fratelli Fossati ), as a painter of historical-literary subjects (e.g. I due Foscari , Paolo e Francesca ) and as a church painter (e.g. B. l'Assunzione della Vergine , L'Annunciazione ). Gilberto Ganzer (Director of the Municipal Art Museum Pordenone) writes about him: The personality of Grigoletti must be placed in the cultural framework of the Venetian visual arts of the 19th century, in an epoch of transition between Romanticism and Classicism.

Towards the end of his life, Grigoletti gave his hometown many paintings, drawings and studies - with the condition that they be exhibited in a museum, so that a large part of his work can be viewed in the Pordenone Municipal Art Museum. In Pordenone , Carlino and Codroipo streets have been named after him. The state high school (mathematics and science) in Pordenone is called Michelangelo Grigoletti .

Works (selection)

  • Giove che accarezza Amore (Jupiter caresses Cupid), 1824
  • Tancredi ferito è trovato da Erminia e da Vafrino (the injured Tankred is found by Hermine and Vafrin), 1826, Museo Sartorio in Trieste. The painting refers to the 19th chant of the epic The Liberated Jerusalem ( La Gerusalemme liberata ) by Torquato Tasso
  • La famiglia Fossati , 1828–1829, Pordenone Municipal Art Museum
  • I genitori (the parents), 1829, Pordenone Municipal Art Museum
  • I due nipoti (the two nephews), 1829, Pordenone Municipal Art Museum
  • Lucia ai piedi dell'Innominato (Lucia at the feet of the unknown), around 1830, on behalf of Princess Luisa Buoncompagni Ottoboni Ludovisi dei Duchi di Fiano, wife of Count Francesco Papafava from Padua. The painting refers to the novel The Brides by Alessandro Manzoni
  • Il Nibbio , 1830. The Nibbio is a character (the henchman of a feudal lord) from Manzoni's novel The Bride and Groom
  • Ritratto di signora (Portrait of a Lady), around 1835, Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna in Rome
  • San Michele Arcangelo che abbatte Lucifero (the archangel Michael overthrows Lucifer), 1837, altarpiece in the cathedral of Eger (Hungary), commissioned by Johann Ladislaus Pyrker
  • La Sacra Famiglia (the Holy Family, Hungarian: a szent család), 1838, altarpiece in the basilica in Eger, also commissioned by Pyrkers
  • Sant'Anna che educa la Vergine (St. Anne teaches the Virgin Mary), 1835–1838, altarpiece in the church of Sant'Antonio Nuovo in Trieste
  • Paolo e Francesca , 1840, Museo Sartorio in Trieste. The painting refers to the lovers in Canto 5 of the Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri
  • I due Foscari (the two Foscaris, last conversation between Doge Francesco Foscari and his son Jacopo), 1839–1842, Österreichische Galerie Belvedere in Vienna. The large painting (approximately 5 m wide) was built by Ferdinand I commissioned
  • Tancredi visita la salma di Clorinda (Tankred sees Clorinde's corpse), 1840–1843, private collection, commissioned by the collector Leone Hierschel (for an exhibition of the Società Triestina di Belle Arti). The painting refers to the 12th song of the epic The Liberated Jerusalem by Torquato Tasso
  • La famiglia dell'imprenditore Busetto-Petich (the family of the entrepreneur Busetto-Petich, who built the railway bridge over the lagoon), 1845, private collection, commissioned by the entrepreneur
  • l'Assunzione della Vergine (Assumption of the Virgin), 1846–1854, altarpiece in the Esztergom Cathedral , copy after Titian, commissioned by the Hungarian primate ' József Kopácsy
  • Il fornaretto (the baker's boy), after 1846. The picture refers to Pietro Tascal, the main character in a play by Francesco dall'Ongaro (1808–1873)
  • L'Annunciazione (Annunciation), 1857, altarpiece in the Annunziata church in Trento
  • Crocifissione (Crucifixion), 1864, altarpiece in the Esztergom Cathedral , commissioned by the Hungarian Cardinal János Scitovszky
  • La morte di San Giuseppe (Joseph's death), altarpiece in the church of Santa Maria Maggiore in Cordenons , 1868
  • Santo Stefano, re d'Ungheria, che offre la corona del Regno alla Madonna (St. Stephen , King of Hungary, has the imperial crown of the Madonna on) after Grigolettis death completed by Napoleone Nani , altarpiece in the cathedral of Esztergom , on behalf of the Hungarian Cardinal János Scitovszky

More pictures of the painter in the Municipal Museum Pordenone: Angelica Bearzi Pisenti , La signora Bianca F. , Andrea Galvani , Pietro Milani , Pietro di Montereale , Paesaggio dell'Agro Romano ( Ager Romanus , a romantic landscape of ruins). Other church images : Santa Lucia (diocesan church Santa Maria Nascente in Agordo, province of Belluno ) and Le anime purganti (the souls in purgatory, church San Tommaso Apostolo in Carlino ).

literature

  • Constantin von Wurzbach : Grigoletti, Michelangelo . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 5th part. Typogr.-literar.-artist publishing house. Establishment (L. C. Zamarski & C. Dittmarsch.), Vienna 1859, p. 336 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Lorenzo Schiavi, Ricordo di varii dipinti del professore dell'Accademia Veneta di Belle Arti Michelangelo Grigoletti (Recalling various pictures by the professor at the Venetian Art Academy Michelangelo Grigoletti), Milan 1910.
  • Giuseppe Maria Pilo (ed.), Michelangelo Grigoletti e il suo tempo (Michelangelo Grigoletti and his time), catalog of the exhibition in Pordenone 1971, Electa, Milan 1971.
  • Giuseppe Maria Pilo et al. (Ed.), Neoclassicismo, romanticismo, realismo; problemi e studi; omaggio a Michelangelo Grigoletti (Classicism, Romanticism, Realism; Problems and Studies; a tribute to Michelangelo Grigoletti), Electa, Milan 1975.
  • Gilberto Ganzer (ed.), La raccolta Galvani: il gusto e il collezionismo in Friuli (The Galvani Collection: Style and Collecting Activity in Friuli), Edizioni Studio Tesi, Pordenone 1994.
  • Silvestra Bietoletti and Michele Dantini, L'Ottocento italiano: la storia, gli artisti, le opere (The Italian 19th Century: History, Artists, Works), Giunti Gruppo Editoriale, Florence 2002.
  • Gilberto Ganzer (ed.), Michelangelo Grigoletti (1801 - 1870) , catalog of the exhibition in Pordenone 2002/2003, Graphic Linea, Feletto Umberto 2002.
  • Gilberto Ganzer and Vania Gransinigh, Michelangelo Grigoletti , Edizioni Bruno Alfieri, Milan 2007.

Web links

Commons : Michelangelo Grigoletti  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ sometimes Rorai Grande, a district of Pordenone, is given as the place of birth
  2. ↑ The term neoclassicism is used differently in German than in the rest of Europe and the USA, neoclassicismo in German roughly corresponds to classicism
  3. ↑ Source: Vania Gransinigh in Italia & Italy , No. 43/44, 2008, Italian Cultural Institute Vienna
  4. ^ Galleria Internazionale d'Arte Moderna di Ca'Pesaro in Venice
  5. ↑ La personalità di Grigoletti deve essere inquadrata nel contesto culturale e figurativo veneto dell'Ottocento, nel epoca di passagio tra il Romanticismo e il Neoclassicismo
  6. ^ Palazzo Ricchieri
  7. ↑ Luisa is best known from a drawing by Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres that belongs to the Robert Lehman Foundation
  8. ↑ long Francesco Hayez attributed the painting was / 2008 2009 in the Galleria Nuova Arcadia (Padova) on the exhibition Tancredi e Clorinda presented
  9. ↑ the painting was presented in 2009/2010 at the Pordenone Municipal Art Museum at the exhibition Un ponte per il mondo nuovo (A Bridge for the Modern World)
  10. ↑ about four times the size of the original in the basilica of Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari in Venice, the copy (over 13 m high, almost 7 m wide) is said to be the largest altarpiece painted on a seamlessly connected canvas
  11. ↑ the material was filmed several times, the best known Il fornaretto di Venezia from 1963, German titles: Der Bäckerbursche von Venezia (GDR) and In Ketten zum Schafott (FRG)
  12. ↑ Source: Aldo Gorfer, Trento città del concilio , edizioni Arca, Lavis 2003
  13. ^ The writer Schiavi is a nephew of Grigoletti
  14. ↑ Andrea Galvani (born July 24, 1797 in Cordenons ; † January 23, 1855 in Cordenons) was an Italian entrepreneur, inventor and art collector
  15. ^ A place in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region
personal data
SURNAME Grigoletti, Michelangelo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian painter
DATE OF BIRTH August 29, 1801
PLACE OF BIRTH Pordenone
DATE OF DEATH February 11, 1870
Place of death Venice