Mtsensk
city
Mtsensk
Мценск
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List of cities in Russia |
Mtsensk ( Russian Мценск ) is a town and Rajon -Zentrum with 43,222 inhabitants (14 October 2010) in Russia . It is located in Oryol Oblast , 49 km northeast of the regional capital Oryol .
After Oryol and Livnyy , Mtsensk is the third largest city in the oblast.
history
The first documentary mention of Mtsensk comes from the year 1147. At that time the place belonged to the Principality of Chernihiv . In the 14th and 15th centuries Mtsensk was part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania , in 1504 it came to Moscow and initially served as a fortress on the southern principality's borders. The fortress had to withstand attacks from the south several times, for example by Crimean Tatars in 1562 . In the 17th century, however, Mtsensk lost its strategic importance after Moscow expanded further south. Since then, Mtsensk has been considered a rather insignificant provincial town with a predominantly agricultural population.
In 1778 Mtsensk received city rights. At that time, the grain trade was developing there. In the 19th century, the city's first industrial operations, including textile factories that produced lace .
During the Second World War , Mtsensk was contested as one of the southern Moscow outposts and was occupied by the German Wehrmacht in October 1941 . On July 20, 1943, the city was recaptured by the German citadel (also known as the “Battle of the Kursk Arch”) during the advance of the Brjansk Front by the Red Army .
Population development
year | Residents |
---|---|
1897 | 9,823 |
1939 | 11,480 |
1959 | 14,266 |
1970 | 27,833 |
1979 | 41,790 |
1989 | 48,400 |
2002 | 47,807 |
2010 | 43,222 |
Note: census data
Economy and Infrastructure
The number of industrial plants in Mtsensk is not very large even today; there are textile factories and an aluminum foundry belonging to the Likhachev plant in Moscow .
Mtsensk has a railway connection and a long-distance station on the main line Moscow - Tula - Kursk - Belgorod . The M2 trunk road also runs near the city .
Attractions
About 15 km north of Mtsensk lies Spasskoje-Lutowinowo, the birthplace of the writer Ivan Turgenev . Today a museum complex has been set up there.
A number of historic church buildings have been preserved in Mtsensk, including the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary (1670s) and the Trinity Church (1777). In place of the Nikolayev Cathedral Church, which was blown up in the 1930s, the Nikolaus Chapel was built in 1996.
In Mtsensk there is also the Park of Culture and Recreation , which was opened in 1934 and is now one of the natural and horticultural monuments of the Russian Federation. The park festival is celebrated on May 1st of each year.
Town twinning
Mtsensk has been twinned with the Bulgarian city of Kubrat since 1980 .
Others
The city lent its name to the story The Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk and the opera of the same name based on it.
sons and daughters of the town
- Andrei Kisseljow (1852–1940), mathematician and mathematics teacher
- Iwan Schegalkin (1869–1947), logician and mathematician
- Arkady Yermakov (1899–1957), General
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ↑ Ермаков Аркадий Николаевич , encyclopedia.mil.ru (Russian)
Web links
- Unofficial city portal (Russian)
- Entry about Mtsensk on mojgorod.ru (Russian)