Werbeliner See nature reserve
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NSG Werbeliner See
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 Looking north over the Werbeliner lake |
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| location | Nordsachsen , Saxony , Germany | |
| WDPA ID | 555632897 | |
| Geographical location | 51 ° 29 ′ N , 12 ° 18 ′ E | |
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| Setup date | July 2016 | |
| particularities | Open pit mine | |
The nature reserve Werbeliner See is in the field of cities Delitzsch and Schkeuditz and communities Rackwitz and Wiedemar in Nordsachsen in Saxony . The approximately 1,506.3 hectare area north of Leipzig and south of the city of Delitzsch was placed under nature protection in 2019 . As the central part of the bird sanctuary "Agrarian area and post-mining landscape near Delitzsch", it includes the Werbeliner lake itself with around 450 hectares in the east of the area, the Grabschützer lake with almost 130 hectares in the west and the Zwochauer lake with approx. 12 hectares in the southwest and the surrounding areas terrestrial areas.
history
The area was subject to a change lock with the temporary safeguarding, but has not yet been legally designated as a nature reserve (as of September 2018). According to press reports, the security has now been extended to December 31, 2019.
The Leipzig Plain is part of the Central German lignite district . In the fertile agricultural landscape north of Leipzig, the lowering of the groundwater in preparation for lignite extraction began in the mid-1970s, and after about two years the Delitzsch-Südwest opencast mine was opened. Annual production of up to 10 million t of lignite to supply the Bitterfeld chemical plants was planned until 2005.
The places Grabschütz , Kattersnaundorf and Werbelin disappeared through the opencast mine.
The social upheaval in the early 1990s led to the abrupt end of open-cast mining and to remedial considerations for the future post-mining landscape . It was determined that the (south-east) remaining hole in Breitenfeld should become a large opencast mine (" Schladitzer See "), where intensive recreational use should take place. The remaining hole Delitzsch-Südwest, however, is to be developed as a focus for nature and landscape. Here u. a. the "Werbeliner See" emerges as a disturbance-calmed body of water.
In concrete terms, large parts of the west of the area, for which no obvious dangers could be detected, were left to their own devices without any further mining measures. As a result, a certificate of conveyor bridge technology ("Rippenkippen") that is probably unique in Germany was preserved over a large area.
In the edge areas of the open-cast mine, stability was created by sloping slopes and leveling. The flooding with river water from the Neue Luppe near Leipzig from 1998 to 2010 counteracted the risk of embankment breaches caused by inflowing groundwater in Lake Werbeliner. In order to maintain the planned final water level in the Werbeliner See, a connection between the lake and the Lober was created with the “Brodauer Ableiter” .
natural reserve
The resulting structures, poor topsoil conditions in the dump areas, the prohibition of entry under mining law, rising groundwater and flooding, size and tranquility in the area very quickly led to the area being colonized by many otherwise rare bird species. In 2006 the area was therefore registered by the Free State of Saxony and the Federal Republic as a central part of the bird sanctuary ("Agricultural area and post-mining landscape near Delitzsch").
So far 179 bird species have been registered in the area. All for the entire bird sanctuary named species ( Blaukehlchen , Tawny Pipit , Kingfisher , corn bunting , lapwing , red-backed shrike , ortolan , shrike , bittern , marsh harrier , red-necked grebe , red kite , bean goose , black-necked grebe , gull , black kite , eagle , barred warbler , wheatear ) were found in the nature reserve , but some only as food guests ( tree falcon , honey buzzard ) or winter / summer guest ( black woodpecker ).
Breeding observations from the area are available for 88 species. Targeted studies have shown that within a short period of time there are considerable fluctuations in the number of breeding pairs, from the complete collapse of formerly large populations (e.g. black-headed gulls ) to the re-establishment of considerable populations of other species (e.g. wryneck ).
Fourteen species ( red-necked grebe , black-necked grebe , teal , teal , shoveler and ferruginous duck , hen harrier , partridge , Spotted Crake , lapwing , snipe , redshank , crested lark and wheatear apply) to the Red List and species list Saxony as "threatened with extinction" (1), ten more ( little bittern and bittern , Montagu's Harrier , corncrake , Sandpiper , Hoopoe , Tawny Pipit and meadow Pipit , Great Gray shrike and whinchat ) as "endangered" (2) and thirteen ( Gadwall , Common Pochard , Eurasian Hobby , turtle dove , cuckoo , kingfisher , turncoat , woodlark , Barn swallow and Mehlschwalbe , Baumpieper , Schilfrohrsänger and Ortolan ) as "at risk" (3), fifteen types ( Singschwan , Brandgans , Kolbenente , goosanders , Small Sumpfhuhn , Austernfischer , gull , Herring , gull , Caspian and Mittelmeermöwe , warbler , Blaukehlchen , Bartmeise and Karmingimpel ) are "rare with geographical restriction" (R) and betw anzig more ( grebes , cormorants , eagles , water rail and common moorhen , black-headed gull , skylark , yellow wagtail , Yellow Warbler , Garden Warbler , Whitethroat , Whitethroat and Barred Warbler , Willow Warbler and Pied Flycatcher , Beutelmeise , corn bunting , linnet , house sparrow and Oriole ), although currently unchallenged, are but on the warning list (V). With the registration as a European bird sanctuary and the adoption of the Basic Protection Ordinance, the Free State of Saxony has taken on the obligation to maintain good habitat conditions for the bird species mentioned there and to develop and improve them if necessary. However, the Basic Protection Ordinance does not provide any means of doing this.
On the basis of the Saxon Nature Conservation Act, the lower nature conservation authorities are responsible for enforcing nature conservation regulations.
Since the end of the area control by the redevelopment agency LMBV , leisure activities have increasingly developed. Therefore, the nature conservation authority of the district felt compelled to determine the effects of these activities on the breeding process through ornithological studies. It has been proven that in the areas particularly affected - mainly the east and north shores of the Werbeliner See - either no breeding sites were occupied or broods that had begun were abandoned. Therefore, the temporary protection of the area as a nature reserve to avert danger to the bird world was inevitable in 2016.
recreation
The area is well developed for visitors. A total of four large public parking spaces are available on the edge. From there, around 50 km of paths (more than 30 of them paved) invite you to cycle, hike, skate, etc. You can linger at several viewpoints and rest areas. The nature trail around the Grabschützer See (approx. 8 km, approx. 2 hours walking time; start at the parking lot Zwochau) provides varied insights into the many islands and bays of the lake in every season. The origin of the area is explained on over 20 boards and you can learn interesting facts about the interesting and rare species that live here. The Naturschutzbund Deutschland runs an extensive grazing project with Scottish highland cattle on around 50 hectares to keep the landscape open; the nature trail leads directly along the pasture. The shortest circular cycle path around the Werbeliner See is around 17 km long, a good third of which is the regional themed cycle path " Coal-Steam-Light ".
To protect the bird world, the paths must not be left, dogs must also remain leashed on the paths. Bathing and storage is prohibited.
See also
Web links
- World Database on Protected Areas - conservation area Werbeliner See (English)
- Ordinance of the District Office of North Saxony establishing the nature reserve "Werbeliner See" from May 15, 2019 on laenderrecht.de, accessed on May 20, 2020
- The nature reserve at the Werbeliner See does not go down well everywhere on June 14, 2019 on lvz.de, accessed on May 20, 2020
Individual evidence
- ^ Mathias Schönknecht and Christine Jacob: Werbeliner See in Delitzsch until 2020 further under protection. Article, Leipziger Volkszeitung online, July 16, 2018
- ↑ Regional Planning Association West Saxony (1999): Brown coal plan as a renovation framework plan, Delitzsch-Südwest / Breitenfeld opencast mine. Resolved by the statutes of the Regional Planning Association of June 26, 1998, approved by the Saxon State Ministry for Environment and Agriculture on May 19, 1999 - manuscript, Leipzig
- ↑ Leipzig Regional Council (1997): Planning approval decision for Leipzig-Halle Airport, expansion project: northern expansion of Leipzig-Halle Airport. Leipzig, July 10, 1997 - Manuscript, Leipzig
- ↑ Regional Council Leipzig (2006): Ordinance on the definition of the European bird sanctuary "Agricultural area and post-mining landscape near Delitzsch"; last change (legal amendment): Landesdirektion Sachsen (2012)
