Nussberg (Braunschweig)

Nussberg
Nussberg with viewing platform on a former bunker
height	93  m above sea level NHN
location	City of Braunschweig , Lower Saxony ( Germany )
Coordinates	52 ° 16 '14 "  N , 10 ° 33' 21"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 16 '14 "  N , 10 ° 33' 21"  E
rock	Rogenstein
Development	Footpath

The Nussberg with the Prinz-Albrecht-Park on the map of the city of Braunschweig 2019

The Nussberg is a small elevation ( 93  m above sea  level ) in the eastern ring area of the city of Braunschweig on Franzschen Feld within the Prinz-Albrecht-Park .

Geology and use

geology

In the Nussberg, red lower red sandstone emerges next to or above a salt dome that drops vertically about 2000 meters . This salt dome leads to a gravity anomaly due to its lower specific density compared to the rock . The nut mountain was formed by salt tectonics . Until the 18th century it served as a quarry for the Braunschweiger Rogenstein , which was structurally very useful , which gave it its rugged structure.

use

Panorama shot over the Franzsche Feld with a view of the city center

The Nussberg towers over the rest of the city by about 20 meters. As part of the Prinzenpark, it is an important local recreational destination for the residents of the Eastern Ring Area. At the highest point, visitors to the park have a view over the city from a viewing platform built on a former bunker from the Second World War . In winter the mountain is used for tobogganing in the otherwise topographically rather flat Braunschweig. In the area behind the viewing platform, jumps and ramps have been created for mountain bikers. In addition, there are frequent kite-flying events on the slope of Franzschen Feld in autumn.

Surname

A Braunschweig patrician named Nottberg , who was certified as an entrepreneur for the quarry in this area in 1279, is considered to be the namesake . A map sketch from 1615 mentions the mountain as a Notber . The name therefore has nothing to do with nut trees.

history

In the Middle Ages, the Nussberg belonged to the city of Braunschweig and the Riddagshausen monastery; it was not until 1565 that an agreement was reached on an exact boundary between the northern part of Braunschweig and the southern part of the monastery. In addition to being used as a quarry, the mountain was also used as a vineyard for the Riddagshausen monastery and as arable land. The quarried Braunschweiger Rogenstein was used next to limestones from the Elm for the construction of the Braunschweiger Dom , but also for the production of cannon balls . The stones were brought into Braunschweig city center through the stone gate in vehicles. Around 1760 a canal was planned between the eastern Mittelriede and the mountain in order to bring in the still degradable remains of Rogenstein for fortifications.

According to Wilhelm Bornstedt, the Ottonroth desert was on the north side of the Nussberg in the direction of Gliesmarode . The origin of the place is estimated at 800, but it is first mentioned in the document of consecration of the Magni Church from 1031. The settlement was on a verifiable Feldbach zur Wabe , was at least 375 acres and was incorporated into the Riddagshausen monastery in the 14th century .

The bunker system built in 1944 on the eastern edge of the Nussberg can be recognized by the viewing platform that was set up directly on it. However, large parts of the site are closed due to the risk of collapse.

Thing place

→ Main article : Thingstätte (Braunschweig)

The name suggests that the thing is a North Germanic place of worship where justice was pronounced in the distant past. However, this is not the case, because this facility was only built in the 20th century. From 1934 to 1935, an open-air stage for up to 15,000 people was built according to plans by the architects Ernst Zinsser and Fritz Schaller . The Thingplatz , built in the form of an ancient amphitheater as a job creation measure, with a diameter of around 100 meters, was inaugurated after 17 months of construction on August 18, 1935 in the presence of Reich Minister Bernhard Rust .

Here the party leadership at the time had the population compete for party events and jubilees, for example on November 9th on the anniversary of the failed Hitler coup in 1923. In addition, consecration plays based on the Germanic model were performed or theater performances were given.

After 1945 most of the stones from the stage and auditorium were removed and used to rebuild the city. Although the area is now wooded, the former stands are still clearly recognizable from the largely overgrown stone stairs.

Web links

Commons : Nußberg  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Geophysical exploration of the Nussberg in Braunschweig on geophys.tu-bs.de
• From the quarry in front of the city to the urban recreation area . on braunschweig.de, accessed on February 21, 2012.
• The Nussberg during the Nazi era on vernetztes-gedaechtnis.de
• A " Blitzmädel " reports on her service in the Nussberg bunker from 1944 to 1945. ( Online ; PDF; 85 kB)
• Description of the Rogenstein vom Nußberg with photos, drawings and maps by the State Office for Mining, Energy and Geology in Lower Saxony, (pdf)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Buchardt Warnecke: The Braunschweiger Nussberg and its surroundings. (= Braunschweig City Archives and City Library, Kleine Schriften 28). 2nd Edition. Braunschweig 1996, p. 28
2. ^ Wilhelm Bornstedt: On the document from 1031: The reasons for the entry of the 11th parish villages of St. Magni and their location in today's townscape. A settlement geography. In: Church council to Magni: St. Magni 1031–1981. Braunschweig 1981, p. 22.
3. ^ Ralph Haas: Ernst Zinsser, Life and Work of an Architect of the Fifties in Hanover. Volume I, Hannover 2000, ISBN 3-931585-11-5 , p. 74.
4. ↑ Location of the Thingplatz on the Nussberg on braunschweig.de, accessed on October 19, 2013.
5. ↑ Reinhard Bein : Contemporary witnesses made of stone. Volume 1. Braunschweig 1930–1945. Döring, Braunschweig 1997, ISBN 3-925268-19-7 , p. 23.