Inselwallpark

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Inselwallpark
Inselwallpark
Braunschweig city center (1899)
Löbbeckes Insel and Löbbeckes Garten on a map of the city of Braunschweig from 1899.
"Bierbaums Insel" around 1850. The round temple on the hill stood where Villa Löbbecke is today.

The Inselwallpark is a park in the city of Braunschweig . The name comes from the adjacent street Inselwall , which in turn refers to Löbbeckes Insel , which forms the western part of the park. The eastern part is still called Löbbeckes Garten today. A little further to the east is the Gaußberg , which was named after the scientist Carl Friedrich Gauß .

Geography and equipment

The Inselwallpark is located on the northwestern edge of the city ​​center of Braunschweig, which is bounded by the western and eastern flood ditches of the Oker . The course of the river within the park is the Neustadtmühlengraben , which branches off at the Neustadtmühle towards the park. In the northeast the park is bounded by the Burgmühlengraben . It corresponds to the original course of the Oker, which now flows underground in the city center, emerges on the island wall, merges with the Bosselgraben coming from the west and then merges with the Eastern Umflutgraben. The Inselwallpark has an area of ​​8.31 hectares. On Löbbecke's island there is the detached former Villa Löbbecke and a large children's playground. Löbbeckes Insel is now a peninsula , which is connected to the city's network of roads and roads via several bridges or dams. The Bammelsburger Teich lies between the two dams in the south . Parts of the peninsula are inundated during floods. In the eastern part of Inselwallpark there is a fountain on a hill. The park has several sculptures from sandstone . There are two gates from the early days of the park facing the island wall.

history

Neustadtmühlengraben and playground on Löbbeckes Insel
Plaques commemorating the house where Ricarda Huch was born

The area is in the area of ​​the former Kaiser and Ludwig bulwarks, which were part of the Braunschweig ramparts . At the beginning of the 19th century these fortifications, which had become useless due to modern weapons, were redesigned into promenades according to plans by Peter Joseph Krahe . The brothers Heinrich Wilhelm and Julius Georg Bierbaum acquired the site and in 1805 had chamber builder Heinrich Ludwig Rothermundt build the two-story, castle-like Villa Bierbaum in the English country house style on the site of today's fountain , in which the poet Ricarda Huch was born in 1864 (Inselwall 16). In addition, a landscape park was created in the style of the early Romanticism , which was soon known as Bierbaums Garten . Staffage structures , temples and grottoes were also built on the property . A round temple in the Greek style was built on the former Ravelin . The Ravelin was called Bierbaums Insel and gave its name to the "Inselwall". Opposite the Bierbaumschen Villa there was a house from 1712 to 1831 in which, among others, the painter Pascha Johann Friedrich Weitsch lived.

In 1865 the Löbbecke banking family from Braunschweig acquired the park area. In the same year Constantin Uhde redesigned Bierbaum's manorial house. In 1880/81 Alfred Löbbecke had a single villa built in the Neo-Renaissance style on the Ravelin instead of the round temple . The plans again came from Uhde. The villa was henceforth called Villa Löbbecke , the area Löbbecke'sche Insel , later Löbbeckes Insel , or Löbbecke's garden . Promenade inspector Friedrich Kreiß had two dams built so that Löbbecke's island was permanently connected to the island wall. In 1882 he had the Bammelsburger pond built between the two dams. In 1911 a fence was erected that has separated the villa and the pond ever since.

In 1944/1945, during the Second World War , the Bierbaum house was badly damaged in a bomb attack. After the war ended, the partially destroyed building served as a refugee home . In 1959 the city of Braunschweig became the owner of the house and the park and had parts of it redesigned and the ruins and rubble removed. The baroque sculptures that can still be found in the park today are likely to come from other Brunswick gardens from the 18th century or the Salzdahlum palace gardens . At the former location of the Bierbaum House, two bronze plaques remind of the house and the bombing of Braunschweig.

The Löbbecke Villa was used by the SS from 1933 until 1935 as the Braunschweig SS headquarters. The villa was badly damaged in a bomb attack in 1944 and was not rebuilt until 1967/68. From 1968 to 2008 it was used as the guest house of the Technical University of Braunschweig . In 2009 the house was sold. Since 2011 it has been used as an office building after a renovation.

In 2008 another pumping station was built on the eastern edge of the Inselwallpark . It should reduce the inflow of mixed water into the Oker during heavy rain and keep Burgmühlengraben and Wendenmühlengraben completely free of mixed water. This is to avoid flooding the Braunschweig city center.

Impressions

  • Villa Löbbecke

  • West bank of Inselwallpark on Löbbeckes Insel

  • Plastic and fountain in Löbbecke's garden

literature

  • Luitgard Camerer, Manfred Garzmann, Wolf-Dieter Schuegraf, Norman-Mathias Pingel (eds.): Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon. Meyer, Braunschweig 1992, ISBN 3-926701-14-5
  • Jürgen Hodemacher : Braunschweig's streets - their names and their stories, Volume 1: Downtown. Cremlingen 1995, ISBN 3-927060-11-9
  • Wolfgang Kimpflinger: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . Architectural monuments in Lower Saxony. Volume 1.1 .: City of Braunschweig , Part 1, Hameln 1993, ISBN 3-87585-252-4
  • Heinz-Joachim Tute, Marcus Köhler: Garden art in Braunschweig. From the princely gardens of the Baroque to the public park of the Wilhelminian era. Braunschweiger Werkstücke, Volume 28, Series A, Braunschweig 1989, ISBN 978-3-87884-037-4

Web links

Commons : Inselwallpark  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Website of the city of Braunschweig , accessed on June 23, 2011
  2. ↑ a b Simon Paulus, Ulrich Knufinke: The Braunschweiger Wallring. Appelhans, Braunschweig 2011, ISBN 978-3-941737-59-4 , p. 91
  3. ^ A b c Jürgen Hodemacher: Braunschweigs streets - their names and their stories, Volume 1: Innenstadt. , P. 162
  4. ↑ a b Simon Paulus, Ulrich Knufinke: The Braunschweiger Wallring. appelhans, Braunschweig 2011, ISBN 978-3-941737-59-4 , p. 90.
  5. ↑ “On the left side is the elegant, formerly Bierbaumsche, now Löbbeckesche Garten ... The simply beautiful country house is designed by the Obercommissaire Rothermund according to an English pattern. The facilities on the island belonging to it in the Oker are in English style; on the top of a hill you can see a monument to the merchant Bierbaum, who had these facilities ... created. " , Friedrich Knoll : Braunschweig und Umgebung: Historisch-topographisches Handbuch with a plan of the city of Braunschweig. Braunschweig 1877, p. 176
  6. ↑ a b Wolfgang Kimpflinger: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Architectural monuments in Lower Saxony. Volume 1.1 .: City of Braunschweig. Part 1, p. 245
  7. ^ Braunschweigische Landesstelle für Heimatforschung und Heimatpflege (Ed.): Braunschweigisches Jahrbuch 1940/41. Verlag E. Appelhans & Co., Braunschweig 1940, p. 22
  8. ↑ Information from the City of Braunschweig on Villa Löbbecke , accessed on June 25, 2011
  9. ↑ a b Camerer, Garzmann, Schuegraf, Pingel (eds.): Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon , p. 114
  10. ^ History of the villa during the Nazi era at www.vernetztes-gedaechtnis.de , accessed on June 26, 2011

Coordinates: 52 ° 16 ′ 18 ″  N , 10 ° 31 ′ 4 ″  E