Ottmar staff

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ottmar bar (* before 1510 probably in Wiesloch , † 3. August 1585 in Kempten ) was a reformer of Sinsheim , Electoral Palatinate court preacher and pastor in Burgheim , Donauwörth and Kempten.

Life

Origin and early years

There are no documents about Ottmar Stab's origin. He probably came from a cohabitation of the Altwiesloch pastor Philipp Stab the Elder. Ä., Who came to his place of activity between 1503 and 1510. Ottmar first appears in a document on February 24, 1524, when he enrolled at the University of Heidelberg as Othmarus' staff ex Wissenloch . There he acquired the Baccalauréat of the artist faculty on December 10, 1527 . On February 15, 1530 he received his master's degree . In his six-year and therefore extraordinarily long study time, he probably studied Greek with Simon Grynaeus , Hebrew with Sebastian Münster , Latin and Roman history with Hermann von dem Busche and philosophy and later theology with Martin Frecht . Stabs later Lutheran conviction could be traced back to Frecht, who was early on in the Reformation and who attended Martin Luther's Heidelberg disputation in 1518 .

On September 16, 1532, Stab received the benefice of the Johannes Altar of the church in Frauenweiler from the vicar of the St. Michael monastery in Klingenmünster , which had been donated by the brothers Hans IV and Christoph Landschad von Steinach . The Landschad can therefore also be considered as possible support staff during his long studies. Since Frauenweiler had been largely demolished since it was incorporated into Wiesloch in 1526, the benefice was not associated with any residence obligation.

In the course of his life, Stab acquired various books, some of which were very expensive, and provided them with purchase entries. The entries in these books, which are now in the St. Mang church library in Kempten, are important sources for his life, which is otherwise difficult to grasp in a document.

On September 6, 1536, Stab in Rüdenhausen acquired an edition of Pliny 's Historia Mundi . At that time, in the Castell family chronicle of 1605, he is also recorded as a preceptor for the Counts of Castell in Rüdenhausen, where he probably taught Friedrich X. von Castell, but was dismissed due to his Protestant attitude.

Reformer in Sinsheim

On July 27, 1538, Stab noted the purchase of a book from Flavius ​​Josephus in Sinsheim . As the pastor of the place appointed by the Sinsheim Monastery, he complained to the Bishop of Speyer in December 1539 about the absence of the faithful who had come to the already Reformed places in the vicinity of Sinsheim (that was probably the places of the imperial knighthood of Hoffenheim , Daisbach , which were reformed in the 1520s , Michelfeld , Bischofsheim and Waibstadt ) would flock to hear the Lord's Supper there in both forms. He asked the bishop for permission to hold a Protestant communion in the parish church of St. Jakobus in Sinsheim in order to keep the faithful in the church. The bishop understandably refused the request and the staff said goodbye with an old-faith confession, but caused a sensation a month later with his marriage to Anna Bender, which was contrary to celibacy .

Stab was recorded in Sinsheim until the spring of 1543. His fragmentary notes and notations of two German hymns in a diurnal of the Diocese of Worms , including the song Komm, heiliger Geist, which can be documented in German for the first time in 1522 , probably come from there . In Sinsheim in 1541 the daughter Ottilia and in January 1543 the son Ottmar the Elder were born. J. born. His former fellow student Adam Bartholomäus , who was pastor in nearby Bretten from 1539 to 1542 , was certainly one of the staff's Reformation influences during the Sinsheim period .

Pastor in Burgheim and Donauwörth

Stab left notes of the dates of the birth and often of the early death of his children on the back flyleaf of the fifth volume of an eight-volume edition of the works of St. Augustine from 1528/29. According to these entries, he was already pastor or vicar in Burgheim in the Principality of Palatinate-Neuburg, which had been reformed since 1542 , at the latest when his daughter Ottilia died on February 3, 1545 . There he had probably followed Adam Bartholomäus, who had served as court preacher to Count Palatine Ottheinrich zu Neuburg since 1543 .

In response to a request from the Zwinglian-Calvinist reformer Wolfgang Musculus for a Lutheran predicant for Donauwörth , Bartholomäus again recommended staff, which was appointed to Donauwörth on March 23, 1545. The fact that the Lutheran staff there openly spoke out against Zwinglians quickly led to conflicts in Donauwörth, which was reformed by Musculus in the sense of Zwingli, so that staff only stayed there until September 1545. Adam Bartholomäus followed him there in the spring of 1546 temporarily before he was court preacher to Elector Friedrich II in Heidelberg from 1546 to 1549 .

In the meantime, Stab acquired a book in Pforzheim on November 16, 1546 . Nothing is known about his activities at that time.

Court preacher of the Palatinate

At the end of 1549 or beginning of 1550, Stab succeeded Bartholomäus as court preacher to Friedrich II in Heidelberg and wrote there with his six and seven year old sons Ottmar the Elder. J. and Philipp entered the university again on February 28, 1550. The elector had meanwhile submitted to the Augsburg Interim , but his Protestant attitude and the Bibliotheca Palatina may have been an incentive for staff. On June 19, 1550, he addressed a six-page creed to Elector Ottheinrich in Weinheim. As court preacher, Stab was first documented in 1554, but the nature of his duties suggests that he had held the office since his arrival in Heidelberg.

At first he was mainly concerned with the organization of the collection of 16,000 medical prescriptions on 3,000 pages of parchment, which the late Elector Ludwig V had put together from around 1525, which he completed in 1554 with the submission of the twelve-volume book of medicine . In addition, Stab seems to have taken care of the training of young students at the Dionysianum Scholarship Institute in Heidelberg, since between 1550 and 1560 he received several book gifts with dedications from pupils there. Stabs eighth child, daughter Anna, who was born in 1554, died on October 6, 1555 in Neustadt, so it can be assumed that during the plague years of 1554/55, Stab moved with parts of the court or the Dionysianum to the Palatinate secondary residence. Before setting off for Neuburg, Stab in Heidelberg could have been in contact with the young Italian scholar Olympia Fulvia Morata , for whom he is a possible contact, if not the hostess father, because of various mutual acquaintances and because of his scientific work.

In January 1556, in Alzey, where Stab had followed the terminally ill Elector Friedrich, a Heidelberg Jew by the name of Lazarus turned to Stab, expressed his fears that the Jews would be disadvantaged in the impending change of government and offered to settle Ottheinrich with money if the Electress after the death of Frederick he would remain in office for two years and the Palatinate could then be occupied by France. The scandalous offer resulted in the arrest of Lazarus and the search for people who knew it, but otherwise had no consequences, as Friedrich died a short time later and the change of government went smoothly.

The new elector Ottheinrich had hired Michael Diller as court preacher in 1552 , so that Stab no longer worked as court preacher in Heidelberg despite his good relationship with Ottheinrich. In addition to later evidence, the birth of the son Otto Haimaricus on January 7, 1557 in Amberg and the measles disease of the son Theodor Ottmar in the summer of 1557 in Simmern make a staff activity in the entourage of the later Elector Friedrich III. who initially administered the Upper Palatinate from Amberg and the Duchy of Palatinate-Simmern from Simmern , plausible in those years. In 1558, two eight and ten-year-old sons of Stab registered again in Heidelberg, so that from that year he was probably staying there again.

From June 3rd to June 8th, 1560, staff in Heidelberg took part in the religious discussion between the Calvinist councilors of Friedrich III, who had meanwhile been raised to become elector. and the Lutheran clergy of his son-in-law Johann Friedrich II of Saxony . In a pamphlet published in 1584 on four colloquia from 1529 to 1577, Stab is mentioned as court preacher of the wife of the elector among the participants in second place behind Pierre Boquin and before Thomas Erastus , but it is astonishing that the Lutheran staff on the Calvinist side at the disputation participated and is no longer mentioned in later sources. The disputation ultimately led to a change of faith in the Electoral Palatinate towards Calvinism .

When Stab's son Philip began spreading anti-Calvinist mockery in July 1560, Stab finally fell out of favor in Heidelberg. It is possible that in the late year 1560 he was still involved in the Lutheran second Church Ordinance of Neckarbischofsheim , which appeared on November 7th , as he saw the local lord Philipp von Helmstatt as patron of a Protestant Sinsheim preacher who was dismissed in 1527, as a councilor to Frederick II or during his time as pastor in Sinsheim around 1540.

Pastor in Kempten

Probably through the mediation of Michael Diller and the recommendation of Ludwig Rabus , Stab came to the Kempten Church of St. Mang in 1561 as the successor to Primus Truber as pastor . Another daughter Anna was born in Kempten in 1561 and the last child in 1562, the son Bartholomäus Ottmar. He also acquired other books there, which he provided with acquisition notes as usual. Between 1563 and 1567 four children of Stabs died of measles or scarlet fever and were buried in Kempten in the evangelical cemetery on Burghalde . The tombstone for the daughter Maria Cleophe († 1563) and the son Theodor († 1565) was found again in 1924 on a plot of land bordering the cemetery and is now owned by the Kempten municipal museums.

With the note of the death of their daughter Anna († 1567), the staff's biographical notes about his children end. Further biographical notes can be found in the Kempten council minutes.

In 1569, Stab received the offer of a pastor's position in Klagenfurt . However, he decided to stay in Kempten, where he was held in high esteem, which was mainly expressed in various monetary donations. At times, Stab even appeared to be capable of business when he negotiated a grant to buy a house in 1571, an increase in his wife 's widow's pension in 1573 and a scholarship for his son Bartholomew in 1574 . Nor does he seem to have lost his ardor against the papal church , because in 1573 he gave speeches against the conditions in monasteries and monasteries and accused Prince Abbot Eberhard vom Stein of squandering the collected alms with fornication . He was also associated with the Count Palatinate and dedicated a book of horse medicinal products written in 1575 to the later Elector Ludwig IV .

After his wife Anna died on October 5, 1576, he asked the Kempten council to inquire whether a new wife would also be entitled to the stately widow's pension. The council offered not to answer the question until one or two years after remarrying, so that it can be assumed that Stab was still married in 1577 to a woman from the Kempten patrician family Gufer.

On August 5, 1577, he signed with the other pastors at St. Mang, Tilian and Wonner, and the Kempten school rector Michael Flach the binding formula for the Protestant rite . In 1579 he signed with Tilian and Flach the preface to the concord book published the following year .

From the years from 1580 onwards, there are no more reports about Stab, as there are no more Kempten council minutes for the period from 1580 up to Stabs death on August 3, 1585. His widow received the widow's salary, and part of his library has been preserved in St. Mang's Church to this day.

All five of Stabs' sons, who have reached the age of 14, have started university studies. Among his sons, the son of the same name Ottmar Stab d. J. the greatest importance. In 1600 he is called Poeta laureatus in Hof and came to Leipzig in 1605 , where he published at least ten printed works until his death after 1610, including the Kometenelegie ( Elegia de Cometa in Arcturo nuper flagrante ... ), which appeared in 1608 contains the appearance of Halley's comet in 1607, and the swan song ( Cygnaea cantio, in qua author carminis ... ) with neo-Latin autobiographical verses , published in 1610 .

literature

Remarks

  1. ↑ Gundolf Keil : 'Twelve Volume Book of Medicine' (Heidelberg, Cod. Pal. Germ. 261–272 and Cpg. 244). In: Encyclopedia of Medical History. Edited by Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil and Wolfgang Wegner, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin and New York 2005 ( ISBN 3-11-015714-4 ), p. 1535
personal data
SURNAME Staff, Ottmar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Reformer von Sinsheim, court preacher and pastor in Kempten
DATE OF BIRTH before 1510
PLACE OF BIRTH unsure: Wiesloch
DATE OF DEATH August 3, 1585
Place of death Kempten