Philippstein
Philippstein
City of Braunfels
Coordinates: 50 ° 29 ′ 34 " N , 8 ° 22 ′ 53" E
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Height : | 201 (201-238) m above sea level NHN |
Area : | 8.4 km² |
Residents : | 1001 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
Population density : | 119 inhabitants / km² |
Incorporation : | July 1, 1974 |
Postal code : | 35619 |
Area code : | 06442 |
Location of Philippstein in Braunfels
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Center around the Evangelical Church
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Philippstein is a district of Braunfels in the Lahn-Dill district in Central Hesse .
geography
Philippstein is located in the northern Taunus , south of the Braunfels core town and directly on the border with the Limburg-Weilburg district . The Möttbach, which comes from the south and rises near Möttau , flows through the village to Braunfels.
history
The origin of the place is the Philippstein Castle , which was built in 1390 by the Landgrave Philip I of Nassau-Weilburg and Saarbrücken on a mountain cone as a border castle to the Solms county . At the same time, Philip I is the namesake for the castle and the resulting settlement.
In 1610 the citizens built a Protestant church and a rectory. During the Thirty Years War , Spanish soldiers occupied the village for ten years. This was followed by the Swedish troops who drove the Spaniards out.
The Wilhelmstollen opencast mine (1937) and the Eisenfeld mine (1838) were built around Philippstein with the start of industrialization . Seven more iron ore mines were built in the following decades. Philippstein became a mining village with up to 400 miners at the top. In 1962 the last two mines were closed. Today a monument commemorates the local mining tradition.
From 1876, the Ernstbahn, a narrow-gauge railway, ran from the Lahnbahnhof to Philippstein. At first it was only used for freight transport to remove ore from the pits. Passenger traffic from Philippstein began on May 1, 1913. Passenger and general cargo traffic was stopped as early as 1930 and the transport of iron ore was also ended in 1962 when the pits were closed. The railway systems were then largely dismantled.
Politically, the independent municipality of Philippstein belonged to the Prussian Oberlahnkreis in the Duchy of Nassau since July 1, 1867 .
Territorial reform
With the unification of the Oberlahnkreis and the Limburg district on July 1, 1974 as part of the regional reform in Hesse , Philippstein, like the nearby Altenkirchen, was incorporated into the city of Braunfels and from then on belonged to the Wetzlar district until it was dissolved and on 1. January 1977 the Lahn-Dill-Kreis was established.
Territorial history and administration
The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Philippstein was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:
- before 1806 Holy Roman Empire, County / Principality of Nassau-Weilburg , Weilburg office
- from 1806: Duchy of Nassau , Weilburg office
- from 1816: German Confederation , Duchy of Nassau, Weilburg office
- from 1849: German Confederation, Duchy of Nassau, Hadamar District Office
- from 1854: German Confederation, Duchy of Nassau, Weilburg office
- from 1867: North German Confederation , Kingdom of Prussia , Province of Hessen-Nassau , Administrative Region of Wiesbaden , Oberlahnkreis
- from 1871: German Empire , Kingdom of Prussia, Province of Hessen-Nassau, administrative district of Wiesbaden, Oberlahnkreis
- from 1918: German Empire, Free State of Prussia , Province of Hessen-Nassau, Administrative Region of Wiesbaden, Oberlahnkreis
- from 1944: German Empire, Free State of Prussia, Nassau Province , Oberlahnkreis
- from 1945: American zone of occupation , Greater Hesse , Wiesbaden district, Oberlahn district
- from 1949: Federal Republic of Germany , State of Hesse , Wiesbaden district, Oberlahnkreis
- from 1968: Federal Republic of Germany, State of Hesse, administrative district Darmstadt , Oberlahnkreis
- on July 1, 1974 Philippstein was incorporated as a district of the city of Braunfels.
- from 1974: Federal Republic of Germany, State of Hesse, Darmstadt administrative district, Wetzlar district
- from 1977: Federal Republic of Germany, State of Hesse, Darmstadt administrative district, Lahn-Dill district
- from 1981: Federal Republic of Germany, State of Hesse, Gießen administrative district , Lahn-Dill district
population
Population development
Philippstein: Population from 1834 to 1970 | ||||
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year | Residents | |||
1834 | 380 | |||
1840 | 416 | |||
1846 | 422 | |||
1852 | 443 | |||
1858 | 488 | |||
1864 | 542 | |||
1871 | 541 | |||
1875 | 538 | |||
1885 | 636 | |||
1895 | 676 | |||
1905 | 564 | |||
1910 | 577 | |||
1925 | 627 | |||
1939 | 601 | |||
1946 | 804 | |||
1950 | 828 | |||
1956 | 843 | |||
1961 | 854 | |||
1967 | 854 | |||
1970 | 854 | |||
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968. Other sources: |
Religious affiliation
Source: Historical local dictionary
• 1885: | 612 Protestant, 10 Catholic residents |
• 1961: | 720 Protestant, 131 Roman Catholic residents |
politics
There is a local advisory board with a local mayor for Philippstein . The local advisory council consists of five members, three of which are from the CDU and two from the SPD since the local elections in Hesse in 2016 .
Worth seeing
Philippstein is on the German half-timbered road .
Protestant church
The local evangelical church is a new building built between 1913 and 1914 by the architect Ludwig Hofmann from Herborn . It is one of the typical “Hofmann churches” with influence from the homeland security movement . At the site of today's church there was already a baroque predecessor building, from which Hofmann took over some features, such as the one-sided hipped roof with ridge turret. The baroque pulpit probably also comes from the previous church. The glass window, which was made around 1914, was made by Ferdinand Müller from Quedlinburg .
Jewish Cemetery
There is a small Jewish cemetery on the western outskirts of Philippstein . It was used exclusively by the Jewish citizens of Philippstein from 1850 to 1927. Today the small cemetery is surrounded by hedges and closed with a gate.
traffic
The federal highway 456 , which can be reached via the L 3451, runs about 4 kilometers southwest of the village . The K 428 leads through the village to Bermbach and the K 379 , which comes from Braunfels, runs to Altenkirchen .
Web links
- Philippstein district on the website of the city of Braunfels.
- Philippstein. Castle and village history, info. In: www.burg-philippstein.de. Castle and Heimatverein Philippstein e. V.
- Philippstein, Lahn-Dill district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- Literature on Philippstein in the Hessian Bibliography
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Statistical data Philippstein. In: Internet presence. City of Braunfels, accessed May 8, 2020 .
- ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Limburg district and the Oberlahn district. (GVBl. II 330-25) of March 12, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 5 , p. 101 , § 14 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 809 kB ]).
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 380 .
- ↑ a b c Philippstein, Lahn-Dill district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of March 23, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Local advisory board Philippstein on the website of the city of Braunfels, accessed in February 2017.
- ^ Evangelical Church Philippstein at the State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse , accessed on February 13, 2009
- ^ Jewish cemetery Philippstein at the State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse , accessed on February 13, 2009