Potschep

city Potschep Почеп coat of arms Federal district Central Russia Oblast Bryansk Rajon Potschep First mention 1447 City since 1919 surface 20  km² population 17,161 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 858 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 150  m Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 48345 Post Code 243400 License Plate 32 OKATO 15 244 501 Geographical location Coordinates 52 ° 56 '  N , 33 ° 27'  E Coordinates: 52 ° 56 '0 "  N , 33 ° 27' 0"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Bryansk Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Potschep ( Russian Почеп ) is a city in the Brjansk Oblast ( Russia ) with 17,161 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

geography

The city is located in the Desna lowlands about 80 km southwest of the Oblast capital Brjansk on the Southeast , a right tributary of the Desna, which flows into the Dnepr .

Potschep is the administrative center of the Rajons of the same name .

history

Potschep was first mentioned in a document in 1447, and in 1503 for the first time as a "city".

During the time of turmoil there was bitter fighting between Russian and Polish-Lithuanian troops near Potschep in 1610 . In 1618 the place fell to Poland-Lithuania, with the Eternal Peace of 1686, however, finally to Russia.

During the Great Northern War , Pochep was fortified again on the orders of Peter the Great from 1708 to 1709 and served as a base for the Russian army.

As a result, Potschep was an important regional handicraft and trade center with four annual fairs, the most important of which was the Elias market, which was held from 1665 . Nevertheless, the place was considered a village settlement, which, along with the surrounding lands, belonged to various families of the great nobility (Menshikov, Rasumovsky, Kleinmichel) in the course of the 18th and 19th centuries.

It was not until 1919 that town charter was granted.

During the Second World War , Potschep was occupied by the German Wehrmacht on August 22, 1941 and recaptured on September 21, 1943 by troops of the Brjansk Front of the Red Army .

Outside Potschep, around 7,500 t of the nerve agents Vx, Sarin and Soman are stored in over 67,000 aerial bombs, which are destroyed by specially constructed facilities within the framework of compliance with the requirements of the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWÜ) of 1997.

Population development

year	Residents
1897	8,300
1926	13,500
1939	15,558
1959	15,700
1970	15,995
1979	15,933
1989	16,868
2002	17,064
2010	17.161

Note: Census data (1897–1926 rounded)

Culture and sights

Resurrection Cathedral

In Pochep, the Resurrection Cathedral ( Воскресенский собор / Voskressenski sobor) from the 1760s (architect Antonio Rinaldi ) and the Elias Church ( Ильинская церковь / Ilyinskaja zerkow) from the beginning of the 19th century have been preserved.

The city has a local museum.

The former country residence of the poet and writer Alexei Konstantinovich Tolstoy (1817–1875), which is now a museum, is located in the village of Krasny Rog in the Pochep district, 25 kilometers away . There you will also find the burial chapel of Tolstoy and his wife, as well as the wooden Assumption Church ( Успенская церковь / Uspenskaja zerkow) from the beginning of the 19th century.

Economy and Infrastructure

In Potschep there are companies in the food, textile and wood processing industries.

In terms of quantity, the city is home to the largest of the seven chemical weapons depots in the Russian Federation. About 7,500 tons of VX , Sarin and Soman are stored here. On April 10, 2008, the foundation stone for a chemical weapons destruction facility was laid. The Federal Foreign Office, which was already involved in two other chemical weapons destruction facilities in Russia in Gorny (2002) and Kambarka (2006), is also involved here with 140 million euros for the construction of a company building for the incineration of residues from chemical weapons destruction.

The city is located on the railway line Bryansk - Homel - Brest ( Belarus ), which was opened continuously in 1887 , a line of the then Polessye Railways (route km 84).

The trunk road M13 Brjansk – Belarusian border and also further via Homel towards Brest leads south past Potschep.

Personalities

Matwei Blanter's birthplace in Potschep

• Pawel Axelrod (1850-1928), socialist
• Matwei Blanter (1903–1990), composer ( "Katjuscha" ), born in Potschep
• Josef Chaim Brenner (1881–1921), Hebrew writer, spent his youth in Potschep
• Uri Nissan Gnessin (1879–1913), Hebrew writer, spent childhood and youth in Potschep
• Schmuel Persow (1890–1950), Yiddish writer, member of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee , born in Potschep.
• Alexei Schemchuschnikow (1821–1908), poet, born in Potschep

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)

Web links

Commons : Potschep  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Potschep on mojgorod.ru (Russian)