Preussnitz

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Preussnitz is a village in the Kuhlowitz part of the district town of Bad Belzig in the Brandenburg district of Potsdam-Mittelmark . Together with Kuhlowitz, Preussnitz has around 270 inhabitants on an area of ​​13 square kilometers (September 2005). From July 1, 1950, Preußnitz belonged to the Kuhlowitz community, which was incorporated into Bad Belzig on December 31, 2002.

Farmhouse in Preussnitz

General data and natural space

Location and transport links

Preussnitz is located in Belziger Vorfläming around five hundred meters south of Kuhlowitz and three kilometers southeast of Bad Belzig. The federal highway 102 , which is part of the Deutsche Alleenstraße between Bad Belzig and Brandenburg an der Havel , passes the village . Immediately at the northern end of the village, a new section of the main road begins, which bypasses Bad Belzig to the east and joins the old route towards Lütte shortly before Schwanebeck .

Decommissioned Brandenburg city railway , in the background the foothills of the hype "Steile Kieten"
One of the source brooks of the Baitzer Bach
Hype “Steile Kieten”, periglacial dry valley

The single-track route of the Brandenburg city railway , which has been closed since 2003, runs parallel to the main road near Preussnitz , but it did not stop in Preussnitz. In addition to Belzig, the urban railway had a train station in the southeastern neighboring village of Dahnsdorf, which is around four kilometers away and, like the neighboring villages of Mörz in the east and Kranepuhl in the south, belongs to the municipality of Planetal . At the local entrance to the main road, the church square with the cemetery and an old linden tree defines the image of the village.

Headwaters of the Baitzer Bach

The place belongs to the nature park Hoher Fläming and is located in a flat undulating hilly landscape with fields and smaller forest sections. The meadows and pastures in the direction of Kuhlowitz are partly marshy, swampy, because the headwaters of the Baitz brook , which was a swampy depression in the Middle Ages, lies on the Prussian district . A small muddy and inaccessible lake on the western edge of the Lappenberg still bears witness to this time. The source arms of the brook arise north and south-east of the 86-meter-high Lappenberg and unite at Kuhlowitz to form the natural Baitzer Bach, which flows over Lüsse and Baitz near the Belziger landscape meadows into the Baruther glacial valley and after around 16 kilometers flows into the Belziger / Fredersdorfer Bach , which in turn feeds its water over the Plane and Havel to the Elbe .

Fair and nesting aid

West of the railway line in the direction of Bad Belzig is a so-called hype , one of the periglacial dry valleys typical of Fleming . The hype Steile Kieten ends shortly before Preussnitz and can be reached quickly on a well signposted footpath. The path leads through part of the notched valley and then on through a hilly landscape rich in grains to the Belziger train station and to Eisenhardt Castle . The Brandenburg term Kiete (also Kute, Küte ) means deepening, pit .

Former transformer house, used as a nesting aid for wall breeders, bats, ...

On the road to Kuhlowitz in Preussnitz, you can see a striking transformer house with a central red roof and a gable roof . Since the old transformer houses from around 1900 are gradually being replaced by modern systems, the Fläming Nature Park Association, in cooperation with the nature park administration and the energy companies, receives the historic brick towers as nesting aids for rare and endangered building breeders. Niche and cave breeders such as barn owl ( Tyto alba ) (around 300 to 600 specimens in Brandenburg in 1997), little owl ( Athene noctua ) or kestrel ( Falco tinnunculus ) as well as various bat species like to use the towers as well as barns, roof trusses and church towers to raise their young . For the bats, the conservationists installed additional and specially adapted wooden nesting and resting boxes under the roof , which, for example, the great mouse- eared mouse ( Myotis myotis ) likes to use as a nursery.

Name, history, economy

Location of the grindstones

Although Preussnitz, like the entire Belzig area, passed to Prussia after the Congress of Vienna in 1815 after centuries of membership in the Saxon spa district , the name Preussnitz has no reference to the term Prussia . Reinhard E. Fischer derives the name first documented as Bruzniz in 1285 from the Polish Brus-nic = place where there are smooth, polished stones ( Brus = whetstone ). This mention of the place in 1285 was made indirectly by a Belziger document listing a Reyneco de Bruzniz . The first recorded mention of direct local with villa Brutzenitz dates back to 1361. From the year 1455 we find the name Brusnicz from 1540 Breutznitz and already in 1550 the place is as Preusnitz recorded. According to Fischer, the initial p in the official form of the name goes back to Saxon law firms and is still spoken today in dialect with the initial b .

Hooves and agriculture

Farmhouse
Church square with linden tree

The inventory of church visitations in the course of the Reformation record 18 and 1591 21 village hooves in 1565 , plus 15 ½ hooves each from the deserted Mehlsdorfer Feldmark and 4 hooves from the desert Seaoche. In 1550, 1591 and 1821 the pastor owned one hoof, while the church had two acres of meadow in the 16th century and four acres in 1822 . Until 1550/1552 the jurisdiction lay with the Vogtei Belzig and until 1872 with the office Belzig-Rabenstein.

Up to the present day agriculture and animal husbandry determine the village economy, the forestry also has a noteworthy extent . While in the Belziger villages on the edge of Belziger countryside meadows and in the High Fläming the tourism traditional agricultural increasingly supplemented orientation, tourism plays a very small role in Preußnitz.

Field stone church

The agricultural village has a towerless medieval stone church with a retracted choir and apse from the first half of the 13th century, which has a remarkably flawless ashlar stone in the choir area in particular. Due to a lack of financial resources, the congregation could not renew the dilapidated church tower and replaced it after it was demolished (1962) by a free-standing, roofed bell stand next to the church.

swell

Footnotes

  1. ^ Reinhard E. Fischer , Jürgen Neuendorf, Joachim Reso, Around Belzig. Place and field names, boulders and trees, streams and ponds. Publisher: Förderkreis Museum Burg Eisenhardt Belzig eV, Book 4 on the history of the city . No information on publisher, year or ISBN. The foreword is from 1997. On the term Kiete p. 58.
  2. ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer, Jürgen Neuendorf, ..., p. 31f, quotation p. 32.
  3. ↑ Theo Engeser and Konstanze Stehr, Ev. Preussnitz village church online

literature

Web links

Commons : Preußnitz  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 52 ° 8 '  N , 12 ° 38'  E