Project 254

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Project 254
Project 254 ORP Dzik
Project 254 ORP Dzik
Ship data
country Soviet UnionSoviet Union (naval war flag) Soviet Union
Ship type Anti-mine vehicle
Shipyard Shipyard 363 in Pontonny
Shipyard 532 in Kerch
Construction period 1947 to 1961
Units built 183
period of service 1948 to 1990s
Ship dimensions and crew
length
58 m ( Lüa )
width 8.52 m
Draft Max. 2.25 m
displacement 569 t
 
crew 65
Machine system
machine 2 × 9D marine diesel
Machine
performance 		2 × 1100 PS (809) kW
Top
speed 		14 kn (26 km / h)
propeller 2
Armament
Sensors

Project 254 was a class of large mine clearance ships of the Soviet Navy , which were developed for offshore missions shortly after World War II and of which more than 180 ships were built in various designs during the Cold War .

description

In the first twenty years after World War II, the demining fleet was mainly occupied with cleaning up debris from the war, and in 1945 planned to build up to 400 Project 254 and Project 264 ships over the next 10 years . Project 254 was to be used as an ocean-going anti-mine vehicle and outpost boat. The ships were designed for mass production and no precautions to reduce noise, as found in later minesweepers, were made in Project 254. The ships had a steel hull and a self-protection system was provided to reduce their own magnetic field .

The armament of Project 254 consisted of two open V-11 turrets, each with two 37 mm L / 67 automatic cannons. Next four twin machine guns 12.7 mm L / 79- were 2M-1 provided, and each ship has depth charges and naval mines bring used.

variants

  • Project 254 from 1947/1948. Some ships were later upgraded to radar outpost boats. From 1955 Project 256 and Project 256M Lin Radar, from 1957 Project 258 with sensors MR-200 or MR-500, ESM System and Lin Radar.
  • Project 254K , built from 1952: Lin and Rym-K radars and Tamir-10 sonar, 9DM diesel. Attachment for two 12.7 mm L / 79 twin machine guns in front of the bridge.
  • Project 254M , built from 1955: like 254K but with Tamir-11 sonar and 30 tons more water displacement
  • Project 254MA , built from 1957: like 254M but as coast guard boats without demining equipment
  • Project 254A , built from 1957: Shielding against NBC weapons by means of an overpressure system in the fuselage and two closed 45 mm L / 89 SM-21 towers as a replacement for the open 37 mm L / 67 V-11 towers.
  • Project 254V - two ships as test vehicles for radar outpost boats with an improved radar system

Whereabouts

183 ships of Project 254 were built and used by the Soviet Union or friendly states. The largest fleet of Project 254 ships outside the Soviet Union was operated by Poland , where 12 Project 254K ships were in service. All ships have since been decommissioned, four have been sunk in various conflicts:

  • An Egyptian Project 254 ship was sunk by Israeli fighter planes in the Red Sea during the War of Attrition in February 1970 .
  • One of two Syrian ships was sunk by guided missiles by Israeli ships at the beginning of the 1973 Yom Kippur War .
  • Both ships that Iraq received were destroyed in the Second Gulf War in January 1991 by coalition air forces.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Ю.В.Апальков: Корабли ВМФ СССР. Том IV - Десантные и минно-тральные корабли. Saint Petersburg, 2007, ISBN 978-5-8172-0135-2 , pp. 5 and following
  2. ↑ a b Mikhail Monakov, Jürgen Rohwer: Stalin's Ocean-going Fleet: Soviet Naval Strategy and Shipbuilding Programs, 1935-53 , Taylor & Francis, 2001, ISBN 978-0714644486
  3. ↑ a b Project 254 at Navypedia.org
  4. ↑ a b c d Project 254 at russianships.info