Reichstädt (Dippoldiswalde)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Reichstädt
Large district town of Dippoldiswalde
Coordinates: 50 ° 52 ′ 58 ″  N , 13 ° 38 ′ 24 ″  E
Height : 379  (370-550)  m
Residents : 1353  (2017)
Incorporation : July 1, 1995
Postal code : 01744
Area code : 03504
Reichstädt (Saxony)
Reichstädt

Location of Reichstädt in Saxony

Reichstädt is a district of the Saxon large district town Dippoldiswalde in the district of Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains .

geography

location

Reichstädt is one of the longest villages in Saxony, it measures more than seven kilometers in length. The place runs in the valley of the Reichstädter Bach, which drains to the Rote Weißeritz to the northeast. The highest point of the place is the old signpost in Oberreichstädt at 550 meters above sea level . In terms of its type of settlement, Reichstädt is a large forest hoof village . Reichstädt is accessed from State Road 187 .

former Kahlehöhenkirche 1866

Neighboring places

Ruppendorf Paulsdorf Dippoldiswalde
Beerwalde Neighboring communities Ulberndorf , Obercarsdorf
Hartmannsdorf Hennersdorf Sadisdorf

history

Reichstädt Castle
Reichstädt village church
View of the Reichstädter Hofmühle. The name proves that the mill belonged to the Reichstädt manor until 1766. Milling ended here during the First World War .

Reichstädt was first mentioned in a document as Richenstad in 1319 , in a letter from Pope Johannes XXII. to the abbot of the Ossegg monastery . In this letter the pastor there is mentioned with Nicolaus de Henkendorf plebanus ecclesie in Richenstad . Reichstädt was initially subordinate to Freiberg Castle, later to the local office . From 1569 it was administered from Dippoldiswalde.

The history of Reichstädts was significantly influenced by the Reichstädt manor with a manor and a large sheep farm. The castle from 1535 is the successor to a fortified complex from 1335 and was rebuilt in the baroque style in the 18th century. So there was the manorial rule over the Reichstädter Flur at the manor house that later developed into a manor and castle. In 1875 a Lower and an Upper Reich city are on record.

Reichstädt originally had two churches. The older mother church of Reichstädts was a medieval church of the Fourteen Helpers in need, which was demolished in 1872 and is located in the upper village. Today the chapel on the Kahlen Höhe exists in its place . Since around 1500, Reichstädt's Niederdorf has its own parish church, the Niederkirche. The place has its own primary school.

The Reichstädt Castle , from 1717 to 1945 and again since 1998 in the possession of those of Schoenberg . The castle was expropriated during the land reform in Germany in 1945/46 and used as a cultural center, kindergarten, and most recently as a district pioneer house and for apartments.

On July 1, 1995, Reichstädt was incorporated into Dippoldiswalde.

Development of the population

Development of the population of Reichstadt:

year Residents
1552 104 possessed men , 112 residents
1569 66 possessed men, 39 cottagers , 17 gardeners
1764 52 possessed men, 12 gardeners, 41 cottagers
1834 1092
1871 1095
1890 1248
1910 1238
1925 1263
1939 1190
1946 1644
1950 1673
year Residents
1964 1400
1990 1430
2006 1406
2007 1375
2008 1368
2009 1357
2010 1357
2011 1340
2012 1334
2013 1321
2014 1306

Place name forms

The name of the place Reichstädt changed historically as follows:

  • 1319: Richenstat
  • 1378: Richenstat
  • 1445/47: Richstat, Richstad
  • 1460: Reichstat
  • 1548: Reychstedt
  • 1791: Reichstädt

Mills

The Turmholländermühle

Reichstädt is known for the smallest and highest windmill in Saxony, a conical tower Dutch windmill . The mill body, made of rubble stones, has a diameter of approx. 4 meters, the mill itself measures 7.50 meters to the top of the shingle roof. It was built in 1850 as a "farmer's windmill" for personal use and was in operation until 1883. The later dilapidated mill was restored in 1950/60 and has been renewed several times since then.

In addition, there used to be several water mills on the Reichstädter Bach, such as the Schurig or Trumplermühle, the Hofmühle (also Ehrlichmühle) and the Buschmühle.

Personalities

Memorial stone from 1996 for Rudolf Sigismund Blochmann on the house where he was born

literature

  • Arthur Klengel: The Church of the Fourteen Helpers in Need on the Kahler Höhe near Reichstädt. In: Landesverein Sächsischer Heimatschutz , Mitteilungen , Volume XI / 1922, Issue 4–6, p. 101 ff.
  • Richard Steche : Reichstädt. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 2. Issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Dippoldiswalde . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1883, p. 70.
  • Ulrich Schulte am Hülse: Churches in Reichstädt - Contributions to the medieval and modern history of Reichstadt in the Eastern Ore Mountains. Berlin / Dippoldiswalde 2011.

Web links

Commons : Reichstädt (Saxony)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Population figures for Dippoldiswalde and districts on dippoldiswalde.de
  2. ↑ printed in: Ulrich Schulte am Hülse: Churches in Reichstädt - Contributions to the medieval and modern history of Reichstadt in the Eastern Ore Mountains. Berlin / Dippoldiswalde 2011, pp. 72–75
  3. ^ Website of the Reichstädt parish
  4. ↑ Changes in the municipalities of Germany, see 1995 StBA
  5. ↑ a b Reichstädt in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  6. ↑ Website of the German Society for Milling Customers , accessed on June 1, 2015