Schönfeld (Dippoldiswalde)

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Schönfeld
Large district town of Dippoldiswalde
Coordinates: 50 ° 47 ′ 3 "  N , 13 ° 38 ′ 38"  E
Height : 631  (570-710)  m
Residents : 237  (2017)
Incorporation : January 1, 1996
Incorporated into: Schmiedeberg
Postal code : 01744
Area code : 035052
Schönfeld (Saxony)
Schönfeld

Location of Schönfeld in Saxony

Schönfeld is a district of the Saxon large district town Dippoldiswalde in the district of Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains .

geography

Schönfeld on a map by Hermann Oberreit (1821)
Main street Schönfeld with a view of the village church
Schönfeld local fire brigade (Am Dorfplatz 54)

Schönfeld is located about seven kilometers south of Schmiedeberg in the Eastern Ore Mountains . The Wilde Weißeritz flows west of Schönfeld towards Dresden . Before that, it is dammed up by the Lehnmühle dam.

Neighboring places

Ammelsdorf Kipsdorf
Neighboring communities Bear Rock
Hermsdorf / Erzgeb. Seyde Schellerhau

history

The Waldhufendorf Schönfeld with the later district of Oberpöbel were in 1336 in the "Districtus Frauenstein ". The manorial rule was exercised by the manor Frauenstein. Around 1647 Schönfeld belonged to the Frauenstein office. From 1856 to 1875 Schönfeld belonged to the Frauenstein court office and later to the Dippoldiswalde administration . In 1842 the area of ​​the district was 626 hectares . In 1925 the population of Schönfeld was divided into 425 Evangelical Lutheran residents and three Catholics . In 1952 Schönfeld became part of the Dippoldiswalde district as an independent municipality, which became part of the Weißeritz district in 1994 . In 1996 it was incorporated into Schmiedeberg. In August 2008, Schönfeld became part of the Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains district, which was formed from the Saxon Switzerland and Weißeritz districts . Schönfeld has been part of Dippoldiswalde since January 1, 2014, as Schmiedeberg was incorporated there.

Mining

In Schönfeld there is a small coal deposit that was formed in the Pennsylvania about 310 million years ago. The coalification was not based on native plants of the forest moors, but from plant residues that were washed in from the area. A total of four seams (" Walther camp ", " main seam ", " Jacober seam ", " Roman camp ") with a thickness of up to 2 meters were created. However, the thickness fluctuates very strongly, sometimes it was only a few centimeters. In addition, the seams also contained impurities such. B. in the form of shale and coal horn stones, so that the quality of Schönfeld coal was comparatively low. Good batches of coal had a calorific value of approx. 29.3  MJ / kg (7,000  kcal ).

Mining probably started on a small scale in 1761, but was not carried out continuously due to the poor quality. The mining was repeatedly dormant for several years. The Schönfeld hard coal v. a. in house firing and for lime processing in the Hermsdorf lime works . The deposit was developed through a total of seven shafts (the main shaft was the 50 meter deep “ New Shaft ”) and two drainage tunnels, of which the “ Deep Help of God Tunnels ” below the church reached a length of approximately 800 meters.

The mining output remained modest overall. In the last years of operation, the anthracite plant " Glückauf " produced approx. 141 tons of coal per year between 1921 and 1937. In total, only about 10,000 tons of coal are said to have been extracted from the deposit by the time it was closed in 1937.

Development of the population

Development of the population of Schönfeld:

year Residents
1551 18 possessed men , 50 residents
1764 19 possessed men, 21 cottagers
1834 380
1871 418
1890 450
1910 391
1925 435
1939 420
1946 602
1950 567
1964 405
year Residents
1990 345
2006 231
2007 234
2008 234
2009 231
2010 238
2011 231
2012 235
2013 237
2014 232
2015 249

traffic

It was planned to build a train station in Schönfeld. The Pöbeltalbahn was never realized.

literature

  • Richard Steche : Schönfeld. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 2. Issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Dippoldiswalde . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1883, p. 78.
  • Gerald Urban: Coal from Schönfeld in the Eastern Ore Mountains. in: Erzgebirgische Heimatblätter 3/2006, pp. 26–29

Web links

Commons : Schönfeld  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Population figures for Dippoldiswalde and districts on dippoldiswalde.de
  2. ↑ a b Schönfeld in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony