Ringstrasse (Wiesbaden)
| 1st ring Gustav-Stresemann-Ring
Kaiser-Friedrich-Ring Bismarckring |
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| Kaiser-Friedrich-Ring at the level of Schenkendorfstrasse |
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| Basic data | |||
| place | Wiesbaden | ||
| District | Southeast , center , Rheingauviertel , Westend | ||
| Connecting roads | Sedanplatz (north end) Berliner Strasse / New-York-Strasse / Frankfurter Strasse (southwest end) |
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| Buildings | Brita-Arena , Federal Statistical Office , Central Station , State House , Ringkirche | ||
| use | |||
| User groups | Pedestrian traffic , bicycle traffic , car traffic , public transport | ||
| Technical specifications | |||
| Street length | 2,900 m | ||
The Ringstrasse in Wiesbaden was laid out in the years 1890 to 1900 as part of extensive city extensions. Today it is part of the 1st (city) ring and has a length of approx. 1,950 m between the main station and Sedanplatz ; with the Gustav-Stresemann-Ring it is about 3 km.
It is lined with residential buildings that remained largely undamaged during the Second World War and which today represent a unique urban ensemble with their richly decorated facades in the style of historicism . In addition to the Kurhaus , the State Theater and the Marktkirche , it is above all the Ringstrasse and its neighboring residential areas that establish Wiesbaden's reputation as a prime example of historicism .
History and urban development context
When in the second half of the 19th century the population of what was then the "world spa town of Wiesbaden" rose sharply - there was almost a tenfold increase from around 11,650 in 1840 to around 109,000 in 1910 (see also population development in Wiesbaden ) - were extensive City expansion necessary. New residential areas emerged such as the Feldherren , Rheingau and Dichterviertel with mostly four-story spacious town houses. The Ringstrasse was the lifeline of these new districts. It runs from the main station, built between 1904 and 1906, first in a quarter arc to the northwest around the historic pentagon and then further north to Sedanplatz .
The Ringstrasse consists of two parts: the Kaiser-Friedrich-Ring (named after Kaiser Friedrich III. ) And the Bismarckring (named after Chancellor Prince Otto von Bismarck ).
The Kaiser-Friedrich-Ring describes an exact quarter-circle arc with a radius of approx. 700 m. The corner of Luisenplatz and Rheinstraße forms the center of this arc . The southern starting point of the quarter arch is therefore Adolfsallee , which runs in a north-south direction, and the western end point of the arch is Rheinstrasse, which runs in an east-west direction . The Ringkirche is located at the intersection of Rheinstrasse and Kaiser-Friedrich-Ring . The Kaiser-Friedrich-Ring continues in a straight line for approx. 100 m to Dotzheimer Straße. The Kaiser-Friedrich-Ring forms the border between the Mitte district and the Rheingauviertel and Southeast districts . The median is mostly planted with three rows of plane trees. Missing trees have only been partially replaced in recent years.
The Bismarckring begins on Dotzheimer Straße and runs straight north to Sedanplatz . It separates the Westend district from the western Feldherrenviertel from the older Inner Westend. The Bismarckring has a length of approx. 600 m. In the middle of the street there is a footpath with rows of plane trees on both sides. The western side has had a continuous bus lane since 2019, which is open to cyclists. A cycle lane is marked on the east side.
A complete enclosure of the city was never planned, which would not have been possible because of Wiesbaden's location on the southern slope of the Taunus. Nevertheless, analogous to projects in other cities, the urban planning term “ring road” was also used.
The ring road project was presented by city architect Alexander Fach as early as 1871 as a solution for the emerging rapid development of building activity. It was modeled on other cities such as Vienna , Cologne , Dusseldorf and Dortmund , where one after the demolition was realized ring roads of the fortifications. Fach's plan was initially implemented with the western part of the ring around 1900. His plans, however, envisaged completing the Ringstrasse on the eastern side up to Bierstadter Strasse , so that the Wiesbaden city center would have been enclosed by a symmetrical avenue in the form of a "U". The main station would have been in the middle of this street. The economic situation and the outbreak of the First World War prevented the execution. In the course of Lessingstrasse , which was laid out in an arched shape up to 1900, beyond Frankfurter Strasse to Langenbeckplatz , the forward planning for the eastern section of the ring can be seen. It was intended as a counterpart to the diagonal Herderstrasse within the circular arch on the already built western side.
Until the First World War, the straight line continuation ( Kaiser-Wilhelm-Ring ) led beyond Kaiserplatz (today Bahnhofsplatz ) to Mainzer Straße and was only extended to Frankfurter Straße in 1937 . Since 1950 this section has been called Gustav-Stresemann-Ring . In the following year, the ring was realized as a Moltkering , giving up the old geometrical idea, which is suitable for cars up to Bierstadter Straße .
topography
The lowest point of the Ringstrasse is the main station , the highest is the Ringkirche . The Kaiser-Friedrich-Ring has a slightly flatter slope from the main station to the Ringkirche . From there, the Bismarckring drops down to the corner of Bleichstrasse / Blücherstrasse , before rising again to Sedanplatz .
Appearance
The ring road has a continuous width of approx. 35 to 40 m with a wide central strip, which is made up of 3 or 4 rows of plane trees . In the Kaiser-Friedrich-Ring area there is a narrow front garden strip on the south-western outside of the street.
The buildings on Ringstrasse are almost without exception four-story town houses with magnificent facades in the style of historicism. The variety and richness of detail in the bay windows , balconies, columns and other stucco elements are remarkable . The tower and dome-crowned corner buildings , based on the Viennese and Berlin models, are particularly eye- catching.
Around 2012 there was a discussion in the city about the listed house at number 44, which was badly run down as a result of fraudulent transactions.
building
There are only a few public buildings on the Ringstrasse . In addition to the main train station in the south and the Ringkirche on the corner of Rheinstraße , these are the state house on the corner of Moritzstraße , which today houses the Hessian Ministry of Economics, Transport and Regional Development. To the south of Gutenbergplatz are the Luther Church and the Gutenberg School .
The residential buildings of the Kaiser-Friedrich-Ring in particular show the diversity of styles of historicism. Examples of neo-Gothic are houses nos. 28 and 52, the most frequently represented neo-renaissance can be seen, for example, in houses nos. 24, 48, 50, 52 and 57, and buildings nos. 60 and 76 represent the neo-baroque style on, such as B. in No. 66, or elements of Art Nouveau are used (No. 53). All three styles of classical antiquity are often used: there are often balcony porches that are supported on top of each other by Doric , Ionic and Corinthian columns (e.g. houses No. 17, 23, 49). The wealth of details in cornices , columns, statues, figures, etc. allows you to discover something new again and again. In contrast to the later Kaiser-Friedrich-Ring, the houses on the Bismarckring are less sumptuously furnished. Almost all the buildings there house shops.
Traffic importance
The ring road is part of the B 54 and has three lanes in each direction of the main urban distribution road. It is the first, ie inner one of two city rings that lead the traffic around Wiesbaden city center. They also serve as a distributor or connection between the north-western arterial roads to Taunusstein ( B 54 ) and Limburg an der Lahn ( B 417 ) and the southern to BAB 643 to Mainz , to Biebricher Allee to Biebrich , to BAB 671 towards Hochheim am Main or . Darmstadt and B455 direction Mainz-Kastel . The left turn from Bahnhofstrasse onto Gustav-Stresemann-Ring is done by a traffic route called Michigan Left , where you first turn right and then make a 180 ° turn. This traffic management is less prone to accidents and, thanks to the fact that there is no traffic light phase, it ensures, in particular, that traffic is smoother.
See also
Bismarckring and Sedanplatz:
Kaiser-Friedrich-Ring and Bahnhofsplatz
- List of cultural monuments in Wiesbaden-Rheingauviertel
- List of cultural monuments in Wiesbaden-Mitte (southern and western city extensions)
- List of cultural monuments in Wiesbaden-Südost
literature
- Baedeker Wiesbaden Rheingau , Karl Baedeker GmbH, Ostfildern-Kemnat, 2001
Individual evidence
- ^ Kaiser-Friedrich-Ring . In: 100 Places of Historicism, website of the city of Wiesbaden.
- ↑ Bismarck Ring . In: 100 Places of Historicism, website of the city of Wiesbaden.
- ↑ Wiesbaden: Schrottimmobilie - A cultural monument decays as a result of fraudulent transactions ( Memento from October 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ). In: Wiesbadener Kurier, January 6, 2012.
Web links
Coordinates: 50 ° 4 ′ 19.7 ″ N , 8 ° 14 ′ 8.1 ″ E