Saint-Germain-en-Laye (Saint-Germain-en-Laye)
| Saint-Germain-en-Laye | ||
|---|---|---|
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| local community | Saint-Germain-en-Laye | |
| region | Île-de-France | |
| Department | Yvelines | |
| Arrondissement | Saint-Germain-en-Laye | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 54 ' N , 2 ° 6' E | |
| Post Code | 78100 | |
| Former INSEE code | 78551 | |
| Incorporation | 1st January 2019 | |
| status | Commune déléguée | |
| Website | www.saintgermainenlaye.fr | |
 Castle of Saint-Germain-en-Laye |
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Saint-Germain-en-Laye [ sɛ ʒɛʁmɛ ɑ lɛ ] is a former French commune in the western catchment area of Paris in the department of Yvelines in the region Ile-de-France . The city had 40,765 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) and extended to 48.27 square kilometers.
The decree of December 20, 2018 established the incorporation of Saint-Germain-en-Laye as Commune déléguée together with the former municipality of Fourqueux into the Commune nouvelle Saint-Germain-en-Laye of the same name with effect from January 1, 2019 .
The place is located on the Forêt Domaniale de Saint-Germain-en-Laye , a large forest area west of Paris, and has a historically grown development.
history
Saint-Germain-en-Laye was founded in 1020 by King Robert II as a convent on the site of the present-day church of Saint-Germain. Before the French Revolution in 1789, Saint-Germain-en-Laye was a royal city and the residence of numerous French monarchs.
The Château de Saint-Germain-en- Laye was from 1364 to 1367 by King Charles V on the remains of an old castle from the time of Louis IX. built. Francis I subsequently restored it. The kings Heinrich IV. And Ludwig XIII. worried about the architecture of the city.
The Sun King Louis XIV made Saint-Germain-en-Laye his main residence from 1661 to 1682; its importance for the history of the city is reflected in the fact that its date of birth, September 5, 1638, is immortalized in the city's coat of arms. He handed the castle over to King James II of England after he had to go into exile from Great Britain. James II lived in the castle for thirteen years and his daughter Marie-Louise Stuart was born here in exile in 1692. James II Stuart is buried in the Church of Saint-Germain. Even after that, the castle was the center of the court of the exiled Stuarts. During the French Revolution, the name of the city was changed - as with so many places suggesting a church or crown connection - Saint-Germain-en-Laye became Montagne-du-Bon-Air.
Under Napoleon Bonaparte the castle called Château vieux was used as a cavalry school, later as a barracks and military prison, until Napoleon III. had the Musée des Antiquités Nationales inaugurated in 1867 - since 2005 the Musée d'Archéologie Nationale - set up. This museum shows the developments from the Paleolithic (Paleolithic) to the Merovingian period .
After the First World War , the Treaty of Saint-Germain was signed in Saint-Germain-en-Laye in 1919 , which sealed the end of the Danube monarchy and regulated the peace provisions for the Austrian half of the empire. During the occupation in World War II from 1940 to 1944, the city was the headquarters of the German army .
Attractions
Saint-Germain-en-Laye is rich in sights that have the status of a monument historique .
| designation | description | Location | Labelling | Protection status | date | image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retz aqueduct |
|
34, rue de la Croix-de-Fer ( location ) |
PA00087603 | Inscrit | 1988 | |
|
Castle Musée d'Archéologie Nationale |
|
( Location ) | PA00087611 | Classé Classé Classé |
1862 1921 1963 |
|
| New lock |
|
19, 21 rue Thiers ( location ) |
PA00087604 | Classé Classé |
1925 1988 |
|
| Castle of Val |
|
( Location ) | PA00087605 | Inscrit Classé |
1991 1993 |
|
| Valmoré Castle |
|
3 rue Quinault ( location ) |
PA78000030 | Inscrit | 2010 | |
| Dames de Saint-Thomas monastery |
|
Rue de la République ( location ) |
PA00087606 | Inscrit | 1937 |
|
| Cross of the Maine |
|
Forêt de Saint-Germain N 184 ( location ) |
PA00087607 | Inscrit | 1926 | |
| Cross Noailles |
|
( Location ) | PA00087608 | Classé | 1942 |
|
| Cross Pucelle |
|
Route de Saint-Joseph ( location ) |
PA00087609 | Inscrit | 1926 | |
| Saint Simon cross |
|
( Location ) | PA00087610 | Inscrit | 1926 |
|
| Saint Germain Church |
|
Place Charles-de-Gaulle ( location ) |
PA00087613 | Inscrit | 1937 |
|
| Grande écurie du Roi |
|
2 place Royale ( location ) |
PA00087612 | Inscrit | 1929 |
|
| Saint-Louis Hospital |
|
4 rue de la Baronne-Gérard ( location ) |
PA78000005 | Inscrit | 1997 |
|
| Hotel de Conti |
|
14 place du Château ( location ) |
PA00087614 | Inscrit | 1947 |
|
| Hotel de Créquy |
|
10, 12 rue de Paris ( location ) |
PA00087615 | Inscrit | 1972 |
|
| Hotel de La Feuillade |
|
24 rue du Vieil-Abreuvoir ( location ) |
PA00087616 | Inscrit | 1937 |
|
| Hotel de Madame de Maintenon |
|
23 rue du Vieil-Abreuvoir ( location ) |
PA00087617 | Inscrit | 1974 |
|
| Hotel de Noailles |
|
10, 11 rue d'Alsace ( location ) |
PA00087618 | Inscrit Inscrit |
1985 1991 |
|
| Hotel de Soubise |
|
16 place du Château ( location ) |
PA00087619 | Inscrit | 1947 |
|
| Hotel de villeroy |
|
18 rue de la Salle ( location ) |
PA00087620 | Inscrit | 1972 |
|
| Residential houses |
|
2, 4, 6, 8 place du Marché-Neuf ( location ) |
PA00087621 | Inscrit | 1944 |
|
| Residential building |
|
16 rue de Poissy ( location ) |
PA78000011 | Inscrit | 1999 |
|
| Maison Claude Debussy |
|
38 rue au Pain ( location ) |
PA00087622 | Inscrit | 1972 |
|
| Manège royal |
|
Place Royale Avenue Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny ( Location ) |
PA00087623 | Classé | 1993 |
|
| Angoulème pavilion |
|
6 rue Giraud-Theulon ( location ) |
PA00087624 | Inscrit | 1988 | |
| Pavilion de la Croix de Noailles |
|
( Location ) | PA00087625 | Inscrit | 1937 |
|
| Pavilion de Polignac |
|
15 rue Alexandre-Dumas 2 rue Giraud-Theulon ( location ) |
PA00087626 | Inscrit | 1974 |
|
| Porte de Chambourcy |
|
( Location ) | PA00087627 | Classé | 1943 |
|
| Porte des Pétrons |
|
( Location ) | PA00087628 | Inscrit | 1933 | |
| Musée départemental Maurice Denis |
|
2bis rue Maurice Denis ( location ) |
PA00087629 | Classé | 1976 |
|
| Gramont district |
|
Rue du Maréchal-Lyautey ( location ) |
PA00087630 | Inscrit | 1929 |
|
culture and education
Saint-Germain-en-Laye is known for its museums ( Musée d'Archélogie Nationale with the Charnay bow brooch , Musée Maurice Denis , Musée Claude Debussy ), its castles ( Château-Vieux , Château d'Hennemont , Château du Val , remains of the Château-Neuf ), its theater ( Théâtre Alexandre Dumas ) and several prestigious educational institutions such as the Lycée International de Saint-Germain-en-Laye , the Lycée Saint-Erembert , the Institut d'études politiques de Saint-Germain-en-Laye , the Institut Notre-Dame and the Lycée Saint Thomas de Villeneuve .
- Musée d'Archélogie Nationale
The Château de Saint-Germain-en- Laye (June 2014)
In the open-air area: Trou aux Anglais gallery grave
In the outdoor area: Allée couverte de Conflans
In the museum: Venus de Brassempouy
hospital
traffic
The Saint-Germain-en-Laye train station is one of several terminus of the RER A , an S-Bahn -like suburban service in the Paris area.
Personalities
Born in the city
- Henry II (1519–1559), King of France
- Charles IX (1550–1574), King of France 1560–1574
- Margaret of Valois (1553–1615), Queen of France and Navarre
- Louis de Buade (1622–1698), Governor of the French colony of New France ( Canada )
- Louis XIV (1638–1715), King of France from 1643 to 1715
- Philip I, Duke of Orléans (1640–1701), brother of Louis XIV.
- Louisa Maria Theresa Stuart (1692-1712)
- Jean Albert Gaudry (1827–1908), geologist and paleontologist
- Salomon Reinach (1858–1932), cultural historian
- Théodore Reinach (1860–1928), historian
- Claude Debussy (1862–1918), composer
- Louis Langlois (1872–1938), military, archaeologist and explorer
- Édouard Nanny (1872–1942), double bass player and composer
- Jehan Alain (1911–1940), organist and composer
- Marie-Claire Alain (1926–2013), organist and music teacher
- Serge Lang (1927–2005), mathematician
- Jacques Fesch (1930–1957), Christian mystic and criminal
- Emmanuel Todd (* 1951), historian, demographer and political author
- Patrick Camus (* 1956), racing car driver
- Serge Lazarevitch (* 1957), musician
- Brigitte Olive-Henriques (* 1971), soccer player and official
- St Germain (* 1973), musician
- Nicolas Bay (* 1977), politician
- Bruno Besson (* 1979), racing car driver
- Amélie Mauresmo (* 1979), tennis player
- Saër Sène (* 1986), football player
- Stuart Dutamby (born 1994), sprinter
Connected to the city
- Anne-Marie Staub (1914–2012), biochemist, died in Saint-Germain-en-Laye
- Guy Lefranc (1919–1994), film director and screenwriter, died in Saint-Germain-en-Laye
- Alfred Grosser (* 1925) grew up in Saint-Germain-en-Laye in the 1930s, where his father wanted to set up a children's clinic
- Didier Bourdon (* 1959), actor, screenwriter and film director, lives in Saint-Germain-en-Laye
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ RECUEIL DES ACTES ADMINISTRATIFS SPÉCIAL N ° 78-2018-188 ( fr , PDF) Yvelines department. Pp. 3-7. December 20, 2018. Retrieved January 3, 2019.
- ↑ structurae.de Status: August 24, 2007
- ↑ The period from 450 BC The area of the museum, which is well worth seeing, has been inaccessible for years, until the Roman conquest. [Status: Spring 2008].
- ↑ A. Grosser: Le Mensch. The ethics of identities. Bonn 2017. p. 9.