Samus culture
| Prehistoric cultures of Russia | |
| Mesolithic | |
| Kunda culture | 7400-6000 BC Chr. |
| Neolithic | |
| Bug Dniester culture | 6500-5000 BC Chr. |
| Dnepr-Don culture | 5000-4000 BC Chr. |
| Sredny Stog culture | 4500-3500 BC Chr. |
| Ekaterininka culture | 4300-3700 BC Chr. |
| Fatyanovo culture | around 2500 BC Chr. |
| Copper Age | |
| North Caspian culture | |
| Spa culture | 5000-3000 BC Chr. |
| Samara culture | around 5000 BC Chr. |
| Chwalynsk culture | 5000-4500 BC Chr. |
| Botai culture | 3700-3100 BC Chr. |
| Yamnaya culture | 3600-2300 BC Chr. |
| Afanassjewo culture | 3500-2500 BC Chr. |
| Usatovo culture | 3300-3200 BC Chr. |
| Glaskovo culture | 3200-2400 BC Chr. |
| Bronze age | |
| Poltavka culture | 2700-2100 BC Chr. |
| Potapovka culture | 2500-2000 BC Chr. |
| Catacomb tomb culture | 2500-2000 BC Chr. |
| Abashevo culture | 2500-1800 BC Chr. |
| Sintashta culture | 2100-1800 BC Chr. |
| Okunew culture | around 2000 BC Chr. |
| Samus culture | around 2000 BC Chr. |
| Andronovo culture | 2000-1200 BC Chr. |
| Susgun culture | around 1700 BC Chr. |
| Srubna culture | 1600-1200 BC Chr. |
| Colchis culture | 1700-600 BC Chr. |
| Begasy Dandybai culture | around 1300 BC Chr. |
| Karassuk culture | around 1200 BC Chr. |
| Ust-mil culture | around 1200–500 BC Chr. |
| Koban culture | 1200-400 BC Chr. |
| Irmen culture | 1200-400 BC Chr. |
| Late corporate culture | around 1000 BC Chr. |
| Plate burial culture | around 1300–300 BC Chr. |
| Aldy Bel culture | 900-700 BC Chr. |
| Iron age | |
| Baitowo culture | |
| Tagar culture | 900-300 BC Chr. |
| Nosilowo group | 900-600 BC Chr. |
| Ananino culture | 800-300 BC Chr. |
| Tasmola culture | 700-300 BC Chr. |
| Gorokhovo culture | 600-200 BC Chr. |
| Sagly bashi culture | 500-300 BC Chr. |
| Jessik Beschsatyr culture | 500-300 BC Chr. |
| Pazyryk level | 500-300 BC Chr. |
| Sargat culture | 500 BC Chr. – 400 AD |
| Kulaika culture | 400 BC Chr. – 400 AD |
| Tes level | 300 BC Chr. – 100 AD |
| Shurmak culture | 200 BC Chr. – 200 AD |
| Tashtyk culture | 100–600 AD |
| Chernyakhov culture | AD 200–500 |
The Samus culture ( Russian Самусьская культура ) is an archaeological culture of the Early Bronze Age , around 2000 BC. It was widespread in southern western Siberia, the middle Irtysh and the upper reaches of the Ob , and had close ties to the neighboring Krotowo culture .
Various vessels can be found in the finds of the Samus culture, but in almost all cases they have a flat bottom. The decoration consists either of horizontal lines arranged in a wave-like manner or of angles, meander hooks and hatched triangles, which creates connections to neighboring cultures in the south-west, such as the Petrovka culture . A special group is decorated with incised anthropo- and zoomorphic motifs, in particular human faces. Some figural stone sculptures are connected with them, depicting human and animal heads as well as phalluses. Although bronze was already being processed by the Samus culture, as shown by molds and bronze fragments, flint and bones continued to be important materials.
The settlements of the Samus culture were partly fortified with a ditch, partly unsurfaced. In its interior there were slightly sunk pit houses. The main role in the economy was the breeding of sheep, goats and cattle, the breeding of horses and dogs played a lesser role. Hunting only played a marginal role. There is no evidence of arable farming, apart from the alleged imprints of grains on the inner walls of the vessels. The dead were buried in shallow graves; mostly it is corporal, more rarely cremation burials. In the accessories equipment, an upscale class of warriors with weapons accessories is noticeable.
literature
- Михаил Ф. Косарев: Древние культуры Томско-Нарымского Приобья. Наука, Москва 1974.
- Владимир И. Матющенко, Галина В. Синицина: Могильник у д. Ростовка вблизи Омска. Изд-во Томского университета, Томск 1988.
- Вячеслав И. Молодин, Игорь Г. Глушков: Самусьская культура в Верхнем Приобье. Наука, Новосибирск 1989, ISBN 5-02-029006-8 .
- Hermann Parzinger : The early peoples of Eurasia. From the Neolithic to the Middle Ages (= Historical Library of the Gerda Henkel Foundation. ) Beck, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-406-54961-6 , p. 281 ff.
Individual evidence
- ↑ The dates in the table are taken from the individual articles and do not always have to be reliable. Cultures in areas of other former Soviet republics were included.