Jessik Beschsatyr culture

Prehistoric cultures of Russia
Mesolithic
Kunda culture	7400-6000 BC Chr.
Neolithic
Bug Dniester culture	6500-5000 BC Chr.
Dnepr-Don culture	5000-4000 BC Chr.
Sredny Stog culture	4500-3500 BC Chr.
Ekaterininka culture	4300-3700 BC Chr.
Fatyanovo culture	around 2500 BC Chr.
Copper Age
North Caspian culture
Spa culture	5000-3000 BC Chr.
Samara culture	around 5000 BC Chr.
Chwalynsk culture	5000-4500 BC Chr.
Botai culture	3700-3100 BC Chr.
Yamnaya culture	3600-2300 BC Chr.
Afanassjewo culture	3500-2500 BC Chr.
Usatovo culture	3300-3200 BC Chr.
Glaskovo culture	3200-2400 BC Chr.
Bronze age
Poltavka culture	2700-2100 BC Chr.
Potapovka culture	2500-2000 BC Chr.
Catacomb tomb culture	2500-2000 BC Chr.
Abashevo culture	2500-1800 BC Chr.
Sintashta culture	2100-1800 BC Chr.
Okunew culture	around 2000 BC Chr.
Samus culture	around 2000 BC Chr.
Andronovo culture	2000-1200 BC Chr.
Susgun culture	around 1700 BC Chr.
Srubna culture	1600-1200 BC Chr.
Colchis culture	1700-600 BC Chr.
Begasy Dandybai culture	around 1300 BC Chr.
Karassuk culture	around 1200 BC Chr.
Ust-mil culture	around 1200–500 BC Chr.
Koban culture	1200-400 BC Chr.
Irmen culture	1200-400 BC Chr.
Late corporate culture	around 1000 BC Chr.
Plate burial culture	around 1300–300 BC Chr.
Aldy Bel culture	900-700 BC Chr.
Iron age
Baitowo culture
Tagar culture	900-300 BC Chr.
Nosilowo group	900-600 BC Chr.
Ananino culture	800-300 BC Chr.
Tasmola culture	700-300 BC Chr.
Gorokhovo culture	600-200 BC Chr.
Sagly bashi culture	500-300 BC Chr.
Jessik Beschsatyr culture	500-300 BC Chr.
Pazyryk level	500-300 BC Chr.
Sargat culture	500 BC Chr. – 400 AD
Kulaika culture	400 BC Chr. – 400 AD
Tes level	300 BC Chr. – 100 AD
Shurmak culture	200 BC Chr. – 200 AD
Tashtyk culture	100–600 AD
Chernyakhov culture	AD 200–500

The Jessik Beschsatyr culture was around the 5th to 3rd century BC. Widespread in northwestern Tianshan and the Seven Streams in Central Asia. It is after Kurgangruppe of Esik (Issyk), 50 km east of Almaty named. From archeology it is with the method known from ancient sources Iranian people of Saken associated.

The bearers of the Jessik Beschsatyr culture were nomads on horseback , so all the finds come from graves. Like the other Central Asian equestrian nomad peoples, the dead of the Jessik-Beschsatyr culture were buried in kurgan, some of which reached enormous sizes. The graves buried in these large Kurganen are extremely richly furnished. The grave of the "Golden Man of Jessik" has a diameter of 60 meters. Under the Kurgan embankment there was a rectangular chamber made of larch beams, in which the deceased was buried stretched out on his back and wore gold armor in the cataphract style with a very high headgear, which is known from ancient Persian depictions of the pointed hat saks . Various vessels, weapons and golden goods in the Scythian-Sakan animal style are found as grave goods . In addition, a silver drinking bowl was found in the Kurgan with characters that have not been clearly deciphered to this day, which are also known from Bactria , the Issyk-Baktrien script . The enormous wealth of some graves indicates a strong social hierarchy typical of the equestrian nomad cultures.

The Jessik Beschsatyr culture was replaced by the Wusun culture .

literature

• KA Akischew: Kurgan Issyk: Iskusstvo sakow Kazakhstan. (Искусство саков Казахстана), Moscow 1978
• Hermann Parzinger : The early peoples of Eurasia. From the Neolithic to the Middle Ages. Historical Library of the Gerda Henkel Foundation, Volume 1. Beck, Munich 2006 ISBN 978-3-406-54961-8
• Ju. A. Sadneprowski: Rannije kotschewniki Semirechja i Tjan-Schanja. In: MG Moschkowa: Stepnaja polosa Asiatskoi tschasti SSSR w skifo-sarmatskoje wremja. Archeologija SSSR. Moscow 1992

Web links

Commons : Issyk kurgan  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ The dates in the table are taken from the individual articles and do not always have to be reliable. Cultures in areas of other former Soviet republics were included.