Sargat culture
| Prehistoric cultures of Russia | |
| Mesolithic | |
| Kunda culture | 7400-6000 BC Chr. |
| Neolithic | |
| Bug Dniester culture | 6500-5000 BC Chr. |
| Dnepr-Don culture | 5000-4000 BC Chr. |
| Sredny Stog culture | 4500-3500 BC Chr. |
| Ekaterininka culture | 4300-3700 BC Chr. |
| Fatyanovo culture | around 2500 BC Chr. |
| Copper Age | |
| North Caspian culture | |
| Spa culture | 5000-3000 BC Chr. |
| Samara culture | around 5000 BC Chr. |
| Chwalynsk culture | 5000-4500 BC Chr. |
| Botai culture | 3700-3100 BC Chr. |
| Yamnaya culture | 3600-2300 BC Chr. |
| Afanassjewo culture | 3500-2500 BC Chr. |
| Usatovo culture | 3300-3200 BC Chr. |
| Glaskovo culture | 3200-2400 BC Chr. |
| Bronze age | |
| Poltavka culture | 2700-2100 BC Chr. |
| Potapovka culture | 2500-2000 BC Chr. |
| Catacomb tomb culture | 2500-2000 BC Chr. |
| Abashevo culture | 2500-1800 BC Chr. |
| Sintashta culture | 2100-1800 BC Chr. |
| Okunew culture | around 2000 BC Chr. |
| Samus culture | around 2000 BC Chr. |
| Andronovo culture | 2000-1200 BC Chr. |
| Susgun culture | around 1700 BC Chr. |
| Srubna culture | 1600-1200 BC Chr. |
| Colchis culture | 1700-600 BC Chr. |
| Begasy Dandybai culture | around 1300 BC Chr. |
| Karassuk culture | around 1200 BC Chr. |
| Ust-mil culture | around 1200–500 BC Chr. |
| Koban culture | 1200-400 BC Chr. |
| Irmen culture | 1200-400 BC Chr. |
| Late corporate culture | around 1000 BC Chr. |
| Plate burial culture | around 1300–300 BC Chr. |
| Aldy Bel culture | 900-700 BC Chr. |
| Iron age | |
| Baitowo culture | |
| Tagar culture | 900-300 BC Chr. |
| Nosilowo group | 900-600 BC Chr. |
| Ananino culture | 800-300 BC Chr. |
| Tasmola culture | 700-300 BC Chr. |
| Gorokhovo culture | 600-200 BC Chr. |
| Sagly bashi culture | 500-300 BC Chr. |
| Jessik Beschsatyr culture | 500-300 BC Chr. |
| Pazyryk level | 500-300 BC Chr. |
| Sargat culture | 500 BC Chr. – 400 AD |
| Kulaika culture | 400 BC Chr. – 400 AD |
| Tes level | 300 BC Chr. – 100 AD |
| Shurmak culture | 200 BC Chr. – 200 AD |
| Tashtyk culture | 100–600 AD |
| Chernyakhov culture | AD 200–500 |
The Sargat culture was in existence during the late older and all of the younger Iron Age , from around the 5th century BC. BC to the 4th century AD in the southeastern Ural foothills, especially widespread between Tobol and Ob . It is one of the best-researched cultures of Siberian prehistory; the first finds were made in the 19th century. It is divided into three or four levels, to which there is also a precarious level . The Sargat culture shows clear connections to the late Firms culture and to the much older Baitowo culture , which it has replaced. In the early Sargat pottery, round vessels with a cylinder or funnel neck dominated. The decorations, which were so common in the West Siberian Bronze Age, became increasingly rare. In the later Sargat culture, the edges became increasingly stronger and angular and thus moved away from the earlier forms. Small finds from Sargat sites include various types of weapons and utensils. A larger number of settlements of the Sargat culture is known, on the one hand village-like, unpaved settlements, which were mostly laid out on river terraces. In addition, however, there were also a large number of fortified hill fortifications. The buildings had a rectangular floor plan, they were mostly sunken huts ( Polusemljanki ), buildings at ground level were less common. The economy was based on cattle breeding, with horse bones making up the largest share of the finds, followed by cattle, goats and sheep; hunting and fishing also played a role. In the early and middle Sargat period, the dead were buried in kurgan , which were later increasingly replaced by shallow graves.
The last finds of the Sargat culture date back to the 4th or 5th century AD, then it was overlaid by the Pottschewasch culture from the north .
literature
- BA Mogilnikow: Lesostep Sauralja i Sapadnoi Sibiri. In: MG Moschkowa (ed.): Stepnaja polosa Asiatskoi tschasti SSSR w skifo-sarmatskoje wremja. Archeologija SSSR. Moscow 1992, pp. 274-311
- Hermann Parzinger : The early peoples of Eurasia. From the Neolithic to the Middle Ages. Historical Library of the Gerda Henkel Foundation, Volume 1, Beck, Munich 2006, ISBN 978-3-406-54961-8 , (pp. 564 ff., 715 ff., Figs. 184, 185, 225, 226, 227 )
Footnotes
- ↑ The dates in the table are taken from the individual articles and do not always have to be reliable. Cultures in areas of other former Soviet republics were included.