Lauterbach Castle (Ebersbach)
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The Lauterbach Castle with park is located in the district of Lauterbach the large village Ebersbach in Saxony district Meissen , 9 km southeast of Grossenhain.
history
In the Slavic times there was a moated castle in Lauterbach. The place Lauterbach was mentioned in a document as a manor in 1350 . The Meissen Margrave Friedrich der Strenge enfeoffed a Thimo de Grunrode , with the place Lauterbach, of which it is said, "Luterbach, a forwerg in the Mark Meissen am Bindebach." From 1436 a Vorwerk and since 1551 a manor listed in the files. In 1696 Lauterbach belonged to the Office Großenhain , the basic rule was the manor Lauterbach. In the period from 1408 to 1660, the respective owners expanded the Vorwerk into a considerable manor. During this time, in the region of the Grossenhain office, there were primarily manors in addition to official property. The economic position of these goods could be strengthened by the inclusion of many farms destroyed in the Thirty Years War . This also affected the Lauterbach manor. The places Lauterbach, Beiersdorf, Ermendorf, Marschau and Großdobritz were assigned to the estate. The population of these places was given at that time as 68 counted heads of household and the size of the property was estimated at 13 hooves (approx. 260 hectares).
Castle construction
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In the period from 1704 to 1706 Hans Gustav von Kirchbach began building a mansion. The construction progress was delayed more and more by the Great Northern War and finally came to a complete standstill. It was not until 1708 that Hans George von Zehmen completed the construction of the manor house, a rectangular, two-story simple building with nine window axes and a mansard roof in the Rococo style. Leopold Carl von Palm gave the manor house its castle character with the tower-like roof turret in the middle of the 18th century. At the end of the farm yard there was now a rectangular building measuring 41.00 by 27.5 Saxon cubits (approx. 23 by 15.50 meters), the gable sides each had 5 window axes. The masonry of the building consisted mainly of quarry stone, the roof rested on a stable wooden structure and was covered with beaver tails, including the ridge turret. The plastered facade was decorated with plaster mirrors above the windows. Only the middle window was decorated with a basket arch. In the middle of the roof there was a cranked segment arch with a round window and a tall, curved roof turret above the cornice. In the attic, there were four vertical dormers along each side and two dormers above them symmetrically arranged. There were two standing dormers on each of the gable ends. Four chimneys protruded over the 15.50 meter high ridge. The interior was kept simple, the ceilings were decorated with simple stucco elements. Valuable paintings and wallpaper in oil on flax adorned the garden room and other rooms. The castle, which is located in the south, forms the end of the farm yard with several buildings. To the left and right of the castle are the cavalier houses, which were inhabited by employees of the manor. On the park side, the sandstone staircase, which was renewed in 2007, leads from the garden hall to the park that was later laid out. Until the end of World War II , the statue of the praying boy , who disappeared in the post-war confusion, still stood on the forecourt (Parkentree) . The main entrance of the castle is to the north and can be reached via the manor's farm. A curved, paved driveway leads to the heavy, double-winged entrance door made of oak. Above it is the family coat of arms of Derer von Palm with its conspicuous palm located on a three-part hill in the middle. A banner above the main entrance announces: In Adversis Virtus , meaning: Maintain manliness even in disaster .
On the park-side ornamental gable on the roof is a framed family coat of arms, covered with a crown. On the west side of the driveway there is an extension, the glass corridor. It forms a passage from the castle to the Kavalierhaus, in which the castle kitchen was also located.
Castle Park
In 1770, the surrounding exterior with the castle pond was prepared in the style of the Baroque era, but later in the 19th century it was converted into an English landscape garden . The line of sight over the castle pond in the direction of Moritzburg is particularly remarkable. The new natural irregularity of the 0.75 hectare castle pond corresponds to the English landscape garden style. In the pond there is an island set on a brickwork and overgrown with trees. On the eastern side there is a drain to the Hopfenbach (formerly Bindebach), while the Dorschgraben from the direction of Marschau supplies the pond with water. Originally, the two still waters of the Marschauer Teich and the street pond opposite the castle pond in the so-called Eichbusch also belonged to it. In addition to native tree species, such as the imposing oak in front of the castle building, an old red beech opposite the castle, silver linden , poplar , black alder , hornbeam and others, you will also find exotic plants in the 4.5 hectare castle park, such as plane trees , a sweet chestnut and several others White pines . To the west on Naundorfer Straße is a small sandstone wall and a round stone table on a platform by the pond. The table top consists of an old millstone . On this side of the street there is a wall niche a few meters away. It is probably the western end point of a baroque arcade , which was symmetrical with the castle pond. The Eichbusch forest to the west was part of the castle park until 1945. In the 20th century there was a well for the drinking water supply of the manor and the castle. The water was led to the individual tapping points in wooden pipes. On Naunhofer Straße there was an attractively designed garden house with oval windows and a bell-shaped roof design with a vase as the crowning glory. A flight of stairs led to the upper floor with a lattice-like wooden paneling decoratively decorated facade.
Conversions
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With the construction of another floor in 1865, the building was significantly changed. The masonry on the new floor consists of fired bricks. The roof was made flatter, with the ridge and the roof turret retaining their original height of 23.50 meters. The slate roof has a sheet metal clad roof turret with a clockwork tower. The plastered facade was decorated with appropriate plastic decorative elements in the Rococo style, a square plaster adorned the area of the ground floor. A balcony was installed over the entrance to the park. Behind it was the spacious balcony room. Instead of dormer windows, the attic received simple roof windows. After the renovation work, two of the original four chimneys remain in the roof area. Two cavalier houses are being built to the right and left of the castle and frame the view of the castle from the farm yard. Simultaneously with the renovation and modernization of the castle, the farm yard was renewed, modernized and enlarged. In the years 1929 to 1933, modernization work, installation of a steam heating system and a hot water system were again carried out through a change of ownership. The farm yard was also modernized and expanded. In 1931 the roof turret had to be removed for safety reasons because it was dilapidated.
After 1946 further renovations were carried out by the Naunhof farm for its use. Further modifications were made to enable the castle to be used as a holiday home or as a dormitory for apprentices. Between 1963 and 1982 the building was refurbished and used as a Polytechnic Oberschule (POS) Lauterbach. In 1976, a gym with 250 m² of usable space was built directly to the east of the castle . In 1983 a new school was built at the south end of the park, which has since been demolished in 2010. The school was still supplied from the castle, which now had no further use and was empty. With the end of the school in 1992, the neglect and decay of the castle began. In 1996 the former manor was split up and privatized. The castle remains the property of the Ebersbach community.
Owner until 1945
Around 1350 there was a Thimo de Grunrode master on Lauterbach. Around 1408, Balthasar von Lubin zu Luttirbach owned Lauterbach. In the 15th and 16th centuries, the Luterbach am Bindebach farm was expanded into a manor. In 1436 Hans von Lubin and Hempel Krakow shared the manor. After Hempel Krakow's death, Friedrich Elector of Saxony handed over the fiefdom with minor jurisdiction over the place to Hans von Lubin. For the year 1502, Balthasar von Schönfels, in 1516 Albrecht von der Saale and his brothers, and from 1528 Balthasar von Grünberg were named as the owner of the official property. From 1551 Lauterbach was listed as an old manor manor. From 1656 to 1660 Hans von Polenz was the owner of the manor. As heir and electoral administrator, Jonas von Kirchbach acquired the manor in 1660. Hans Gustav von Kirchbach began building a mansion in Lauterbach from 1704 to 1706. In 1708 he sold the partially modernized Gut Lauterbach with the new construction of the future mansion to Hans George von Zehmen as an allod and inheritance, who presumably continued the construction. Leopold Carl Freiherr von Palm became the new owner of the manor and manor house in 1735 and redesigned it in the middle of the 18th century to resemble a castle for his family residence. The noble family served at the court of Empress Maria Theresa and exercised important functions. Thus, the representative rooms of the castle were designed with the corresponding interior. Paintings and painted wallpapers come from painters such as Hans Anton Williard , Johann Eleazor Zeisig , Martin van der Meytens and David Teniers . The paintings of the Empress and her husband Franz von Habsburg-Lothringen were in the garden hall .
In 1929 Herbert von Palm sold Gut and Lauterbach Castle for one million Reichsmarks to Walter Woldemar Wilhelm . At the end of the war in 1945, the Red Army confiscated the castle and set up a command post and a supply base. The Wilhelm family was expropriated as part of the land reform and deported to the island of Rügen , while Walther Wilhelm was arrested and deported.
Use after 1945
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The estate has now been converted to feed the Red Army. In addition to cabbage , cabbage , tomatoes and other vegetables, pigs and cattle are also raised. An additional pigsty was built in the castle park. The villagers had to transport the goods to the Russian garrison in Dresden . In 1949 and 1950 the Red Army withdrew. In 1946 the estate and the castle were declared public property and the democratic land reform was implemented. The land was divided into a size of six hectares each between locals, displaced persons and new farmers . The centerpiece of the manor had as part of the brigade of the People's good Kalkreuth a total floor area of approximately 60 hectares. At the time, displaced families from Upper Silesia lived in the castle and partly in the manor. In 1951 the castle was also used by the Großenhain steam hammer works as a children's holiday camp for the Scholl Siblings . In the years from 1957 to the end of 1959 the castle was used as a boarding school and school for apprenticeships for the rural trade cooperatives of the district (BHG). From November 1958, a kindergarten for the Beiersdorf community was built in a room on the ground floor of the palace, which in 1964 moved to the cellar bar. Until 1963, the castle was used as a dormitory for the Grossenhain teacher training institute with a kindergarten and alternately with a BHG school.
From 1963 to 1983 the castle was a school. Until 1970 was taught up to the eighth grade and from 1971 to the 10th grade. The localities of Beiersdorf, Lauterbach, Marschau , Ermendorf, Hohndorf , Steinbach as well as Naunhof and Reinersdorf belonged to the school . In 1983 the Karl-Marx Polytechnic High School was built on the south side of the castle park due to the increasing number of pupils . In 1984 the Lauterbach Harlequin was set up at the entrance to the school for 13,000 GDR marks , a sculpture made of Rochlitz porphyry by the sculptor Roland Rother . The closure of the school and the evacuation of the last apartments in the castle in 1992 marked the beginning of the decline of the castle and park. With the establishment of the Friends of Schloss und Park Lauterbach e. V. in 2006 the decay was stopped. Together with the municipality of Ebersbach, it is now gradually being renovated, restored and renewed.
Friends of Castle and Park Lauterbach e. V.
On March 2, 2006 the Friends of Castle and Park Lauterbach e. V. founded. The aim is to promote the preservation and use of Lauterbach Castle in accordance with the preservation of historical monuments and the maintenance and design of the park belonging to the castle. The association not only promotes the repair and maintenance of the palace and park, but also influences the appropriate use of the palace and park facilities. He also designs broad public relations and produces his own publications. The association organizes public events and offers cultural highlights in the castle. In this way, historical and local research is promoted and new members, sympathizers, supporters and sponsors are won. The association fulfills its tasks in close cooperation with the municipality of Ebersbach, the owner of the palace and the park.
Security measures were taken immediately on the building. A major clearing out campaign on all floors, including the basement and attic, freed the building from rubbish and other rubbish. With a public concert on September 3, 2006 in the garden hall, new life moved into the castle. From 2007 the roof was renewed, the outside staircase on the garden side renovated and new sanitary facilities installed on the ground floor. In 2008, the castle pond was desludged, as well as painting and stucco work and the installation of a modern kitchen on the ground floor. On July 21, 2014, the extensive renovation work on the crumbling castle facade was carried out by companies from the region. The required facade work was completed at the beginning of November 2014. Two lost paintings, Maria Theresa and Emperor Franz I, and the portraits of former lords of the palace were recreated by Roland Schwenke and decorate the rooms. As a result, tower owners were now looking for the reconstruction of the roof turret, because this was the next goal of the Friends of Schloss und Park Lauterbach e. V. To this end, the hobby model maker Rainer Dierchen from Heidenau was approached by a model maker from his First Plastic Dresden Model Club (EPMC Dresden) and the Friends' Association to make a model of Lauterbach Castle with a roof turret. The Lauterbach Castle was built in countless hours around 1900 based on a painting by Roland Schwenke. On December 10, 2017, the model was handed over to the friends' association during the castle Christmas. Thus, the sponsors and donors were able to imagine the effect of the castle with the new roof turrets. The model can be viewed in the castle.
Project: roof rider
The roof turret, dismantled in 1931 for safety reasons, is to be rebuilt according to the old model and the historical ensemble is to get its original appearance back. The planning is based on the original archive plans and photographs, in comparison with the building inspections and in coordination with the Dresden Office for Culture and Monument Protection. The architectural office Behzadi und Partner Architekten Leipzig has taken on this task. The financial expenses are to be covered with donations and requested funding.
Roof turret
preparation
The requested funding for the project selected by the Dresdner Heidebogen was checked and approved. The own share is financed exclusively by the association with donations, grants and self-generated funds. The association expressly declares that the municipality will not be burdened with costs for this unique association project.
The tendered construction work could still be put out to tender in 2018. And on January 31, 2019, the offers were checked and awarded to the relevant craft businesses as follows:
| No. | Trade | company | Service to be performed | place |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Planning / project | Behzadi & Partner planning office | Project, construction supervision | Leipzig |
| 2 | Tower clock | Clockmaking Zachariä | Castle clock, striking bell | Grossenhain |
| 3 | Locksmithing | Metallbau Held | Locksmith work | Grossenhain |
| 4th | Scaffolding | Company force | Scaffolding | Waldheim |
| 5 | carpentry | Klemm company | Carpentry work | Wages |
| 6th | Roofers , plumbers | Böhme Systems GmbH | Roofing and plumbing work | Boxing village |
| 7th | Sheeting, chasing | Böhme Systems GmbH | Sheeting, chasing work | Boxing village |
execution
With the distribution of tasks, the companies began with the work that had to be done according to the tenders . In the castle, the old worn wood was removed and new wood was added. The roof turret was made from spruce wood in the carpentry shop in Lohmen and was transported to Boxdorf on June 28, 2019. Work on the sheet metal plating began immediately by the trained specialist staff from Böhme. In the meantime, the clock tower was built by the Zachariä company in Leipzig. The existing historical substructure in the roof has now been prepared in the castle. The sheet metal required a high level of specialist knowledge during production and the total of four profiled round arches and other extras, such as the four crowning little balls and the tower cover. The weather vane and the tower ball were also manufactured in time to be ready in time for the gilding. Before the completion of the sheeting, the supply lines for lightning protection and the power supply were installed. The roof turret is around 13 meters high and weighs around 13.5 tons.
Assembly
Now the roof turret could be transported from Boxdorf to Lauterbach to the castle on November 26, 2019. The next day, the tower clock with the dial and the sound system were installed. The Zachariä company also took on the assembly of the striking bell.
The big moment of assembly came on November 28th. At around 8 o'clock the Maxi-Kraft crane was set up and the last little remaining work was done. At 9:20 am, the roof turret floated up and a little later was placed on the new structure erected by the carpenters. This work was accompanied by applause and cheers from the numerous present. After adjusting the ridge and hanging the ropes, the anchoring work was carried out with strong flat metal strips. Later, the assembly trusses in the tower were removed and, to everyone's delight, an Advent star was installed. The mayor of Ebersbach, Mr. Falk Hentschel , thanked the craftsmen, the sponsors and the Friends of Lauterbach Park and Castle.
Roof turret, delivery
Roof turrets, underlay
Roof turrets, sheet metal
Roof rider, 3 pages already finished
Upright roof turret
Assembly of the roof ridge
Assembly of the tower cover, tower ball and weather vane
Almost finished....
Use and exhibition
In addition to renting out the lower floor for private celebrations, various cultural offers are presented, such as the
- Lauterbacher Castle Spring, annually in May on the day of the parks and gardens
- Concerts on Easter Sunday
- Music at the courts of the Meissnian nobles
- Open Monument Day in September
- Lauterbach Literature Day
- Lauterbach Castle Christmas every year on the 2nd Advent
- Lauterbacher fireside chats
- Concerts and other artistic events
- In the garden hall and the music salon, wedding ceremonies and weddings take place in the electoral registry office of the municipality of Ebersbach.
There is also a bookstore for books and records from yesterday and today to take away.
Since 2012 there has been a permanent exhibition on the first floor on an area of approx. 55 square meters with the title The Blue Light Salon . You can see over 3500 badges, more than 300 headgear, numerous uniforms and pieces of equipment, images and much more on the subject of customs, police and the penal system.
literature
- Ingmar Balfanz: The prehistoric and early historical settlement of the Riesa-Großenhain district (Reg.-Bez. Dresden). University of Halle (Saale), dissertation dissertation, 2003.
- Fritz Baronner, Randi Friese: Lauterbach Castle and Park. Walk through space and time. Lauterbach Castle and Park Association V.
- Wolfgang Fleischer : The end of the war in Saxony 1945. Podzun Pallas, Wölfersheim-Berstadt 2004, p. 93 ff.
- Cornelius Gurlitt (arr.): Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. Issue 37 Amtshauptmannschaft Grossenhain (Land). Verlag Meinhold and Sons, Dresden 1914, pp. 129 to 137. Digital copy of the SLUB
- Annemarie Naumann: Lauterbach stories 1930–1945. Friends of Lauterbach Castle and Park, 2011.
- Thomas Schade: Brick by brick to the turret. In: Saxon newspaper. September 8, 2018, p. 3 ( online ).
- Silvio Kuhnert: The new tower of Lauterbach Castle is taking shape; in Dresdner Latest News from July 2, 2019
Web links
- Lauterbach Castle on schlosspark-lauterbach.de
- Lauterbach Castle on historisches-sachsen.net
- EPMC Lauterbach Castle
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ebersbach community - history of the districts , accessed on June 14, 2017
- ↑ a b c Lauterbach in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony, accessed on June 14, 2017
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p archive of the Friends of Lauterbach
- ↑ a b c d e f Cornelius Gurlitt (edit.): Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. Issue 37 Amtshauptmannschaft Grossenhain (Land). Meinhold und Sons, Dresden 1914
- ↑ a b c d Lauterbach Castle on historisches-sachsen.net, accessed on June 14, 2017
- ^ Wolfgang Fleischer: The end of the war in Saxony 1945. Podzun Pallas, Wölfersheim-Berstadt 2004
- ^ Förderverein Schloss und Park Lauterbach e. V.
- ↑ Lauterbach Castle is getting its tower back. on schlosspark-lauterbach.de, accessed on June 14, 2017
- ^ Behzadi and partner architects
- ↑ Freundeskreis Schlösserland on Sachsen.de, accessed on December 2, 2019
- ^ Lauterbach Castle construction diary. on schlosspark-lauterbach.de, accessed on December 2, 2019
Coordinates: 51 ° 13 ′ 39.2 ″ N , 13 ° 36 ′ 39.5 ″ E