Sebastian Scharnagel

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Franz Sebastian Scharnagel (born May 4, 1791 in Bamberg ; † April 13, 1837 there ) was a German painter.

Life

Sebastian Scharnagel was born in Bamberg as the son of a flour trader. His uncles were:

  • Georg Joseph Scharnagel (born January 22, 1786 in Höchstädt , † October 10, 1830 in Neusorg ); Draftsman and engineer. He was a student of Leopold Westen (1750–1804) and received so much applause for his drawings, landscapes and site plans that in 1810 he received the gold medal . In 1819 he became a district forester;
  • Valentin Scharnagel (1790 in Höchstädt; † July 24, 1817 in Bamberg), painter. A student of Adalbert Philipp Sensburg (1773–1821); he painted miniature portraits, was captured as an artillery lieutenant in Russia in 1812, where he ate himself by taking lessons in flower painting; he died soon after his return.

Sebastian Scharnagel initially worked as a flour trader at his father's request, but then switched to training as a drawing artist after his father's death.

In his youth he attended the engineering and drawing school founded by Leopold Westen in Bamberg in 1794, which was continued by Adalbert Philipp Sensburg after his death. It was so good that General Commissioner Stephan von Stengel , who was an art connoisseur and collector and also practiced the arts and crafts, became aware of it. This ensured that Sebastian Scharnagel was trained by the drawing teacher Carl Geibel (1780-1840) in free hand drawing. Under the further guidance of Joseph Dorn , he developed a great zeal in painting and copied paintings by Anthony van Dyck , Jacques Courtois , Philips Wouwerman and Pieter van Laer . He made so good progress that within a year 1811 he was able to attend the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Munich ; there he received lessons from the director Johann Georg von Dillis and from Konrad Ludwig Schwab at the Royal Central Veterinary School .

As a history painter, he had a particular fondness for battalion pieces (battle paintings), which is why he especially studied the anatomy of horses and the temperaments of different breeds.

King Maximilian I Joseph became aware of him and commissioned him in 1813 to produce a painting that shows the moment when the Maid of Orleans , escaped from captivity, takes command of the French in battle.

In 1815 he returned to Bamberg and shortly after his return received the order from Duke Wilhelm to make several paintings for Banz Castle, including a picture showing the Duke with his stable master and entourage on horseback, in the background Banz was pictured, showed. This picture was so popular that he had to make several copies for the court, of which Queen Amalie of Saxony also received one. He also made some large altar leaves and several other paintings for churches as well as for art lovers, so there are also some lithographs depicting areas around Bamberg.

When the book printer Lachmüller set up a lithographic printing shop , he received several orders from the latter, as he had already drawn illustrations for Eckartshausen's prayer book in the past .

Sebastian Scharnagel made several trips to Austria , Bohemia , Saxony and Switzerland to get to know the art treasures of these countries better. In 1820 he traveled to the areas on the Main and in 1822 undertook a trip in the company of the landscape painter Philipp Joseph Kraus (1789–1864) to the Isar and Danube areas as far as Vienna and traveled back to Bamberg via Prague and Dresden . In 1835 he traveled to Switzerland.

On December 12, 1823 he was a participant in the constituent meeting of the Kunstverein in Bamberg and was later elected several times to its board.

In 1830, in the presence of the Bavarian King Ludwig I and his wife Therese von Sachsen-Hildburghausen, he organized an exhibition of works by local artists in the residence in Bamberg; In 1833, on the occasion of the first Bamberg festival, he organized an exhibition of older works of art from various private collections in the Bamberg town hall .

In the course of time he put on an art collection of various glass paintings , church vessels, cups and other antiquities, which had a historical value in addition to art. He also dealt with numismatics and tried to complete the Bamberg and Würzburg coins in his coin collection.

He also developed a tendency to teach drawing and devoted himself to teaching as a painter and drawing teacher at the royal lyceum in 1830 as a substitute for the sick Ludwig Neureuther , whose position he received after his death in 1832. He also taught at the agricultural and trade schools , the school teachers' seminar and the English Miss Institute in Bamberg.

Because he was unmarried, he wanted to donate his not inconsiderable fortune to charitable foundations and to make his coin collection for general use by art connoisseurs, but a sudden nervous attack hit him , which resulted in his unconsciousness until his death.

He was buried in the chapel built in 1836 in the churchyard near St. Stephen , there was later a stone-made monument on the right side wall on which his monogram (ploughshare, nail, painter's palette and easel) was attached. On a marble plaque it said:

Art wept when he died, but the angels rejoiced in his arrival.

His two sisters, the art dealer Braun and the magistrate Schmidt, received several of his paintings and drawings.

Trivia

Up until his death, he had always followed all of Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland's instructions in his macrobiotics , and after returning from visits or official business he always rubbed his clothes with paper because he believed that a miasma could be attached to them.

Works (selection)

Fonts (selection)

  • Drawings and sketches . 1830
  • Catalog of those paintings and drawings, which have been verfertiget under the guidance of the painter Sebastian Scharnagel to Bamberg, and publicly set up for the benefit of the local poor in the hall of wedding-house via a staircase from the 8th to 17th April every day from 10 pm to 5 am . Bamberg Schmidt 1830.
  • Catalog of the paintings and hand drawings, which were made under the direction of the teacher of the public drawing institute Sebastian Scharnagel in Bamberg in 1832 and in the auditorium building on the ground floor from August 29 to September 6 daily from 10 a.m. to 5 a.m. are set up . Bamberg Schmidt 1831.
  • List of paintings and hand drawings, which were made under the direction of the teacher of the public drawing institute Sebastian Scharnagel in Bamberg in 1832 . 1832.
  • Catalog of those drawings which, under the direction of the drawing teacher Sebastian Scharnagel zu Bamberg, were included in the last III. Quarters of the school year were manufactured 1832/33: and are publicly established on July 8, 1833, drawing Saale in the auditorium to the flat earth Vormitttags from 9 to 5 PM . Bamberg: Reindl 1833.
  • Memory of the crypt of our unforgettable friend Mr. Sebastian Scharnagel, painter and drawing teacher at the k. College, the agricultural and trade school and the k. School teacher seminar over there, etc. etc .: consecrated to the deceased and to all who loved him . Bamberg Reindl 1837.
  • Franz Sebastian Scharnagel: 1791-1837: Exhibition at the Bamberg State Library, April 2–30. 6. 1987 . Bamberg: Bamberg State Library 1987.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johann Casimir Dresch: Description of the first Theresien-Volksfest in Bamberg: celebrated in honor and under the special protection of Her Majesty the reigning Queen Therese of Bavaria: from July 8th to 12th, 1833; with 7 illustrations . S. 19. Dresch, 1833 ( google.de [accessed November 8, 2018]).
personal data
SURNAME Scharnagel, Sebastian
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Scharnagel, Franz Sebastian
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter
DATE OF BIRTH May 4, 1791
PLACE OF BIRTH Bamberg
DATE OF DEATH April 13, 1837
Place of death Bamberg