Servance
| Servance | ||
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| local community | Servance Miellin | |
| region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | |
| Department | Haute-Saône | |
| Arrondissement | Lure | |
| Coordinates | 47 ° 49 ′ N , 6 ° 41 ′ E | |
| Post Code | 70440 | |
| Former INSEE code | 70489 | |
| Incorporation | January 1, 2017 | |
| status | Commune déléguée | |
| Website | http://servance.cchvo.org/ | |
 Servance |
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Servance is a commune Déléguée in the French community Servance Miellin- with 741 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the French department of Haute-Saône in the region Bourgogne Franche-Comté .
geography
Servance lies at an altitude of 407 m above sea level, 20 kilometers northeast of Lure and about 24 kilometers northwest of the city of Belfort (as the crow flies). The village extends in the eastern part of the department, in the southwestern Vosges , in a valley widening of the upper Ognon , between the plateau des Mille Étangs and the heights of the Ballon de Servance .
The area of the 39.24 km² large Commune déléguée covers a section of the southwestern Vosges. From northeast to southwest the area is crossed by the alluvial lowland of the Ognon. The flat floodplain lies at an average of 400 m and is around one kilometer wide. It is mainly used for agriculture. In the municipality, the Ognon takes on the Vannoise from the west and the Doue de l'Eau from the east .
To the east of the Ognon Valley, the area has a strong relief. The densely forested slope rises steeply to the heights of Mont Cornu (820 m) and Bois du Sapoz (903 m). In between is the entrance to the Doue de l'Eau valley. The municipal area extends with two narrow corners up to the heights of Belfahy. At 932 m, the highest point of Servance is reached on the forest knoll west of the Col des Chevrères .
The Bois du Ménil (up to 700 m) rises between the valley cuts of Ognon and Vannoise . On its west side, the Vannoise valley is flanked by the Mille Étangs plateau . The plateau shows a loose structure of forest, pasture land, heathland and moors. It reaches an average height of 600 m. In the basin there are numerous small lakes, which are predominantly of natural origin and formed during the Ice Age by glacier grinding. Some have also been dammed up and are used for fish farming. In the far west, the municipality reaches as far as the valley of the Beuletin , a tributary of the Breuchin . In the north, the headwaters of the Vannoise also belong to Servance. The northern boundary runs on the ridge of the Haut de l'Alouette , which forms the watershed towards the Moselle . The entire municipality is part of the Ballons des Vosges Regional Nature Park .
From a geological and tectonic point of view, the heights consist mainly of crystalline bedrock; in the higher elevations, red sandstone from the lower Triassic can be found in individual locations . The valleys are filled with sediment and gravel deposits of the Tertiary and Quaternary .
In addition to the actual location, the Commune déléguée Servance includes numerous settlements and farms:
- Bourgagotte (437 m) east of the Ognon
- Le Them (421 m) west of the Ognon
- Les Évaudois (450 m) in the Vannoise Valley
- Servanceuil (455 m) in the Vannoise Valley
- Magny-Maubert (478 m) in the Vannoise valley
- Montandré (515 m) on the Mille Étangs plateau
- La Grève (461 m) in the Doue de l'Eau valley south of Mont Cornu
Neighboring towns of Servance are Beulotte-Saint-Laurent and Ramonchamp in the north, Haut-du-Them-Château-Lambert , Miellin , Belfahy and Plancher-les-Mines in the east, Fresse and Ternuay-Melay-et-Saint-Hilaire in the south as well Faucogney-et-la-Mer and Esmoulières to the west.
history
Servance is first mentioned in documents in 1209 under the name of Serevans . In the Middle Ages, the village belonged to the Free County of Burgundy and in that part of the Bailliage d'Amont . The local rule was initially held by the Lords of Faucogney until the Servance rule in 1374 went to Duke Philip the Bold . In 1532 the Servance estate was bought by the Lure Monastery, where it remained until the French Revolution, with the exception of the years 1633 to 1667. Together with Franche-Comté , Servance finally came to France with the Peace of Nijmegen in 1678.
In 1816 the municipality was hit by a typhus epidemic. There were two changes in area in the first half of the 19th century: in 1821 Miellin was separated from Servance and raised to the status of an independent municipality, in 1841 Le Haut-du-Them experienced the same fate. As early as the beginning of the 19th century, Servance developed into an industrial community. The spinning mills, weaving mills, iron processing industry and wood processing were important for the economic life of the village. With the opening of the tram from Lure to Le Thillot (1895), Servance was connected to the public transport network. However, the line was stopped again at the beginning of World War II. Servance was a member of the community association Communauté de communes de la Haute Vallée de l'Ognon, comprising 12 parishes . On January 1, 2017, the Servance parish was merged with Miellin to form Commune nouvelle Servance-Miellin. Since then it has had the status of a Commune déléguée.
Attractions
The Church of the Assumption of Mary ( Église Notre-Dame de l'Assomption ) was rebuilt in 1689 using red sandstone as building material. The remarkable interior includes furniture from the 16th to 18th centuries, statues of John the Baptist and Mary (16th century) and the richly carved Baroque main altar (17th century) and the pulpit.
There is a 16th century Calvaire in Them . Other crosses and Calvaires from the 17th and 18th centuries can be found in the hamlets. A private school is now housed in a former mansion from the 18th century. The Mairie (municipal administration) with bell tower, which also houses a school, was built in 1906 and is classified as a monument historique .
population
| Population development | |
|---|---|
| year | Residents |
| 1962 | 1,468 |
| 1968 | 1,365 |
| 1975 | 1,354 |
| 1982 | 1,244 |
| 1990 | 1,099 |
| 1999 | 955 |
| 2006 | 900 |
With 793 inhabitants most recently (as of January 1, 2013) Servance was one of the medium-sized communities in the Haute-Saône department. Servance reached its peak in terms of population in the first half of the 19th century. Together with Le Haut-du-Them, 5100 people were counted at the height of the industry in 1831; In 1841, at the time of the dissolution in 2016, there were still 2,731 inhabitants in the municipality. Subsequently, the population decreased significantly until recently.
Economy and Infrastructure
Servance was a predominantly industrial and commercial village as early as the 19th century. Agriculture (especially dairy and livestock farming), forestry and fish farming were also important. Today there are various small and medium-sized businesses. The most important employer is a company in the metal industry. Other important industries include wood processing, precision mechanics, construction and the textile industry. Many workers are also commuters who work in the larger towns in the area.
The village is located off the major thoroughfares on a departmental road that leads from Lure via Mélisey to Le Thillot . Other road connections exist with Faucogney-et-la-Mer, Miellin and Corravillers.
Web links
- Official website of the Municipality of Servance (French)
- Information about Servance (French)